JAVA网络编程

IP

• 唯一定位一台网络上的计算机。
• 127.0.0.1：本机地址。

package com.xuan.demo1;

import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;

public class TestInetAddress {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            InetAddress address1 = InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1");
            System.out.println(address1);
            InetAddress address2 = InetAddress.getByName("www.baidu.com");
            System.out.println(address2);
        } catch (UnknownHostException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

端口

• 公有端口：0~1023
  • HTTP：80
  • HTTPS：443
  • FTP：21
  • Telent：23
• 程序注册端口：1024~49151
  • Tomcat：8080
  • MySQL：3306
  • Oracle：1521

package com.xuan.demo1;

import java.net.InetSocketAddress;

public class TestInetSocketAddress {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        InetSocketAddress socketAddress = new InetSocketAddress("127.0.0.1",8080);
        System.out.println(socketAddress);
    }
}

TCP消息发送

客户端

package com.xuan.demo2;

import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;

public class TCPClientDemo01 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            InetAddress address = InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1");
            int port = 9999;
            Socket socket = new Socket(address,port);
            OutputStream outputStream = socket.getOutputStream();
            outputStream.write("你好".getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
            outputStream.close();
            socket.close();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

服务端

package com.xuan.demo2;

import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;

public class TCPServerDemo01 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(9999);
            Socket socket = serverSocket.accept();
            InputStream inputStream = socket.getInputStream();
            ByteArrayOutputStream byteArrayOutputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
            byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
            int len;
            while ((len = inputStream.read(buffer)) != -1){
                byteArrayOutputStream.write(buffer,0,len);
            }
            System.out.println(byteArrayOutputStream.toString());
            byteArrayOutputStream.close();
            inputStream.close();
            socket.close();
            serverSocket.close();

        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

UDP消息发送

发送端

package com.xuan.demo3;

import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;

public class UDPClientDmeo01 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket();
        String msg = "你好";
        InetAddress address = InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1");
        int port = 9090;
        DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(msg.getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8),0,msg.getBytes().length,address,port);
        socket.send(packet);
        socket.close();
    }
}

接收端

package com.xuan.demo3;

import java.net.DatagramPacket;
import java.net.DatagramSocket;

public class UDPServerDemo01 {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        DatagramSocket socket = new DatagramSocket(9090);
        byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
        DatagramPacket packet = new DatagramPacket(buffer, 0, buffer.length);
        socket.receive(packet);
        System.out.println(new String(packet.getData(), 0, packet.getLength()));
        socket.close();
    }
}