Java零基础入门到精通_Day 11

1.继承

定义：

继承是面向对象三大特征之一。可以使得子类具有父类的属性和方法，还可以在子类中重新定义，追加属性和方法

格式：

public class 子类 extends 父类{}

子类：也叫派生类

父类：基类/超类

继承中子类的特点:

子类可以有父类的内容

子类还可以有自己特有的内容

2.继承的利弊

3.继承中变量的访问特点

4.super

5.继承中构造方法的访问特点

6.继承中成员方法的访问特点

7.super的内存图

输出结果

8.方法重写

9.方法重写的注意事项

10. Java中继承的注意事项

11.老师和学生案例

package Base_se.Base_011;

public class People {
    private String name;
    private int age;

    public People() {
    }

    public People(String name, int age) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }
}

package Base_se.Base_011;

public class Teacher extends People {

    public Teacher() {
    }

    public Teacher(String name, int age) {
//        this.name = name;
//        this.age = age;
        super(name, age); // 继承父类的带参构造方法
//        super();// 继承父类的无参构造方法
    }

    public void teach() {
        System.out.println("教学");
    }
}

package Base_se.Base_011;

public class Demo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Teacher t1 = new Teacher();
        t1.setName("Tom");
        t1.setAge(12);
        System.out.println(t1.getName()+","+t1.getAge());
        t1.teach();

        Teacher t2 = new Teacher("A",11);
        System.out.println(t2.getName()+","+t2.getAge());
        t2.teach();
    }
}

12.案例猫和狗

package Base_se.Base_011;

public class Animal {
    private String name;
    private int age;

    public Animal() {
    }

    public Animal(String name, int age) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }
}

package Base_se.Base_011;

public class Cat extends Animal{
    public Cat() {
    }

    public Cat(String name, int age) {
        super(name, age);
    }
    public void show(){
        System.out.println("抓老鼠");
    }

}

package Base_se.Base_011;

public class AnimalDEmo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Cat c1 = new Cat();
        c1.setName("Tom");
        c1.setAge(12);
        System.out.println(c1.getName()+","+c1.getAge());
        c1.show();

        Cat c2 = new Cat("Tina",13);
        System.out.println(c2.getName()+","+c2.getAge());
        c2.show();

    }
}

13. packeage

14. 导包

package Base_se.Base_011.teacher;

public class Teacher {
    public void show(){
        System.out.println("我是老师");
    }
}

package Base_se.Base_011.demo;

import Base_se.Base_011.teacher.Teacher;

public class Demo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Teacher tc = new Teacher();
        tc.show();
    }
}

15.权限修饰符

16 状态修饰符

17 final 修饰局部变量

package Base_se.Base_011.Final;

public class Student {
    public int age =20;
}

package Base_se.Base_011.Final;

public class FinalDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // 修饰基本类型变量
        final int age = 20;
//        age =30;
        System.out.println(age);

        // 修饰引用类型变量
        final Student student = new Student();
        // 被final修饰了 地址不能变 内容（属性和方法）可以变
        student.age =100;
        System.out.println(student.age);

//        student = new Student(); // 重新给他来个地址 这是很就不行了


    }
}

18 修饰符 static

package Base_se.Base_011.Stu;

public class Student {

    public String name;
    public int age;
    public static String univ;

    public void show() {
        System.out.println(name + "," + age + "," + univ);
    }

}

package Base_se.Base_011.Stu;

public class StudentDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        // 直接通过类名来访问
        Student.univ = "TINA";

        Student student = new Student();
        student.name = "Tom";
        student.age = 11;
//        student.univ = "TING";
        student.show();

        Student student2 = new Student();
        student.name = "Toi";
        student.age = 12;
//        student.univ = "TING";
        student.show();

    }
}

19 static 访问特点

package Base_se.Base_011.demo;

public class Student {
    // 非静态成员变量
    private String name = "Tina";
    // 静态成员变量
    private static String univ = "itcast";

    // 非静态成员方法
    public void show1() {
        System.out.println("show");
    }

    // 非静态成员方法 可以访问静态和非静态的成员变量和方法
    public void show2() {
        System.out.println(name);
        System.out.println(univ);
        show1();
        show3();
    }

    // 静态成员方法
    public static void show3() {

    }

    // 静态成员方法 只能访问静态的成员变量和成员方法
    public static void show4() {
//        System.out.println(name);
        System.out.println(univ);
//        show1();
        show3();
    }
}