K&R 2-3习题

编写函数 htoi(s)，把由十六进制数字组成的字符串（包含可选的前缀0x或0X）转换为与之等价的整型值。字符串中允许包含的数字包括：0～9、a～f以及A～F。

#include <stdio.h>

unsigned int htoi(char s[], int *valid);

int main()
{
    char *test[] =
        {
            "F00",
            "bar",
            "0100",
            "0x1",
            "0XA",
            "0X0C0BE",
            "abcdef",
            "123456",
            "0x123456",
            "deadbeef",
            "zog_c"};
    unsigned int result;
    int valid;
    size_t n, i;
    n = sizeof test / sizeof test[0];
    for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
    {
        result = htoi(test[i], &valid);
        if (valid > 0)
            printf("%s:  %u\n", test[i], result);
        else
            printf("%s:  error\n", test[i]);
    }
}

unsigned int htoi(char s[], int *valid)
{

    int i, n, l;
    unsigned int hex, digit;
    i = l = 0;
    hex = digit = 0;
    if (s[0] == '0' && (s[1] == 'X' || s[1] == 'x'))
        i = 2;
    while (s[l] != '\0')
        l++;
    l -= i;
    *valid = 1;
    for (n = 0; n < l; n++, i++)
    {
        hex = hex * 16;
        if (s[i] >= 'a' && s[i] <= 'f')
        {
            digit = 10 + s[i] - 'a';
        }
        else if (s[i] >= 'A' && s[i] <= 'F')
        {
            digit = 10 + s[i] - 'A';
        }
        else if (s[i] >= '0' && s[i] <= '9')
        {
            digit = s[i] - '0';
        }
        else
        {
            *valid = -1;
            return 1;
        }
        hex = hex + digit;
    }
    return hex;
}