elasticsearch与mysql之间的数据同步

在微服务中，负责酒店管理（操作mysql）的业务与负责酒店搜索（操作elasticsearch）的业务可能在两个不同的微服务上，数据同步该如何实现呢？

 导入demo，hotel-admin工程,其中包含了酒店的CRUD功能：

 

声明交换机、队列

MQ结构如图：

 

1）引入依赖

在hotel-admin、hotel-demo中引入rabbitmq的依赖：

<!--amqp-->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
</dependency>

2）声明队列交换机名称

在hotel-admin和hotel-demo中的cn.itcast.hotel.constatnts包下新建一个类MqConstants：

package cn.itcast.hotel.constatnts;

    public class MqConstants {
    /**
     * 交换机
     */
    public final static String HOTEL_EXCHANGE = "hotel.topic";
    /**
     * 监听新增和修改的队列
     */
    public final static String HOTEL_INSERT_QUEUE = "hotel.insert.queue";
    /**
     * 监听删除的队列
     */
    public final static String HOTEL_DELETE_QUEUE = "hotel.delete.queue";
    /**
     * 新增或修改的RoutingKey
     */
    public final static String HOTEL_INSERT_KEY = "hotel.insert";
    /**
     * 删除的RoutingKey
     */
    public final static String HOTEL_DELETE_KEY = "hotel.delete";
}

3）声明队列交换机

在hotel-demo中，定义配置类，声明队列、交换机：

package cn.itcast.hotel.config;

import cn.itcast.hotel.constants.MqConstants;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Binding;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.BindingBuilder;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.TopicExchange;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration
public class MqConfig {
    @Bean
    public TopicExchange topicExchange(){
        return new TopicExchange(MqConstants.HOTEL_EXCHANGE, true, false);
    }

    @Bean
    public Queue insertQueue(){
        return new Queue(MqConstants.HOTEL_INSERT_QUEUE, true);
    }

    @Bean
    public Queue deleteQueue(){
        return new Queue(MqConstants.HOTEL_DELETE_QUEUE, true);
    }

    @Bean
    public Binding insertQueueBinding(){
        return BindingBuilder.bind(insertQueue()).to(topicExchange()).with(MqConstants.HOTEL_INSERT_KEY);
    }

    @Bean
    public Binding deleteQueueBinding(){
        return BindingBuilder.bind(deleteQueue()).to(topicExchange()).with(MqConstants.HOTEL_DELETE_KEY);
    }
}

发送MQ消息

在hotel-admin中的增、删、改业务中分别发送MQ消息：

接收MQ消息

hotel-demo接收到MQ消息要做的事情包括：

• 新增消息：根据传递的hotel的id查询hotel信息，然后新增一条数据到索引库

• 删除消息：根据传递的hotel的id删除索引库中的一条数据

1）首先在hotel-demo的cn.itcast.hotel.service包下的IHotelService中新增新增、删除业务  

void deleteById(Long id);

void insertById(Long id);

2）给hotel-demo中的cn.itcast.hotel.service.impl包下的HotelService中实现业务：

@Override
public void deleteById(Long id) {
    try {
        // 1.准备Request
        DeleteRequest request = new DeleteRequest("hotel", id.toString());
        // 2.发送请求
        client.delete(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
    } catch (IOException e) {
        throw new RuntimeException(e);
    }
}

@Override
public void insertById(Long id) {
    try {
        // 0.根据id查询酒店数据
        Hotel hotel = getById(id);
        // 转换为文档类型
        HotelDoc hotelDoc = new HotelDoc(hotel);

        // 1.准备Request对象
        IndexRequest request = new IndexRequest("hotel").id(hotel.getId().toString());
        // 2.准备Json文档
        request.source(JSON.toJSONString(hotelDoc), XContentType.JSON);
        // 3.发送请求
        client.index(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
    } catch (IOException e) {
        throw new RuntimeException(e);
    }
}

3）编写监听器

在hotel-demo中的cn.itcast.hotel.mq包新增一个类：

package cn.itcast.hotel.mq;

import cn.itcast.hotel.constants.MqConstants;
import cn.itcast.hotel.service.IHotelService;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class HotelListener {

    @Autowired
    private IHotelService hotelService;

    /**
     * 监听酒店新增或修改的业务
     * @param id 酒店id
     */
    @RabbitListener(queues = MqConstants.HOTEL_INSERT_QUEUE)
    public void listenHotelInsertOrUpdate(Long id){
        hotelService.insertById(id);
    }

    /**
     * 监听酒店删除的业务
     * @param id 酒店id
     */
    @RabbitListener(queues = MqConstants.HOTEL_DELETE_QUEUE)
    public void listenHotelDelete(Long id){
        hotelService.deleteById(id);
    }
}

或者采用添加@RabbitListener注解的方式，在hotel-demo下的itcast.hotel.mq的编写HotelListener类来监听酒店的新增修改以及删除的业务。如下图所示：

package cn.itcast.hotel.mq;

import cn.itcast.hotel.service.IHotelService;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.ExchangeTypes;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.Exchange;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.Queue;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.QueueBinding;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

import static cn.itcast.hotel.constants.MqConstants.*;

@Configuration
public class HotelListener {
    @Autowired
    private IHotelService hotelService;

    /**
     * 监听酒店新增和修改的业务
     */
    @RabbitListener(bindings = @QueueBinding(
            value = @Queue(name = HOTEL_INSERT_QUEUE),
            exchange =@Exchange(name = HOTEL_EXCHANGE,type = ExchangeTypes.TOPIC),
            key = HOTEL_INSERT_KEY
    ))
    public void listenHotelInsertOrUpdate(Long id){
        hotelService.insertById(id);
    }
    /**
     * 监听酒店删除业务
     */
    @RabbitListener(bindings = @QueueBinding(
            value = @Queue(name = HOTEL_DELETE_QUEUE),
            exchange = @Exchange(name = HOTEL_EXCHANGE,type = ExchangeTypes.TOPIC),
            key = HOTEL_DELETE_KEY
            ))
    public void listenHotelDelete(Long id){
        hotelService.deleteById(id);
    }
}