一、实验需求
1,R4 为ISP,其上只能配置IP地址;R4与其他所有直连设备间均使用公有IP
2,R3,R5,R6,R7,为MGRE环境,R3为中心站点;
3,整个OSPF环境IP基于172.16.0.0/16划分;
4,所有设备均可访问R4的环回;
5,减少LSA的更新量,加快收敛,保障更新安全;
6,全网可达;
二、配置思路
合理划分网段和IP地址
按区域配置IP
按区域配置路由
三、配置命令
【1】按区域配置IP地址
1、区域0
配置公网IP
[r3-Serial4/0/0]ip address 34.0.0.1 24
[r5-Serial4/0/0]ip address 45.0.0.1 24
[r6-Serial4/0/0]ip address 46.0.0.1 24
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 47.0.0.1 24
[ISP-Serial4/0/0]ip address 34.0.0.2 24
[ISP-Serial4/0/1]ip address 45.0.0.2 24
[ISP-Serial3/0/0]ip address 46.0.0.2 24
[ISP-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 47.0.0.2 24
[ISP-LoopBack0]ip address 4.4.4.4 24
配置公网缺省
[r3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 34.0.0.2
[r5]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 45.0.0.2
[r6]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 46.0.0.2
[r7]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 47.0.0.2
私网环回
[r5-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.2.1 24
[r6-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.3.1 24
[r7-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.4.1 24
R3,R5,R6,R7,为MGRE环境,R3为中心站点;
中心:
[r3]interface tunnel 0/0/0
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]ip address 172.16.1.1 29
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]source 34.0.0.1[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp network-id 100
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry multicast dynamic
分支:
[r5]interface tunnel 0/0/0
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]ip address 172.16.1.2 29
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]source serial 4/0/0[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 172.16.1.1 34.0.0.1 register
[r6]interface tunnel 0/0/0
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]ip address 172.16.1.3 29
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]source serial 4/0/0
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 172.16.1.1 34.0.0.1 register
[r7]interface tunnel 0/0/0
[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]ip address 172.16.1.4 29
[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]tunnel-protocol gre p2mp
[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]source g0/0/0[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]nhrp entry 172.16.1.1 34.0.0.1 register
2、区域1
配置IP
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.33.1 29
[r1-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.34.1 24
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.33.2 29
[r2-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.35.1 24
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.33.3 29
[r3-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.36.1 24
3、区域2
[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.65.1 29
[r11-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.65.2 29
[r11-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 172.16.65.9 29
[r11-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.66.1 24
[r12-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.65.10 29
4、RIP
[r12-LoopBack1]ip address 172.16.176.1 20
[r12-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.160.1 20
5、区域3
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 172.16.97.1 29
[r8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.97.2 29
[r8-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 172.16.97.9 29
[r8-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.98.1 24
[r9-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.98.2 24
6、区域4
[r9-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.130.1 24
[r9-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 172.16.129.1 29
[r9-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.97.10 29
[r10-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 172.16.129.2 29
[r10-LoopBack0]ip address 172.16.131.1 24
【2】按区域配置路由
1、区域1
[r1]ospf 1 router-id 1.1.1.1
[r1-ospf-1]area 1
[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2
[r2-ospf-1]area 1
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
[r3-ospf-1]area 1
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.36.1 0.0.0.0
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]network 172.16.33.3 0.0.0.0
2、区域0
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.1.1 0.0.0.0
[r5-ospf-1]area 0
[r5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.3.255
[r6-ospf-1]area 0
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.3.255
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.7.255
3、区域2
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.65.1 0.0.0.0
[r11-ospf-1]area 2
[r11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r12-ospf-1]area 2
[r12-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]network 172.16.65.10 0.0.0.0
4、RIP
[r12]rip 1
[r12-rip-1]version 2
[r12-rip-1]network 172.16.0.0
5、区域3
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]area 3
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]network 172.16.97.1 0.0.0.0
[r8]ospf 1 router-id 8.8.8.8
r8-ospf-1]area 3
[r8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r9]ospf 1 router 9.9.9.9
[r9-ospf-1]area 3
[r9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]network 172.16.97.10 0.0.0.0
6、区域4
[r9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]area 4
[r9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.4]network 172.16.128.0 0.0.3.255
[r10-ospf-1]area 4
[r10-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.4]network 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
【3】使区域0的设备之间能够互相建邻
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type p2mp
[r5]interface tunnel 0/0/0
[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type p2mp[r6]interface tunnel 0/0/0
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type p2mp[r7]interface tunnel 0/0/0
[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf network-type p2mp
【4】使区域0能够获取到其它区域的路由信息
将RIP导入到OSPF
[r12-ospf-1]import-route rip 1
将OSPF2导入到OSPF1 以及
[r9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.4]undo network 172.16.128.0 0.0.3.255
[r9]ospf 2 router-id 9.9.9.9
[r9-ospf-2]area 4
[r9-ospf-2-area-0.0.0.4]network 172.16.128.0 0.0.3.255[r9]ospf 1
[r9-ospf-1]import-route ospf 2
【5】减少LSA更新量
1、域间路由汇总
区域一汇总
[r3]ospf 1
[r3-ospf-1]area 1
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]abr-summary 172.16.32.0 255.255.224.0
[r3]ip route-static 172.16.32.0 255.255.224.0 NULL 0
区域二汇总
[r6]ospf 1
[r6-ospf-1]area 2
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]abr-summary 172.16.64.0 255.255.224.0
[r6]ip route-static 172.16.64.0 255.255.224.0 NULL 0
区域三汇总
[r7]ospf 1
[r7-ospf-1]area 3
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]abr-summary 172.16.96.0 255.255.224.0
[r7]ip route-static 172.16.96.0 255.255.224.0 NULL 0
2、域外路由汇总
[r12-ospf-1]asbr-summary 172.16.160.0 255.255.224.0
[r9-ospf-1]asbr-summary 172.16.128.0 255.255.224.0
[r12]ip route-static 172.16.160.0 255.255.224.0 NULL 0
[r9]ip route-static 172.16.128.0 255.255.224.0 NULL 0
3、特殊区域
区域一配置成完全末梢区域
[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]stub no-summary
区域二配置成完全的非完全末梢区域
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa no-summary
[r11-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa
[r12-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2]nssa
区域三配置成完全的非完全末梢区域
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa no-summary
[r8-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa
[r9-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.3]nssa
[r9-ospf-2]default-route-advertise
【6】加快收敛
[r3]interface tunnel 0/0/0
[r3-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf timer hello 10[r5-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf timer hello 10
[r6-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf timer hello 10
[r7-Tunnel0/0/0]ospf timer hello 10
【7】保障更新安全
[r1]ospf
[r1-ospf-1]area 1
[r1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1]authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123其它设备代码与R1相同,这里不在赘述
【8】所有设备均可访问R4的环回
[r3]acl 2000
[r3-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r3]interface s4/0/0
[r3-Serial4/0/0]nat outbound 2000
[r7]acl 2000
[r7-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r7]interface g0/0/0
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]nat outbound 2000
[r6]acl 2000
[r6-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 172.16.0.0 0.0.255.255
[r6]interface s4/0/0
[r6-Serial4/0/0]nat outbound 2000
四、测试结果