你该知道的7种单例模式

七种单例模式：
懒汉式（线程不安全）
//不推荐
public class Singleton{
private static Singleton instance;
private Singleton();

  public static Singleton getInstance(){
        if(instance == null){
              instance = new Singleton();
        }
        return this.instance;
  }

}

懒汉式（线程安全）
//不推荐
public class Singleton(){
private static Singleton instance;
private Singleton();

  public static synchronized Singleton getInstance(){
        if(instance == null){
              instance = new Singleton();
        }
        return this.instance;
  }

}

饿汉式
public class Singleton{
private static Singleton instance = new Singleton();
private Singleton();

  public static Singleton getInstance(){
        return this.instance;
  }

}

饿汉式（变种）
public class Singleton{
private Singleton instance = null;
static {
instance = new Singleton();
}
private Singleton(){}

  public static Singleton getInstance(){
        return this.instance;
  }

}

静态内部类
//较推荐
//采用这种方式的好处是，当Singleton类被装载时，内部类SingletonHolder不一定被初始化，因为没有显式的调用getInstance()方法。
public class Singleton(){
private static class SingletonHolder(){
private static final Singleton INSTANCE = new Singleton();
}

  private Singleton(){}

  public static final Singleton getInstance(){
        return SingletonHolder.INSTANCE;
  }

}

枚举
//目前最好的单例实现方式，因为枚举底层已经实现，所以代码非常简练，而且可以避免反序列化重新创建对象和多线程同步的问题
public enum Singleton{
INSTANCE;
public void watheverMethed(){}
}

双重校验锁
//比较推荐的方式
public class Singleton{
private volatile static Singleton instance; //被volatile修饰的变量可以保证其可见性（若值改变，其它线程立即可见，避免脏读）
private Singleton(){}

  public static Singleton getInstance(){
        if(instance == null){
              synchronized(Singleton.class){
                    if(instance == null){
                          instance = new Singleton();
                    }
              }
        }
        return this.instance;
  }

}