静态路由练习

设计思路

现在需要对192.168.1.0做一个子网划分，现在数可以数出来14个网段，就需要借位，借4位，因为是2的4次方等于16，大于14个网段，所以需要借4位，但是这道题的要求是尽可能的减少路由表的条目，所以需要做个子网汇总，现在把每个路由器上的俩个回环看成一个网段，然后把所有骨干链路看成一个网段，那么现在只需要4+1=5个网段，5个网段的话借位只需要借3位就好了

实施步骤

1.划分网段

192.168.1.0 24

192.168.1.0 27

192.168.1.32 27

192.168.1.64 27

192.168.1.96 27

192.168.1.128 27

192.168.1.160 27

192.168.1.192 27

192.168.1.224 27

在这8个里面任选5个网段完成地址规划

骨干链路

192.168.1.0 27

分5条网段出来

192.168.1.0 30

192.168.1.4 30

192.168.1.8 30

192.168.1.12 30

192.168.1.16 30

R1

192.168.1.32 27

再次对R1子网划分给俩个回环划

192.168.1.32 28

192.168.1.48 28

R2

192.168.1.64 27

再次对R2子网划分给俩个回环划

192.168.1.64 28

192.168.1.80 28

R3

192.168.1.96 27

再次对R3子网划分给俩个回环划

192.168.1.96 28

192.168.1.112 28

R4

192.168.1.128 27

再次对R4子网划分给俩个回环划

192.168.1.128 28

192.168.1.144 28

2.连接各个部位，并搭建回环IP和每台路由器的接口IP

R1

接口IP

interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0

ip address 192.168.1.1 30

interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1

ip address 192.168.1.9 30

环回IP

interface LoopBack0

ip address 192.168.1.33 28

interface LoopBack1

ip address 192.168.1.49 28

R2

设置接口IP

interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0

ip address 192.168.1.2 30

interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1

ip address 192.168.1.5 30

设置环回IP

interface LoopBack0

ip address 192.168.1.65 28

interface LoopBack1

ip address 192.168.1.81 28

R3

设置接口IP

interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0

ip address 192.168.1.10 30

interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1

ip address 192.168.1.13 30

设置环回IP

interface LoopBack0

ip address 192.168.1.97 28

interface LoopBack1

 ip address 192.168.1.113 28

R4

设置接口IP

interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0

ip address 192.168.1.6 30

interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1

ip address 192.168.1.14 30

interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2

ip address 192.168.1.17 30

interface GigabitEthernet4/0/0

ip address 192.168.1.121 30

设置环回IP

interface LoopBack0

 ip address 192.168.1.129 28

interface LoopBack1

ip address 192.168.1.145 28

R5

设置接口IP

interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0

ip address 192.168.1.18 30

interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1

ip address 192.168.1.22 30

设置环回IP

interface LoopBack0

ip address 5.5.5.5 24

interface LoopBack1

ip address 6.6.6.6 24

3.设置静态

设置往右的的缺省并且配置负载均衡

ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.1.1

ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.1.5

设置骨干网络的空接口

ip route-static 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.224 NULL0

设置指向骨干网络的路由

ip route-static 192.168.1.8 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.5

ip route-static 192.168.1.12 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.1

ip route-static 192.168.1.16 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.1

ip route-static 192.168.1.16 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.5

ip route-static 192.168.1.20 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.5

ip route-static 192.168.1.20 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.1

ip route-static 192.168.1.24 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.1

ip route-static 192.168.1.24 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.5

设置指向R1的路由

ip route-static 192.168.1.32 255.255.255.224 192.168.1.2

设置环回地址的空接口

ip route-static 192.168.1.32 255.255.255.224 NULL0

路由器R2

设置指定右边的缺省

ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.1.14

设置指向骨干网络的路由

ip route-static 192.168.1.4 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.2

ip route-static 192.168.1.8 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.14

设置指向R2的负载均衡

ip route-static 192.168.1.96 255.255.255.224 192.168.1.14

ip route-static 192.168.1.96 255.255.255.224 192.168.1.2

设置环回地址的空接口

ip route-static 192.168.1.64 255.255.255.224 NULL0

路由器R3

设置指定右边的缺省

ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.1.10

设置指向骨干网络的路由

ip route-static 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.6

ip route-static 192.168.1.12 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.10

设置环回地址的空接口

ip route-static 192.168.1.96 255.255.255.224 NULL0

设置指向R1的路由

ip route-static 192.168.1.32 255.255.255.224 192.168.1.6

设置指向R2的负载均衡

ip route-static 192.168.1.64 255.255.255.224 192.168.1.10

ip route-static 192.168.1.64 255.255.255.224 192.168.1.6

设置dhcp

dhcp enable

ip pool n1

gateway-list 192.168.1.113

network 192.168.1.112 mask 255.255.255.240

dns-list 8.8.8.8 114.114.114.114

在2号口开启dhcp

dhcp select global

路由器R4

设置往右的缺省并且配置浮动路由

ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.1.17

ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.1.21 preference 61

设置骨干网络的空接口

ip route-static 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.224 NULL0

设置指向骨干网络的路由并且配置浮动路由

ip route-static 192.168.1.24 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.17

ip route-static 192.168.1.24 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.21 preference 61

设置指向路由器R1的路由

ip route-static 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.13

ip route-static 192.168.1.4 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.9

设置指向路由器R1的载均衡

ip route-static 192.168.1.32 255.255.255.224 192.168.1.13

ip route-static 192.168.1.32 255.255.255.224 192.168.1.9

设置指向路由器R2的路由

ip route-static 192.168.1.64 255.255.255.224 192.168.1.13

设置指向路由器R3的路由

ip route-static 192.168.1.96 255.255.255.224 192.168.1.9

设置环回地址的空接口

ip route-static 192.168.1.128 255.255.255.224 NULL0

路由器R5

设置往右的缺省

ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 192.168.1.26

ip route-static 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.22 preference 61

ip route-static 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.18

ip route-static 192.168.1.4 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.18

ip route-static 192.168.1.4 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.22 preference 61

ip route-static 192.168.1.8 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.18

ip route-static 192.168.1.8 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.22 preference 61

ip route-static 192.168.1.12 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.18

ip route-static 192.168.1.12 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.22 preference 61

效果