移动构造函数、移动赋值构造函数、右值引用、构造函数、复制构造函数、拷贝赋值构造函数举例

#include <iostream>
#include <memory>
#include <string.h>
class Test
{
   
private:

   Test(const Test &rhs)
{
    number = rhs.number;
	m_p = new char[number];

    memcpy(m_p,rhs.m_p,number);
	std::cout << "复制构造" << std::endl;
}


   Test& operator =(const Test &rhs)
{
	this->number = rhs.number;
   	memcpy(m_p,rhs.m_p,number);
	return *this;
    std::cout << "赋值构造" << std::endl;
}

public:
Test(Test &&rhs):number(rhs.number),m_p(rhs.m_p)
{
	rhs.m_p = nullptr;
	rhs.number = 0;
	std::cout << "移动构造" << std::endl;
}

Test &operator =(Test && rhs)
{
	number = rhs.number;
    m_p = rhs.m_p;
	rhs.number = 0;
	rhs.m_p = nullptr;

	std::cout << "移动赋值构造" << std::endl;

	return *this;

}

   Test(int num):number(num)
{
	m_p = new char[number];
	
	std::cout << "构造" << std::endl;
    
}


   int number = 0;

   char* m_p;
 
};
 
 
/*void dowork( std::unique_ptr<Test> &&p){
    
	//std::unique_ptr<Test> aa = std::move(p);

	//std::unique_ptr<Test> aa = std::move(p);
    p->number = 9;
    std::cout << "Hello, dowork! => " <<  p.get() << std::endl;
}*/


void dowork(Test &&p){
    
	//std::unique_ptr<Test> aa = std::move(p);

	//std::unique_ptr<Test> aa = std::move(p);
    //p.number = 9;
    

    Test ss = std::move(p);  //转移了所有权

    std::cout << "Hello, dowork! => " << ss.number << std::endl;
}
 
int main() {
    std::cout << "Hello, World!" << std::endl;
    //std::unique_ptr<Test> p(new Test());

    //Test *p = new Test();
	Test p(9);
    
    dowork(std::move(p)); //转换成右值参数传入函数中

    
    std::cout << "p in main =>" <<   "  " <<p.number << std::endl; 

	//Test q(9);
	auto fun = [&p]mutable{      //引用传递的情况下，引入lambda表达式，  无法进行值传递，因为该类禁止了复制构造函数
	    Test pp = std::move(p);  //转移了所有权。
	};  

    fun();

	int xx = 9;
    int xxx = std::move(xx);
	std::cout << "xx =>" <<   "  " <<xx << xxx << std::endl;  //原子类型用右值引用没有意义

    std::unique_ptr<int> pInt(new int(5));

	std::unique_ptr<int> pInt2 = std::move(pInt); //转移所有权

	//std::cout << *pInt << std::endl; //出错，pInt为空

	std::cout << *pInt2 << std::endl;

 	std::unique_ptr<int> pInt3(std::move(pInt2));  //转移所有权

    std::cout << *pInt3 << std::endl;

    
    return 0;
}