Dock之镜像

六、Dock之镜像

1、镜像简介

#  镜像是一个Docker的可执行文件，其中包括运行应用程序所需的所有代码内容、依赖库、环境变量和配置文件等。

#  通过镜像可以创建一个或多个容器。

2、镜像的管理

2、1镜像启动、查看-docker search

systemctl start docker  # 启动docker
systemctl restart docker  # 重启docker
systemctl status docker  # 查看docker的运行状态
systemctl enable docker  # 设置开机启动docker
docker version  # 查看当前版本

Client: Docker Engine - Community
 Version:           19.03.12
 API version:       1.40
 Go version:        go1.13.10
 Git commit:        48a66213fe
 Built:             Mon Jun 22 15:46:54 2020
 OS/Arch:           linux/amd64
 Experimental:      false

Server: Docker Engine - Community
 Engine:
  Version:          19.03.12
  API version:      1.40 (minimum version 1.12)
  Go version:       go1.13.10
  Git commit:       48a66213fe
  Built:            Mon Jun 22 15:45:28 2020
  OS/Arch:          linux/amd64
  Experimental:     false
 containerd:
  Version:          1.2.13
  GitCommit:        7ad184331fa3e55e52b890ea95e65ba581ae3429
 runc:
  Version:          1.0.0-rc10
  GitCommit:        dc9208a3303feef5b3839f4323d9beb36df0a9dd
 docker-init:
  Version:          0.18.0
  GitCommit:        fec3683

2、2 镜像搜索-docker search

# 作用：
	搜索Docker Hub(镜像仓库)上的镜像
# 命令格式：
	docker search [OPTIONS] TERM
# 命令参数(OPTIONS)：
	-f,  --filter filter   	
	     --format string   	
	     --limit int       	
	     --no-trunc        	
        
 #  命令演示
docker search mysql  # 查看MySQL镜像


NAME                              DESCRIPTION                                     STARS               OFFICIAL            AUTOMATED
mysql                             MySQL is a widely used, open-source relation…   9973                [OK]                
mariadb                           MariaDB is a community-developed fork of MyS…   3649                [OK]                
mysql/mysql-server                Optimized MySQL Server Docker images. Create…   727                                     [OK]
percona                           Percona Server is a fork of the MySQL relati…   509                 [OK]                
centos/mysql-57-centos7           MySQL 5.7 SQL database server                   83                                      
mysql/mysql-cluster               Experimental MySQL Cluster Docker images. Cr…   75                                      
centurylink/mysql                 Image containing mysql. Optimized to be link…   61                                      [OK]
bitnami/mysql                     Bitnami MySQL Docker Image                      45                                      [OK]
deitch/mysql-backup               REPLACED! Please use http://hub.docker.com/r…   41                                      [OK]
tutum/mysql                       Base docker image to run a MySQL database se…   35                                      
prom/mysqld-exporter                                                              31                                      [OK]
schickling/mysql-backup-s3        Backup MySQL to S3 (supports periodic backup…   30                                      [OK]
databack/mysql-backup             Back up mysql databases to... anywhere!         30                                      
linuxserver/mysql                 A Mysql container, brought to you by LinuxSe…   26                                      
centos/mysql-56-centos7           MySQL 5.6 SQL database server                   20                                      
circleci/mysql                    MySQL is a widely used, open-source relation…   19                                      
mysql/mysql-router                MySQL Router provides transparent routing be…   16                                      
arey/mysql-client                 Run a MySQL client from a docker container      14                                      [OK]
fradelg/mysql-cron-backup         MySQL/MariaDB database backup using cron tas…   8                                       [OK]
openshift/mysql-55-centos7        DEPRECATED: A Centos7 based MySQL v5.5 image…   6                                       
devilbox/mysql                    Retagged MySQL, MariaDB and PerconaDB offici…   3                                       
ansibleplaybookbundle/mysql-apb   An APB which deploys RHSCL MySQL                2                                       [OK]
widdpim/mysql-client              Dockerized MySQL Client (5.7) including Curl…   1                                       [OK]
jelastic/mysql                    An image of the MySQL database server mainta…   1                                       
monasca/mysql-init                A minimal decoupled init container for mysql    0   


NAME:指的是镜像的名称
DESCRIPTION:指的是镜像
STARS:指的是评分的高低
OFFICIAL:指的是是否是官方的版本
AUTOMATED:是否是自动的
                                    

2、3镜像查看 - docker images/docker image ls

# 作用：
	列出本地镜像
# 命令格式：
	docker images [OPTIONS] [REPOSITORY[:TAG]]  
     或者  docker image ls [OPTIONS] [REPOSITORY[:TAG]]
# 命令参数(OPTIONS)：	
	-a, --all             		展示所有镜像 (默认隐藏底层的镜像)
	--no-trunc        	不缩略显示
	-q, --quiet           	只显示镜像ID
# 命令演示：
docker images -q  # 只查看ID
docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
centos              latest              0d120b6ccaa8        5 weeks ago         215MB


tag：这里指的是镜像的版本号，下载镜像时，不指定版本默认是最新版本

2.4 镜像下载 - docker pull

# 作用：
	下载远程仓库（如Docker Hub）中的镜像
# 命令格式：
	docker pull [OPTIONS] NAME[:TAG|@DIGEST]
# 命令参数(OPTIONS)：
	-a, --all-tags               	下载所有符合给定tag的镜像
# 命令演示：
docker pull mysql

Using default tag: latest
latest: Pulling from library/mysql
d121f8d1c412: Pull complete 
f3cebc0b4691: Pull complete 
1862755a0b37: Pull complete 
489b44f3dbb4: Pull complete 
690874f836db: Pull complete 
baa8be383ffb: Pull complete 
55356608b4ac: Pull complete 
dd35ceccb6eb: Pull complete 
429b35712b19: Pull complete 
162d8291095c: Pull complete 
5e500ef7181b: Pull complete 
af7528e958b6: Pull complete 
Digest: sha256:e1bfe11693ed2052cb3b4e5fa356c65381129e87e38551c6cd6ec532ebe0e808
Status: Downloaded newer image for mysql:latest
docker.io/library/mysql:latest


下载完成后查看当前已有镜像
docker images

REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
mysql               latest              e1d7dc9731da        9 days ago          544MB
centos              latest              0d120b6ccaa8        5 weeks ago         215MB

2.5 镜像删除 - docker rmi/docker image rm

# 作用：
	将本地的一个或多个镜像删除
# 命令格式：
	docker rmi [OPTIONS] IMAGE [IMAGE...]
     或者  docker image rm [OPTIONS] IMAGE [IMAGE...]
# 命令参数(OPTIONS)：	
	-f, --force      		强制删除
# 命令演示：
docker rmi mysql

Untagged: mysql:latest
Untagged: mysql@sha256:e1bfe11693ed2052cb3b4e5fa356c65381129e87e38551c6cd6ec532ebe0e808
Deleted: sha256:e1d7dc9731daa2c79858307d65ef35f543daf97457b9c11b681f78bb86f7a158
Deleted: sha256:303dd82484b7080d07af8ab7f383755d8b4d723a2ade8c2e3a516ae59fbc1d63
Deleted: sha256:6346e1a264e283de286e399bc798b8e6a910176180aa1ef1acc54dbace18111a
Deleted: sha256:6c7a3d83131ddf3414e34e14826cbfb8f01a6d6486cd41d9a7a2bcc84350b4f0
Deleted: sha256:79b91792bcadd6668ab861a83623dedcc38574c5f033d2f8336671588a1c4de0
Deleted: sha256:00bdff03938c98e1fee710e8c447a1c30e7365859dd28e2a166792d7cd343fa9
Deleted: sha256:3fc742b087b51753835895403bd70b649bf2e4e32c5eb5f2f15c2b7d22409964
Deleted: sha256:00d53c8dcb5c8fd12fbfd2b3b25afcbc3a044e73f1fd395af231f86827238fcf
Deleted: sha256:007d9a78de83bec432afb0e4e847072a6943e853456fe21b70488d25c1c96bf4
Deleted: sha256:31fd54b7e8a4e80375cbfd9ead44c37e0ee03d8c4ca7ace27cc1896e9d40e2a2
Deleted: sha256:22d626b2851ecf92af46f616ce1ff0ef0879ef23b68be2fb92be3311f2308763
Deleted: sha256:5da80bf7a61d70d69c153f015cd2a5aa96594f36f3835ef6dbcd4da41da374f2
Deleted: sha256:07cab433985205f29909739f511777a810f4a9aff486355b71308bb654cdc868