CentOS的一些常用配置工作

更换源

备份

首先备份/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo

mv /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.backup

下载REPO

下载对应版本repo文件, 放入/etc/yum.repos.d/（操作前请做好相应备份）

#Centos7:
wget -P /etc/yum.repos.d http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS7-Base-163.repo
#Centos6:
wget -P /etc/yum.repos.d http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS6-Base-163.repo
#Centos5:
wget -P /etc/yum.repos.d http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS5-Base-163.repo

运行以下命令生成缓存

yum clean all
yum makecache

---

安装Debuginfo

在做GDB调试的时候，出现这样一个提示：

''Missing separate debuginfos, use: debuginfo-install cyrus-sasl-lib-2.1.26-20.el7_2.x86_64 glibc-2.17-106.el7_2.8.x86_64 keyutils-libs-1.5.8-3.el7.x86_64 krb5-libs-1.13.2-12.el7_2.x86_64 libcom_err-1.42.9-7.el7.x86_64 libcurl-7.29.0-25.el7.centos.x86_64 libgcc-4.8.5-4.el7.x86_64 libidn-1.28-4.el7.x86_64 libselinux-2.2.2-6.el7.x86_64 libssh2-1.4.3-10.el7_2.1.x86_64 libstdc++-4.8.5-4.el7.x86_64 libuuid-2.23.2-26.el7_2.3.x86_64 nspr-4.11.0-1.el7_2.x86_64 nss-3.21.0-9.el7_2.x86_64 nss-softokn-freebl-3.16.2.3-14.2.el7_2.x86_64 nss-util-3.21.0-2.2.el7_2.x86_64 openldap-2.4.40-9.el7_2.x86_64 openssl-libs-1.0.1e-51.el7_2.7.x86_64 pcre-8.32-15.el7_2.1.x86_64 xz-libs-5.1.2-12alpha.el7.x86_64 zlib-1.2.7-15.el7.x86_6''

直接执行debuginfo-install提示命令不存在。

安装debuginfo相关的包步骤如下：

1. 修改文件/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Debuginfo.repo中的enabled参数，将其值修改为1

2. 使用命令：

   yum install nss-softokn-debuginfo –nogpgcheck
   yum install yum-utils
   

3. 执行’‘debuginfo-install’'命令：

   debuginfo-install cyrus-sasl-lib-2.1.26-20.el7_2.x86_64 glibc-2.17-106.el7_2.8.x86_64 keyutils-libs-1.5.8-3.el7.x86_64 krb5-libs-1.13.2-12.el7_2.x86_64 libcom_err-1.42.9-7.el7.x86_64 libcurl-7.29.0-25.el7.centos.x86_64 libgcc-4.8.5-4.el7.x86_64 libidn-1.28-4.el7.x86_64 libselinux-2.2.2-6.el7.x86_64 libssh2-1.4.3-10.el7_2.1.x86_64 libstdc++-4.8.5-4.el7.x86_64 libuuid-2.23.2-26.el7_2.3.x86_64 nspr-4.11.0-1.el7_2.x86_64 nss-3.21.0-9.el7_2.x86_64 nss-softokn-freebl-3.16.2.3-14.2.el7_2.x86_64 nss-util-3.21.0-2.2.el7_2.x86_64 openldap-2.4.40-9.el7_2.x86_64 openssl-libs-1.0.1e-51.el7_2.7.x86_64 pcre-8.32-15.el7_2.1.x86_64 xz-libs-5.1.2-12alpha.el7.x86_64 zlib-1.2.7-15.el7.x86_6
   

---

Git编译出问题

Git依赖zlib-devel，openssl-devel，perl，cpio，expat-devel，gettext-devel这些包，如果出错基本上也是这些包造成的。我在安装时出现了如下错误：

出现错误一

usr/bin/perl Makefile.PL PREFIX='/usr/local/git' IsNSTALL_BASE='' --localedir='/usr/local/git/share/locale'
Can't locate ExtUtils/MakeMaker.pm in @INC (@INC contains: /usr/local/lib64/perl5 /usr/local/share/perl5 /usr/lib64/perl5/vendor_perl /usr/share/perl5/vendor_perl /usr/lib64/perl5 /usr/share/perl5 .) at Makefile.PL line 3.
BEGIN failed--compilation aborted at Makefile.PL line 3.
make[1]: *** [perl.mak] Error 2
make: *** [perl/perl.mak] Error 2

执行：

yum install perl-ExtUtils-MakeMaker package.

行进安装即可。

出现错误二

 /bin/sh: msgfmt: command not found

执行：

yum install gettext-devel

---

CentOS-6.6编译GCC-4.8出现问题

需要对gcc/doc/gcc.texi打补丁，PATCH文件如下：

--- ./gcc/doc/gcc.texi.orig	2017-03-01 19:54:49.000000000 -0800
+++ ./gcc/doc/gcc.texi	2017-03-01 19:55:23.000000000 -0800
@@ -85,9 +85,15 @@
 @item GNU Press
 @tab Website: www.gnupress.org
 @item a division of the
-@tab General: @tex press@@gnu.org @end tex
+@tab General:
+@tex
+press@@gnu.org
+@end tex
 @item Free Software Foundation
-@tab Orders:  @tex sales@@gnu.org @end tex
+@tab Orders:  
+@tex
+sales@@gnu.org
+@end tex
 @item 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor
 @tab Tel 617-542-5942
 @item Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA