C++实现线性方程组求根，包括读取方程组系数文本文件、线性方程组求根运算、方程组的根写入文本文件

本文使用Visual Studio2022 版本 运用blitz和Qt库运行。

先介绍blitz路径设置方法：

1、blitz_gcc_test 链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1MNDU6XUP5N2Mgk2XeJuZfw 
                              提取码：yieu

2、blitz路径设置：右击项目名称选择属性

选择C++目录中的包含目录

复制blitz文件路径后添加确定即可

3、Qt下载及环境设置教程：

先点击拓展—>管理拓展——>联机——>搜索qt下载安装（下载时关闭软件）

 qmake安装包    链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1CaDywvqcEkuy30ugWZUbWw 
                          提取码：dxzi

安装之后点击拓展——>qt vs tools——>options——>versions添加qmake路径到文件

 添加qmake路径到文件

复制qmake文件路径，点击我的电脑——>属性——>高级系统设置——>环境变量——>系统变量——>path（双击）——>把qmake路径粘贴后确定 环境配置完成 

5、代码

注意设置读写文件路径 
 

#include <QtCore/QCoreApplication>
#include <blitz/array.h>
#include <Qtcore/QFile>
#include <QTextStream> 
#include <fstream>
using namespace blitz;

void getRowColumnCount(const QString filename, int* rowCount, int* columnCount) {
    QFile file(filename);
    file.open(QIODevice::ReadOnly | QIODevice::Text);
    *rowCount = 0;
    QTextStream in(&file);
    while (!in.atEnd()) {
        QString line = in.readLine();
        (*rowCount)++;
    }
    file.seek(0);
    QString line = in.readLine();
    line.replace(",","  ");
    QStringList list = line.split(QRegExp("\\s+"));
    *columnCount = list.size();
}

void readFile(const QString filename, int rowCount, int columnCount, Array<double, 2> a) {
	QFile file(filename);
	file.open(QIODevice::ReadOnly | QIODevice::Text);
	QTextStream in(&file);
	for (int i = 0; i < rowCount; i++)
	{
		QString line = in.readLine();
		line.replace(",", " ");
		QStringList list = line.split(QRegExp("\\s+"));
		for (int j = 0; j < columnCount; j++)
		{
			a(i, j) = list[j].toDouble();
		}
	}
}

void writeFile(const char filename[], double* x, int n) {
	ofstream outfile(filename, ios::out);
	for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
	{
		outfile <<*(x + i) ;
		outfile << endl;
	}
	outfile.close();
}

void LDL(int n, double* a, double* b, double* x)//LDL法，参数依次：阶数 系数矩阵a 常数矩阵b 
{
	double* U = new double[n * n];
	double* y = new double[n];
	double* z = new double[n];
	double* L = new double[n * n];
	double* D = new double[n];
	for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)//用LU先算出L U
	{
		for (int j = 0; j < n; j++)
		{
			*(U + i * n + j) = 0;//暂时全部赋值为0
			if (i == j)
			{
				*(L + i * n + j) = 1;//对角线赋值为1
			}
			else
			{
				*(L + i * n + j) = 0;//其他暂时赋值为0
			}
		}
	}

	for (int k = 0; k < n; k++)//计算u和l矩阵的值
	{
		for (int j = k; j < n; j++)
		{
			*(U + k * n + j) = *(a + k * n + j);//第一行
			for (int r = 0; r < k; r++)//接下来由L的前一列算u的下一行
			{
				*(U + k * n + j) = *(U + k * n + j) - (*(L + k * n + r) * (*(U + r * n + j)));
			}
		}
		for (int i = k + 1; i < n; i++)//计算L的列
		{
			*(L + i * n + k) = *(a + i * n + k);
			for (int r = 0; r < k; r++)
			{
				*(L + i * n + k) = *(L + i * n + k) - (*(L + i * n + r) * (*(U + r * n + k)));
			}
			*(L + i * n + k) = *(L + i * n + k) / (*(U + k * n + k));
		}
	}

	for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)//把D赋值
	{
		*(D + i) = *(U + i * n + i);
	}

	for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)//由Lz=b算z
	{
		*(z + i) = *(b + i);
		for (int j = 0; j < i; j++)
		{
			*(z + i) = *(z + i) - *(L + i * n + j) * (*(z + j));

		}
	}

	for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)//算y
	{
		*(y + i) = *(z + i) / (*(D + i));
	}

	double* temp = new double[n * n];
	for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)//这里实现对L的转置
	{
		for (int j = 0; j < n; j++)
		{
			*(temp + i * n + j) = *(L + j * n + i);
		}

	}
	for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
	{
		for (int j = 0; j < n; j++)
		{
			*(L + i * n + j) = *(temp + i * n + j);
		}

	}
	delete[]temp;//释放

	for (int i = n - 1; i >= 0; i--)//最后算x
	{
		*(x + i) = *(y + i);
		for (int j = i + 1; j < n; j++)
		{
			*(x + i) = *(x + i) - *(L + i * n + j) * (*(x + j));
		}
	}
	for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
	{
		cout << "解为：\n";
		cout << *(x + i) << endl;
	}
	delete[]U;
	delete[]y;
	delete[]z;
	delete[]L;
	delete[]D;
}

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    int rowCount;
    int columnCount;
	char rfilename[] = "d:/a.txt";
	char wfilename[] = "d:/x_cpp.txt";
    getRowColumnCount(rfilename, &rowCount, &columnCount);
	Array<double, 2> a(rowCount, columnCount);
	readFile(rfilename, rowCount, columnCount, a);
    std::cout << a;

    double A[2*2];
    double b[2];
    int k = 0;
	for (int i = 0; i < rowCount; i++)
	{
		for (int j = 0; j < columnCount-1; j++)
		{
			A[k] = (double)a(i, j);
            k++;
		}
        b[i] = (double)a(i, columnCount - 1);
	}
	double* x = new double[rowCount];
    LDL(rowCount, A, b, x);
	writeFile(wfilename, x, rowCount);
    return 0;
}