MyBatis框架中元素解析
1. MyBatis的核心配置文件
1.1 名称-：我们可以自己定义，推荐大家使用 (mybatis-config.xml)
1.2 位置：IntelliJ IDEA中通过Maven创建项目，一般都保存在src/main/resources目录下。
1.3 文件中的配置元素及其属性
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
上面表示xml文件的文件头,说明MyBatis的核心配置文件是一个xml文件。
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
上面是引入MyBatis配置文件的格式。原本在xml文件中出现的标记，我们可以自己定义，但是引入这个MyBatis配置文件的格式之后，我们就不能在xml文件中自己定义标记了，只能使用MyBatis配置文件的格式提供默认的一组标记。
<configuration></configuration>
上面是MyBatis配置文件的格式提供的MyBatis核心配置文件的根元素。
<!-- 配置引入数据库链接字符串的资源文件 -->
<properties resource="mydata.properties"></properties>
<typeAliases>
<typeAlias type="com.qing.bean.StudentBean"></typeAlias>
</typeAliases>
上面是配置默认别名,直接在SQL映射文件使用默认别名,不区分大小写
<!-- 配置mybatis默认的连接数据库的环境 -->
<environments default="development">
<environment id="development">
<!-- 配置事务管理器 -->
<transactionManager type="JDBC"></transactionManager>
上面指明数据库连接环境的事务管理器。它有一个type属性，这个属性的取值就决定了事务管理由谁去操作。
JDBC这个配置就是直接使用了 JDBC 的提交和回滚设置，它依赖于从数据源得到的连接来管理事务作用域。
<!-- 配置数据源 -->
<dataSource type="POOLED">
POOLED这种数据源的实现利用“池”的概念将 JDBC 连接对象组织起来，避免了创建新的连接实例时所必需的初始化和认证时间。 这是一种 使得并发 Web 应用快速响应请求的流行处理方式。
<property name="driver" value="${mydriver}"></property>
<property name="url" value="${myurl}"></property>
<property name="username" value="${myusername}"></property>
<property name="password" value="${mypassword}"></property>
上面指明数据库连接环境的数据源配置 (数据库驱动、URL、用户名、密码)
</dataSource>
</environment>
</environments>
<!--注册数据访问接口-->
<mappers>
<mapper resource="StudentMapper.xml"></mapper>
</mappers>
上面配置数据访问接口对应的sql映射文件路径/地址的。
</configuration>
2.Sql映射文件 (Mapper文件)
2.1 名称： (与数据访问接口名称一样，后缀名”.xml”)
2.2 位置：与核心配置文件同在src/main/resources下
核心配置文件：
2.3 在src/main/resources下的子文件夹中
核心配置文件:
2.4 在src/main/resources下通过修改工程结构创建的包中 (更新项目)
核心配置文件:
2.5 不在工程中，而是在指定的目录下
核心配置文件:
2.6 文件中的配置元素及其属性
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
上面表示xml文件的文件头,说明MyBatis的核心配置文件是一个xml文件。
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
上面引入SQL映射文件的格式。原本在xml文件中出现的标记，我们可以自己定义，但是引入这个SQL映射文件的格式之后，我们就不能在xml文件中自己定义标记了，只能使用SQL映射文件的格式提供默认的一组标记。
<mapper namespace="com.qing.mapper.StudentMapper">
上面是sql映射文件的根元素，它有一个namespace属性，这个属性是用来设置数据访问接口的包名+接口名。
<insert id="insertStud" parameterType="StudentBean">
insert into tb_student values (null,#{stuname},#{stupassword},#{stuage},#{stuaddress});
</insert>
</insert>----配置插入数据用的sql语句
id---数据访问接口中添加数据方法的方法名称
parameterType----数据访问接口中添加数据方法的参数类型
<update id="updeteStud" parameterType="StudentBean">
update tb_student set stuname=#{stuname},stupassword=#{stupassword},stuage=#{stuage},
stuaddress=#{stuaddress} where stuid=#{stuid};
</update>
</update>----配置修改数据用的sql语句
id---数据访问接口中修改数据方法的方法名称
parameterType----数据访问接口中修改数据方法的参数类型
<delete id="deleteStud" parameterType="int">
delete from tb_student where stuid=#{stuid};
</delete>
</delete>---配置删除数据用的sql语句
id---数据访问接口中删除数据方法的方法名称
parameterType----数据访问接口中删除数据方法的参数类型
<select id="selectStudId" resultType="StudentBean" >
select * from tb_student where stuid=#{stuid};
</select>
</select>----配置查询数据用的sql语句
id---数据访问接口中查询数据方法的方法名称
parameterType----数据访问接口中查询数据方法的参数类型
<select id="selectStud" resultType="StudentBean">
select * from tb_student;
</select>
</mapper>
如果数据库表字段和java实例类成员变量不一致时，需要配置resultMap,具体配置如下：
resultMap---配置查询的结果类型的元素 (数据库表中的列名称与实体类中的成员变量的名称不同)
resultType--配置查询的结果类型。(数据库表中的列名称与实体类中的成员变量的名称相同)
<resultMap id="studentMap" type="com.qing.bean.StudentBean">
<id column="stu_id" property="stuid"></id>
<result column="stu_name" property="stuname"></result>
<result column="stu_password" property="stupassword"></result>
<result column="stu_age" property="stuage"></result>
<result column="stu_address" property="stuaddress"></result>
</resultMap>
id属性---查询的结果类型的名称,实际上就是select元素中resultMap的属性值
type属性---查询的结果的具体类型【java实体类的类名】
resultMap元素中目前有2类子元素
<id>---配置主键列映射
<result>---配置非主键列映射
column属性----数据库表的列名
property属性---java实体类成员变量的名称。
3. MyBatis的核心配置文件中的typeAliases元素
typeAliases元素—出现在MyBatis的核心配置文件中，给SQL映射文件的数据类型设置别名用的。SQL映射文件的数据类型，insert 元素的参数类型，resultMap元素的types属性等这些地方都需要数据类型。如果我们不设置typeAliases元素，那么SQL映射文件的数据类型就得是包名+类名。
1.一个类一个别名 (默认别名)
MyBatis的核心配置文件
<typeAliases>
<!--默认的别名 [类名 不区分大小写]-->
<typeAlias type="com.qing.bean.StudentBean"></typeAlias>
</typeAliases>
Sql映射文件
<insert id="insertStud" parameterType="StudentBean">
insert into tb_student values (null,#{stuname},#{stupassword},#{stuage},#{stuaddress});
</insert>
<update id="updeteStud" parameterType="StudentBean">
update tb_student set stuname=#{stuname},stupassword=#{stupassword},stuage=#{stuage},
stuaddress=#{stuaddress} where stuid=#{stuid};
</update>
2.一个类一个别名 (指定别名)
<typeAliases>
<typeAlias alias="studentBean" type="com.qing.bean.StudentBean"></typeAlias>
</typeAliases>
Sql映射文件
<resultMap id="studentMap" type="StudentBean">
<id column="stu_id" property="stuid"></id>
<result column="stu_name" property="stuname"></result>
<result column="stu_password" property="stupassword"></result>
<result column="stu_age" property="stuage"></result>
<result column="stu_address" property="stuaddress"></result>
</resultMap>
<select id="selectStudId" parameterType="int" resultMap="studentMap" >
select * from tb_student where stuid=#{stuid};
</select>
3.指定包下的所有类自动生成别名 (类名,不区分大小写)
<typeAliases>
<!--指定包下的所有类自动生成别名 (类名,不区分大小写)-->
<package name="com.qing.bean"/>
</typeAliases>
SQL映射文件
<insert id="insertStud" parameterType="StudentBean">
insert into tb_student values (null,#{stuname},#{stupassword},#{stuage},#{stuaddress});
</insert>
<update id="updeteStud" parameterType="StudentBean">
update tb_student set stuname=#{stuname},stupassword=#{stupassword},stuage=#{stuage},
stuaddress=#{stuaddress} where stuid=#{stuid};
</update>
4. Sql映射文件中的select元素resultType与 resultMap属性的区别 (输出数据就是返回值)
resultType和resultMap都是查询语句执行之后的返回结果的类型表示属性会在sql映射文件中select元素中使用resultType表示的执行完数据库操作之后，返回的结果数据类型。这个结果可以用三种类型数据来处理：简单类型(包含String、封装类)、对象型、HashMap型。
4.1 数据库表中的列名称与实体类中的成员变量的名称相同时，一般设置resultType指定返回的结果数据类型。
数据库表结构：
create table tb_student(
stuid int primary key auto_increment,
stuname varchar(30),
stupassword varchar(20),
stuage int,
stuaddress varchar(30)
);
java实体类：
package com.qing.bean;
public class StudentBean {
private int stuid;
private String stuname;
private String stupassword;
private int stuage;
private String stuaddress;
public int getStuid() {
return stuid;
}
public void setStuid(int stuid) {
this.stuid = stuid;
}
public String getStuname() {
return stuname;
}
public void setStuname(String stuname) {
this.stuname = stuname;
}
public String getStupassword() {
return stupassword;
}
public void setStupassword(String stupassword) {
this.stupassword = stupassword;
}
public int getStuage() {
return stuage;
}
public void setStuage(int stuage) {
this.stuage = stuage;
}
public String getStuaddress() {
return stuaddress;
}
public void setStuaddress(String stuaddress) {
this.stuaddress = stuaddress;
}
}
SQL映射文件：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.qing.mapper.StudentMapper">
<insert id="insertStud" parameterType="StudentBean">
insert into tb_student values (null,#{stuname},#{stupassword},#{stuage},#{stuaddress});
</insert>
<update id="updeteStud" parameterType="StudentBean">
update tb_student set stuname=#{stuname},stupassword=#{stupassword},stuage=#{stuage},
stuaddress=#{stuaddress} where stuid=#{stuid};
</update>
<delete id="deleteStud" parameterType="int">
delete from tb_student where stuid=#{stuid};
</delete>
<select id="selectStudId" resultType="StudentBean" >
select * from tb_student where stuid=#{stuid};
</select>
<select id="selectStud" resultType="StudentBean">
select * from tb_student;
</select>
</mapper>
测试类：
package com.qing.test;
import com.qing.bean.StudentBean;
import com.qing.mapper.StudentMapper;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import java.util.List;
public class TestMain {
/**
* 添加用户信息
*/
public static void insertStudent() {
SqlSession sqlSession = null;
try {
SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(Resources.getResourceAsStream("mybatis-config.xml"));
sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
StudentBean studentBean = new StudentBean();
studentBean.setStuname("寒冬");
studentBean.setStupassword("1212");
studentBean.setStuage(12);
studentBean.setStuaddress("西安");
StudentMapper studentMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(StudentMapper.class);
boolean flag = studentMapper.insertStud(studentBean);
if (flag == true) {
System.out.println("添加成功！！！！！！");
} else {
System.out.println("添加失败!!");
}
sqlSession.commit();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
sqlSession.close();
}
}
/**
* 根据id修改用户信息
*/
public static void updateStudent() {
SqlSession sqlSession = null;
try {
SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(Resources.getResourceAsStream("mybatis-config.xml"));
sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
StudentBean studentBean = new StudentBean();
studentBean.setStuid(14);
studentBean.setStuname("张三");
studentBean.setStupassword("111222");
studentBean.setStuage(121);
studentBean.setStuaddress("北京");
StudentMapper studentMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(StudentMapper.class);
boolean flag = studentMapper.updeteStud(studentBean);
if (flag == true) {
System.out.println("修改成功！！！！！");
} else {
System.out.println("修改失败！！");
}
sqlSession.commit();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
sqlSession.close();
}
}
/**
* 根据id删除用户信息
*/
public static void delectStudent() {
SqlSession sqlSession = null;
try {
SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(Resources.getResourceAsStream("mybatis-config.xml"));
sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
StudentMapper studentMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(StudentMapper.class);
boolean flag = studentMapper.deleteStud(13);
if (flag == true) {
System.out.println("删除成功！！！！！！！");
} else {
System.out.println("删除失败----");
}
sqlSession.commit();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
sqlSession.close();
}
}
/**
* 根据id查询用户信息
*/
public static void selectStudentId() {
SqlSession sqlSession = null;
try {
SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(Resources.getResourceAsStream("mybatis-config.xml"));
sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
StudentMapper studentMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(StudentMapper.class);
StudentBean studentBean = studentMapper.selectStudId(8);
System.out.println(studentBean.getStuid() + "\t" + studentBean.getStuname() + "\t" + studentBean.getStupassword() + "\t" +
studentBean.getStuage() + "\t" + studentBean.getStuaddress());
sqlSession.commit();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
sqlSession.close();
}
}
/**
* 查询所有用户信息
*/
public static void selectStudent() {
SqlSession sqlSession = null;
try {
SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(Resources.getResourceAsStream("mybatis-config.xml"));
sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
StudentMapper studentMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(StudentMapper.class);
List<StudentBean> stulist = studentMapper.selectStud();
for (StudentBean stu : stulist) {
System.out.println(stu.getStuid() + "\t" + stu.getStuname() + "\t" + stu.getStupassword() + "\t" + stu.getStuage() + "\t" + stu.getStuaddress());
}
sqlSession.commit();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
sqlSession.close();
}
}
/**
* 测试增删改查方法
*
* @param args
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
//insertStudent();
//updateStudent();
//delectStudent();
//selectStudentId();
selectStudent();
}
}
4.2 ressultMap表示的执行完数据库操作之后，返回的结果数据类型。
resultMap是mybatis中最重要最强大的元素，使用resultmap可以解决JavaBean的属性名和表字段名不一致的问题。
数据库表结构：
create table tb_student(
stuid int primary key auto_increment,
stuname varchar(30),
stupassword varchar(20),
stuage int,
stuaddress varchar(30)
);
java实体类：
package com.qing.bean;
public class StudentBean {
private int stu_id;
private String stu_name;
private String stu_password;
private int stu_age;
private String stu_address;
public int getStu_id() {
return stu_id;
}
public void setStu_id(int stu_id) {
this.stu_id = stu_id;
}
public String getStu_name() {
return stu_name;
}
public void setStu_name(String stu_name) {
this.stu_name = stu_name;
}
public String getStu_password() {
return stu_password;
}
public void setStu_password(String stu_password) {
this.stu_password = stu_password;
}
public int getStu_age() {
return stu_age;
}
public void setStu_age(int stu_age) {
this.stu_age = stu_age;
}
public String getStu_address() {
return stu_address;
}
public void setStu_address(String stu_address) {
this.stu_address = stu_address;
}
}
SQL映射文件：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.qing.mapper.StudentMapper">
<insert id="insertStud" parameterType="StudentBean">
insert into tb_student values(null,#{stu_name},#{stu_password},#{stu_age},#{stu_address});
</insert>
<update id="updateStud" parameterType="StudentBean">
update tb_student set stuname=#{stu_name},stupassword=#{stu_password},stuage=#{stu_age},stuaddress=#{stu_address} where stuid=#{stu_id};
</update>
<delete id="deleteStud" parameterType="int">
delete from tb_student where stuid=#{stu_id};
</delete>
<resultMap id="studMap" type="com.qing.bean.StudentBean">
<id column="stuid" property="stu_id"></id>
<result column="stuname" property="stu_name"></result>
<result column="stupassword" property="stu_password"></result>
<result column="stuage" property="stu_age"></result>
<result column="stuaddress" property="stu_address"></result>
</resultMap>
<select id="selectStudId" parameterType="int" resultMap="studMap">
select * from tb_student where stuid=#{stuid};
</select>
<select id="selectStud" parameterType="StudentBean" resultMap="studMap">
select * from tb_student;
</select>
</mapper>
测试类：
package com.qing.test;
import com.qing.bean.StudentBean;
import com.qing.mapper.StudentMapper;
import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;
import java.util.List;
public class TestMain {
/**
* 添加用户信息
*/
public static void insertStudent() {
SqlSession sqlSession = null;
try {
SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(Resources.getResourceAsStream("mybatis-config.xml"));
sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
StudentBean studentBean = new StudentBean();
studentBean.setStu_name("蓝鲸");
studentBean.setStu_password("111");
studentBean.setStu_age(1);
studentBean.setStu_address("大海");
StudentMapper studentMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(StudentMapper.class);
studentMapper.insertStud(studentBean);
sqlSession.commit();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
sqlSession.close();
}
}
/**
* 根据id修改用户信息
*/
public static void updateStudent() {
SqlSession sqlSession = null;
try {
SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(Resources.getResourceAsStream("mybatis-config.xml"));
sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
StudentBean studentBean = new StudentBean();
studentBean.setStu_id(7);
studentBean.setStu_name("雄鹰");
studentBean.setStu_password("11111");
studentBean.setStu_age(2);
studentBean.setStu_address("天空");
StudentMapper studentMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(StudentMapper.class);
boolean flag = studentMapper.updateStud(studentBean);
if (flag == true) {
System.out.println("修改成功！！！！！！！！");
} else {
System.out.println("修改失败");
}
sqlSession.commit();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
sqlSession.close();
}
}
/**
* 根据id删除用户信息
*/
public static void deleteStudent() {
SqlSession sqlSession = null;
try {
SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(Resources.getResourceAsStream("mybatis-config.xml"));
sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
StudentMapper studentMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(StudentMapper.class);
boolean flag = studentMapper.deleteStud(8);
if (flag == true) {
System.out.println("删除成功！！！！！！！！");
} else {
System.out.println("删除失败");
}
sqlSession.commit();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
sqlSession.close();
}
}
/**
* 根据id查询用户信息
*/
public static void selectStudentId() {
SqlSession sqlSession = null;
try {
SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(Resources.getResourceAsStream("mybatis-config.xml"));
sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
StudentMapper studentMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(StudentMapper.class);
StudentBean stu = studentMapper.selectStudId(6);
System.out.println(stu.getStu_id() + "\t" + stu.getStu_name() + "\t" + stu.getStu_address());
sqlSession.commit();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
sqlSession.close();
}
}
/**
* 查询所有用户信息
*/
public static void selectStudent() {
SqlSession sqlSession = null;
try {
SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(Resources.getResourceAsStream("mybatis-config.xml"));
sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
StudentMapper studentMapper = sqlSession.getMapper(StudentMapper.class);
List<StudentBean> stulist = studentMapper.selectStud();
for (StudentBean stu : stulist) {
System.out.println(stu.getStu_id() + "\t" + stu.getStu_name() + "\t" + stu.getStu_address());
}
sqlSession.commit();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
sqlSession.close();
}
}
/**
* 测试增删改查方法
*
* @param args
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
//insertStudent();
//updateStudent();
//deleteStudent();
//selectStudentId();
selectStudent();
}
}
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