Python import报错，pip --upgrade报错：ERROR: Cannot uninstall ‘dnspython‘. It is a distutils installed

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本文记录了在安装dnspython模块过程中遇到的错误及其解决步骤，包括使用pip升级失败、手动卸载及最终成功安装的过程。

背景：
今天使用包的方式安装模块 dnspython

[root@makel ~] wget http://www.dnspython.org/kits/1.9.4/dnspython-1.9.4.tar.gz
[root@makel ~] tar -xvf dnspython-1.9.4.tar.gz
[root@makel ~] cd dnspython-1.9.4/
[root@makel dnspython-1.9.4] python3 setup.py install

解决过程
1.进入python，import报错（发现问题）

[root@makel ~] python3
Python 3.8.5 (default, Nov  7 2021, 21:47:38) 
[GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-44)] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import dns.resolver
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/dns/resolver.py", line 26, in <module>
    import dns.message
  File "/usr/local/python3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/dns/message.py", line 175
    return '<DNS message, ID ' + `self.id` + '>'
                                 ^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax

2.升级试试（–upgrade），发现还是不行，装不上

[root@makel ~] pip3 install dnspython --upgrade
Looking in indexes: https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple
Requirement already satisfied: dnspython in /usr/local/python3/lib/python3.8/site-packages (1.9.4)
Collecting dnspython
  Downloading https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/packages/f5/2d/ae9e172b4e5e72fa4b3cfc2517f38b602cc9ba31355f9669c502b4e9c458/dnspython-2.1.0-py3-none-any.whl (241 kB)
     |████████████████████████████████| 241 kB 898 kB/s            
Installing collected packages: dnspython
  Attempting uninstall: dnspython
    Found existing installation: dnspython 1.9.4
ERROR: Cannot uninstall 'dnspython'. It is a distutils installed project and thus we cannot accurately determine which files belong to it which would lead to only a partial uninstall.

3.尝试卸载，出现新的错误

[root@makel ~] pip3 uninstall dnspython
Found existing installation: dnspython 1.9.4
ERROR: Cannot uninstall 'dnspython'. It is a distutils installed project and thus we cannot accurately determine which files belong to it which would lead to only a partial uninstall.

4.命令卸不了，那就手动删除文件

[root@makel ~] cd /usr/local/python3  #到安装python的目录
[root@makel python3] find ./-name "*package*"  #模糊搜索package
./lib/python3.8/site-packages
./lib/python3.8/site-packages/setuptools/package_index.py
./lib/python3.8/site-packages/setuptools/__pycache__/package_index.cpython-38.pyc
./lib/python3.8/site-packages/setuptools/__pycache__/package_index.cpython-38.opt-1.pyc
......
[root@makel python3] cd lib/python3.8/site-packages/ #从上面的结果中找到site-packages,并到该目录下
[root@makel site-packages] ll  
total 96
drwxr-xr-x. 4 root root  4096 Nov 16 17:18 dns
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  1277 Nov  9 22:31 dnspython-1.9.4-py3.8.egg-info
....
[root@makel site-packages] rm -rf dnspython-1.9.4-py3.8.egg-info   #删除包含该模块名的所有文件

5.重新安装，安装完成后成功import

[root@makel site-packages] pip3 install dnspython  #重新安装
[root@makel site-packages] python3
Python 3.8.5 (default, Nov  7 2021, 21:47:38) 
[GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-44)] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> import dns.resolver
>>> exit