C#——DataTable帮助类

1、将Excel导入成DataTable

        使用NPOI的程序集

using NPOI.HSSF.UserModel;
using NPOI.SS.UserModel;
using NPOI.XSSF.UserModel;

/// <summary>
/// Excel导入成Datable
/// </summary>
/// <param name="file">导入路径(包含文件名与扩展名)</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static DataTable ExcelToTable(string file)
{
    try
    {
        DataTable dt = new DataTable();
        IWorkbook workbook;
        string fileExt = Path.GetExtension(file).ToLower();
        using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(file, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read))
        {
            //XSSFWorkbook 适用XLSX格式，HSSFWorkbook 适用XLS格式
            if (fileExt == ".xlsx")
            {
                workbook = new XSSFWorkbook(fs);
            }
            else if (fileExt == ".xls")
            {
                workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(fs);
            }
            else { workbook = null; }
            if (workbook == null) { return null; }
            ISheet sheet = workbook.GetSheetAt(0);

            //表头  
            IRow header = sheet.GetRow(sheet.FirstRowNum);
            List<int> columns = new List<int>();
            for (int i = 0; i < header.LastCellNum; i++)
            {
                object obj = GetValueType(header.GetCell(i));
                if (obj == null || obj.ToString() == string.Empty)
                {
                    dt.Columns.Add(new DataColumn("Columns" + i.ToString()));
                }
                else
                    dt.Columns.Add(new DataColumn(obj.ToString()));
                columns.Add(i);
            }
            //数据  
            for (int i = sheet.FirstRowNum + 1; i <= sheet.LastRowNum; i++)
            {
                DataRow dr = dt.NewRow();
                bool hasValue = false;
                foreach (int j in columns)
                {
                    dr[j] = GetValueType(sheet.GetRow(i).GetCell(j));
                    if (dr[j] != null && dr[j].ToString() != string.Empty)
                    {
                        hasValue = true;
                    }
                }
                if (hasValue)
                {
                    dt.Rows.Add(dr);
                }
            }
        }
        return dt;
    }
    catch (Exception ex)
    {
        throw ex;
    }

}

2、Excel导入成Datable，无表头

/// <summary>
/// Excel导入成Datable,无表头
/// </summary>
/// <param name="file">导入路径(包含文件名与扩展名)</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static DataTable ExcelToTableData(string file)
{
    try
    {
        DataTable dt = new DataTable();
        IWorkbook workbook;
        string fileExt = Path.GetExtension(file).ToLower();
        using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(file, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read))
        {
            //XSSFWorkbook 适用XLSX格式，HSSFWorkbook 适用XLS格式
            if (fileExt == ".xlsx")
            {
                workbook = new XSSFWorkbook(fs);
            }
            else if (fileExt == ".xls")
            {
                workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(fs);
            }
            else { workbook = null; }
            if (workbook == null) { return null; }
            ISheet sheet = workbook.GetSheetAt(0);

            //表头  
            IRow header = sheet.GetRow(sheet.FirstRowNum);
            List<int> columns = new List<int>();
            for (int i = 0; i < header.LastCellNum; i++)
            {
                dt.Columns.Add(new DataColumn("Columns" + i.ToString()));
                columns.Add(i);
            }
            //数据  
            for (int i = sheet.FirstRowNum; i <= sheet.LastRowNum; i++)
            {
                DataRow dr = dt.NewRow();
                bool hasValue = false;
                foreach (int j in columns)
                {
                    dr[j] = GetValueType(sheet.GetRow(i).GetCell(j));
                    if (dr[j] != null && dr[j].ToString() != string.Empty)
                    {
                        hasValue = true;
                    }
                }
                if (hasValue)
                {
                    dt.Rows.Add(dr);
                }
            }
        }
        return dt;
    }
    catch (Exception ex)
    {
        throw ex;
    }

}

3、将DataTable导出成Excel

/// <summary>
/// Datable导出成Excel
/// </summary>
/// <param name="dt"></param>
/// <param name="file">导出路径(包括文件名与扩展名)</param>
public static void TableToExcel(DataTable dt, string file)
{
    IWorkbook workbook;
    string fileExt = Path.GetExtension(file).ToLower();
    if (fileExt == ".xlsx") { workbook = new XSSFWorkbook(); } else if (fileExt == ".xls") { workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(); } else { workbook = null; }
    if (workbook == null) { return; }
    ISheet sheet = string.IsNullOrEmpty(dt.TableName) ? workbook.CreateSheet("Sheet1") : workbook.CreateSheet(dt.TableName);

    //表头  
    IRow row = sheet.CreateRow(0);
    for (int i = 0; i < dt.Columns.Count; i++)
    {
        ICell cell = row.CreateCell(i);
        cell.SetCellValue(dt.Columns[i].ColumnName);
    }

    //数据  
    for (int i = 0; i < dt.Rows.Count; i++)
    {
        IRow row1 = sheet.CreateRow(i + 1);
        for (int j = 0; j < dt.Columns.Count; j++)
        {
            ICell cell = row1.CreateCell(j);
            cell.SetCellValue(dt.Rows[i][j].ToString());
        }
    }

    //转为字节数组  
    MemoryStream stream = new MemoryStream();
    workbook.Write(stream);
    var buf = stream.ToArray();

    //保存为Excel文件  
    using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(file, FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write))
    {
        fs.Write(buf, 0, buf.Length);
        fs.Flush();
    }
}

4、获取单元格类型

/// <summary>
/// 获取单元格类型
/// </summary>
/// <param name="cell"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
private static object GetValueType(ICell cell)
{
    if (cell == null)
        return null;
    switch (cell.CellType)
    {
        case CellType.Blank: //BLANK:  
            return null;
        case CellType.Boolean: //BOOLEAN:  
            return cell.BooleanCellValue;
        case CellType.Numeric: //NUMERIC:  
            return cell.NumericCellValue;
        case CellType.String: //STRING:  
            return cell.StringCellValue;
        case CellType.Error: //ERROR:  
            return cell.ErrorCellValue;
        case CellType.Formula: //FORMULA:  
        default:
            return "=" + cell.CellFormula;
    }
}

5、DataSet转Json

public static string DataSetToJson(DataSet metaData)
{
    StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
    sb.Append("{");
            
    JavaScriptSerializer serializer = new JavaScriptSerializer();
    foreach (DataTable dt in metaData.Tables)
    {
        sb.Append(string.Format("\"{0}\":", dt.TableName));
        ArrayList arrayList = new ArrayList();
        foreach (DataRow dataRow in dt.Rows)
        {
            Dictionary<string, object> dictionary = new Dictionary<string, object>();
            foreach (DataColumn dataColumn in dt.Columns)
            {
                dictionary.Add(dataColumn.ColumnName, dataRow[dataColumn.ColumnName]);
            }
            arrayList.Add(dictionary);
        }
        sb.Append(serializer.Serialize(arrayList));
        sb.Append(",");
    }
    return sb.Remove(sb.Length - 1, 1).Append("}").ToString();
}

第二种，通过Newtonsoft.Json库来完成

    public static void Main()  
    {  
        // 创建一个简单的DataSet  
        DataSet dataSet = new DataSet();  
        DataTable dataTable = new DataTable("Table1");  
        dataTable.Columns.Add("Column1", typeof(string));  
        dataTable.Columns.Add("Column2", typeof(int));  
        dataTable.Rows.Add("Row1", 1);  
        dataTable.Rows.Add("Row2", 2);  
        dataSet.Tables.Add(dataTable);  
  
        // 将DataSet转换为JSON字符串  
        string jsonString = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(dataSet, Formatting.Indented);  
        Console.WriteLine(jsonString);  
    }  

6、DataTable转为实体类集合，使用泛型

//使用new泛型约束，T要有一个无参数构造函数
public static class ConvertHelper<T> where T : new()
{
    public static List<T> ConvertToModel(DataTable dt)
    {
        //定义集合
        List<T> ts = new List<T>();
        T t = new T();
        string tempName = string.Empty;
        //获取此模型的公共属性
        PropertyInfo[] propertys = t.GetType().GetProperties();
        foreach (DataRow row in dt.Rows)
        {
            t = new T();
            foreach (PropertyInfo pi in propertys)
            {
                tempName = pi.Name;
                //检查DataTable是否包含此列
                if (dt.Columns.Contains(tempName))
                {
                    //判断此属性是否有set
                    if (!pi.CanWrite)
                        continue;
                    object value = row[tempName];
                    if (value != DBNull.Value)
                        pi.SetValue(t, value, null);
                }
            }
            ts.Add(t);
        }
        return ts;
    }   
}

7、将DataRow[]转为DataTable

public static DataTable DataRowToDataTable(DataRow[] rows)
{
    if (rows == null || rows.Length == 0) return null;
    DataTable tmp = rows[0].Table.Clone(); // 复制DataRow的表结构
    foreach (DataRow row in rows)
    {
        tmp.ImportRow(row); // 将DataRow添加到DataTable中
    }
    return tmp;
}

8、将DataRow转为JSON字符串

public static string DataRowToJson(DataRow dr)
{
    JObject jObj = new JObject();

    foreach (DataColumn item in dr.Table.Columns)
    {
        jObj.Add(new JProperty(item.ColumnName, dr[item.ColumnName]));
    }

    return jObj.ToString();
}

9、JSON转为DataTable

public static DataTable JsonToDataTable(string strJson)
{
    //转换json格式
    strJson = strJson.Replace(",\"", "*\"").Replace("\":", "\"#").ToString();
    //取出表名
    var rg = new Regex(@"(?<={)[^:]+(?=:\[)", RegexOptions.IgnoreCase);
    string strName = rg.Match(strJson).Value;
    DataTable tb = null;
    //去除表名
    strJson = strJson.Substring(strJson.IndexOf("[") + 1);
    strJson = strJson.Substring(0, strJson.IndexOf("]"));
    //获取数据
    rg = new Regex(@"(?<={)[^}]+(?=})");
    MatchCollection mc = rg.Matches(strJson);
    for (int i = 0; i < mc.Count; i++)
    {
        string strRow = mc[i].Value;
        string[] strRows = strRow.Split('*');
        //创建表
        if (tb == null)
        {
            tb = new DataTable();
            tb.TableName = strName;
            foreach (string str in strRows)
            {
                var dc = new DataColumn();
                string[] strCell = str.Split('#');
                if (strCell[0].Substring(0, 1) == "\"")
                {
                    int a = strCell[0].Length;
                    dc.ColumnName = strCell[0].Substring(1, a - 2);
                }
                else
                {
                    dc.ColumnName = strCell[0];
                }
                tb.Columns.Add(dc);
            }
            tb.AcceptChanges();
        }
        //增加内容
        DataRow dr = tb.NewRow();
        for (int r = 0; r < strRows.Length; r++)
        {
            dr[r] = strRows[r].Split('#')[1].Trim().Replace("，", ",").Replace("：", ":").Replace("\"", "");
        }
        tb.Rows.Add(dr);
        //提交自上次调用 System.Data.DataTable.AcceptChanges 以来对该表进行的所有更改。
        tb.AcceptChanges();
    }
    return tb;
}

第二种方法

using Newtonsoft.Json;  
using System.Data;  
  
public DataTable ConvertJsonToDataTable(string json)  
{  
    DataTable dt = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<DataTable>(json);  
    return dt;  
}

        请注意，这个函数假设你的JSON字符串直接表示一个表格（例如，它是从一个数据库查询的结果中生成的）。如果你的JSON字符串表示的是其他结构（例如，一个包含多个对象的数组），你可能需要稍微修改这个函数以正确地解析你的数据。

10、使用System.Data.OleDb程序集读取Excel文件到DataSet

        该方式需要通过类似于数据库的连接串来连接Excel程序，因此需要本地安装有Excel程序才能使用。

//将excel数据写入dataset
public static DataSet loadDatesetFromExcel(string filepath)
{
    string strConn;
    switch (filepath.Split('.').Last())
    {
        case "xls":    //X86
            strConn = "Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source=" + filepath + ";Extended Properties='Excel 8.0;HDR=False;IMEX=1'";
            break;
        case "xlsx":   //X64
            strConn = "Provider=Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0;Data Source=" + filepath + ";Extended Properties='Excel 12.0;HDR=false;IMEX=1'";
            break;
        default:
            strConn = "";
            break;
    }
    if (strConn != "")
    {
        try
        {
            string sheetname = filepath.Split('.').First().Split('\\').Last();

            OleDbConnection OleConn = new OleDbConnection(string.Format(strConn));
            OleConn.Open();
            string sql = "SELECT * FROM [" + sheetname + "$]";

            OleDbDataAdapter OLeDaExcel = new OleDbDataAdapter(sql, OleConn);
            DataSet ds = new DataSet();
            OLeDaExcel.Fill(ds, "Sheet1");
            OleConn.Close();
            return ds;
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            return null;
        }
    }
    else
    {
        return null;
    }
}