AQ-测试项目--封装axios请求2020-10-29

1.创建一个测试项目

1.1 创建项目和APP

1.创建项目和APP
django-admin startproject Books # 创建项目
python manage.py startapp app01 # 创建APP

2.在settings中注册books模型
INSTALLED_APPS = [
		'app01.apps.App01Config',
]
 注：pycharm无法联想，需要把apps文件夹设置为源根
 
3.urls.py中添加路由
urlpatterns = [
	path('books/', include('books.urls')),
]

4.books/urls.py中添加子路由
from django.urls import path
	urlpatterns = [
	]

2.配置跨域

2.1 跨域原理

1. 首先浏览器安全策略限制js ajax跨域访问服务器

2. 如果服务器返回的头部信息中有当前域:

    // 允许 http://localhost:8080 这个网站打开的页面中的js访问我
           Access-Control-Allow-Origin: http://localhost:8080
    // 允许携带cookie访问我
            Access-Control-Allow-Credentials: true
   

   那么, 浏览器可以让js 请求该服务器

2.2 cors设置

	1. 安装包
		pip install django-cors-headers
	2. 注册应用
		INSTALLED_APPS = [
		...
		# 添加 django-cors-headers 使其可以进行 cors 跨域
		'corsheaders'
	]
	3. 添加中间件
		MIDDLEWARE = [
		# 放在中间件第一个
		'corsheaders.middleware.CorsMiddleware',
		...
	]
	4. 设置
	# CORS跨域请求白名单设置
	CORS_ORIGIN_WHITELIST = (
		'http://127.0.0.1:8080',
		'http://localhost:8080',
	)
	CORS_ALLOW_CREDENTIALS = True # 允许携带cookie

3.登录接口

3.1 urls.py 中配置路由

 urlpatterns = [
		path('login/', views.login),
]

3.2 user/views.py 中写一个login视图函数

from django.http import JsonResponse
import json

def login(request):
		body_json = request.body.decode()
		body_dict = json.loads(body_json)
		name = body_dict.get('name')
		pwd = body_dict.get('pwd')
		if not all([name, pwd]):
			resp = {
					"code": 999,
					"msg": '信息不全'
				}
				return JsonResponse(resp)
				
		if name == 'zhangsan' and pwd == '1234':
			data = {
				"code": 0,
				"msg": '登录成功',
				"data": {
					"id": 1,
					"name": '张三',
					"age": 18
				  }
				}
			resp = JsonResponse(data)
			return resp
			
		else:
			data = {
				"code": 999,
				"msg": '用户名密码不正确'
			}
			resp = JsonResponse(data)
			return resp

3.3 测试接口

	http://127.0.0.1:8000/login/

			{
			"name":"zhangsan",
			"pwd":"1234"
			}

4.图书管理系统后端接口

4.1 books/models.py 中设置表

	from django.db import models
	
	class Books(models.Model):
		btitle = models.CharField(max_length=20)
		bpub_date = models.DateField()
		bread = models.IntegerField()
		bcomment = models.IntegerField()
		is_delete = models.BooleanField(default=False)

4.2 urls.py 中设置路由

from django.urls import path
from . import views

urlpatterns = [
	path('book/', views.BooksView.as_view()),
]

4.3 book/views.py 视图函数

from .models import Books
from rest_framework.views import View
from django.http import JsonResponse
import json


class BooksView(View):
    def get(self, request):
        books = Books.objects.filter(is_delete=False)
        book_list = books.values('id','btitle','bpub_date','bread','bcomment')
        book_list = list(book_list)
        data = {
        "code": 0,
        "msg": "success",
        "books": book_list
        }
        return JsonResponse(data)

    def post(self, request):
        body_json = request.body.decode()
        body_dict = json.loads(body_json)
        btitle = body_dict.get('btitle')
        bpub_date = body_dict.get('bpub_date')
        bread = body_dict.get('bread')
        bcomment = body_dict.get('bcomment')
        book = Books(btitle=btitle, bpub_date=bpub_date, bread=bread,
        bcomment=bcomment)
        book.save()
        return JsonResponse({"code": 0, "msg": "success"})

    def put(self, request):
        body_json = request.body.decode()
        body_dict = json.loads(body_json)
        id = body_dict.get('id')
        # 2.测试接口
        # 2.1 测试获取所有图书接口
        # 返回结果
        btitle = body_dict.get('btitle')
        bpub_date = body_di