什么是shiro (What is Apache Shiro?)
Apache Shiro is a powerful and flexible open-source security framework that cleanly handles authentication, authorization, enterprise session management and cryptography.
Apache Shiro 是一个强大而灵活的开源安全框架,可以干净地处理身份验证、授权、企业会话管理和加密。
架构 (Architecture)
Shiro 的架构有 3 个主要概念:
**Subject:**简单的理解为shiro为当前用户创建的对象,当前用户可以是任何事物
SecurityManager: 是 Shiro 架构的核心,它充当一种“伞形”对象,用于协调其内部安全组件,这些组件共同构成了一个SecurityManager。
Realms: Realms充当Shiro和 应用程序安全数据( 就是存储数据的地方) 之间的“桥梁”或“连接器”。一般会自定义Realm,来实现认证,授权等操作。
详细架构图:
里面的介绍可以看 Apache Shiro Architecture | Apache Shiro 官网的解释
快速入门(Get Started with Apache Shiro)
环境:JDK 1.8+ and Maven 3.0.3+
下载官方代码并解压缩。
[Apache Download Mirrors](https://shiro.apache.org/download.html)
用ideal打开,并等待maven以来下载完成
打开quickstart.java 文件,接下来开始看里面的main函数
入门三部曲
1:获取 SecurityManager 工厂,此处使用 shiro.ini 配置文件初始化 SecurityManager
2: 得到 SecurityManager 实例 并绑定给 SecurityUtils
3: 获取当前用户 subject
拿到subject之后,就是想干嘛就干嘛,shiro叫破喉咙也没用
public static void main(String[] args) {
// 1. 获取 SecurityManager 工厂,此处使用 shiro.ini 配置文件初始化 SecurityManager
Factory<SecurityManager> factory = new IniSecurityManagerFactory("classpath:shiro.ini");
SecurityManager securityManager = factory.getInstance();
// 2. 得到 SecurityManager 实例 并绑定给 SecurityUtils
SecurityUtils.setSecurityManager(securityManager);
// 3. 获取当前用户 subject
Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();
//拿到subject之后,就是想干嘛就干嘛,shiro叫破喉咙也没用 0.0
playShiro(subject);
//all done - log out!
subject.logout();
System.exit(0);
}
private static void playShiro(Subject subject) {
// Do some stuff with a Session (no need for a web or EJB container!!!)
Session session = subject.getSession();
session.setAttribute("someKey", "aValue");
String value = (String) session.getAttribute("someKey");
if (value.equals("aValue")) {
System.out.println();
System.out.println("Retrieved the correct value! [" + value + "]");
}
// shiro基本所有的操作都需要通过subject来实现,下面是几个常用的API
// Do some stuff with a Session (no need for a web or EJB container!!!)
// 存一些数据在shiro的session,这里的session不是servlet的session,是shiro自己的。
Session session = subject.getSession();
session.setAttribute("someKey", "aValue");
String value = (String) session.getAttribute("someKey");
if (value.equals("aValue")) {
log.info("Retrieved the correct value! [" + value + "]");
}
// let's login the current user so we can check against roles and permissions:
// 常见认证方式
if (!subject.isAuthenticated()) {
UsernamePasswordToken token = new UsernamePasswordToken("lonestarr", "vespa");
token.setRememberMe(true);
try {
subject.login(token);
} catch (UnknownAccountException uae) {
log.info("There is no user with username of " + token.getPrincipal());
} catch (IncorrectCredentialsException ice) {
log.info("Password for account " + token.getPrincipal() + " was incorrect!");
} catch (LockedAccountException lae) {
log.info("The account for username " + token.getPrincipal() + " is locked. " +
"Please contact your administrator to unlock it.");
}
// ... catch more exceptions here (maybe custom ones specific to your application?
catch (AuthenticationException ae) {
//unexpected condition? error?
}
}
//say who they are:
//print their identifying principal (in this case, a username):
log.info("User [" + subject.getPrincipal() + "] logged in successfully.");
//test a role:
if (subject.hasRole("schwartz")) {
log.info("May the Schwartz be with you!");
} else {
log.info("Hello, mere mortal.");
}
//test a typed permission (not instance-level)
if (subject.isPermitted("lightsaber:wield")) {
log.info("You may use a lightsaber ring. Use it wisely.");
} else {
log.info("Sorry, lightsaber rings are for schwartz masters only.");
}
//a (very powerful) Instance Level permission:
if (subject.isPermitted("winnebago:drive:eagle5")) {
log.info("You are permitted to 'drive' the winnebago with license plate (id) 'eagle5'. " +
"Here are the keys - have fun!");
} else {
log.info("Sorry, you aren't allowed to drive the 'eagle5' winnebago!");
}
}
到这里shiro简单的认证就结束了。下一篇我将给大家来一个实战案例,关注我,期待下一篇
og.info(“Sorry, you aren’t allowed to drive the ‘eagle5’ winnebago!”);
}
}
到这里shiro简单的认证就结束了。下一篇我将给大家来一个实战案例,关注我,期待下一篇