综合练习--The Sixth Week

1、查找/etc目录下大于1M且类型为普通文件的所有文件

类型普通文件f
[root@centos8 ~ ]#find /etc -type f -size +1M 
/etc/selinux/targeted/policy/policy.31
/etc/udev/hwdb.bin
[root@centos8 ~ ]#ll -h /etc/selinux/targeted/policy/policy.31 /etc/udev/hwdb.bin
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 8.2M Nov 15 23:27 /etc/selinux/targeted/policy/policy.31
-r--r--r--. 1 root root 8.8M Sep 22 09:50 /etc/udev/hwdb.bin

2、打包/etc/目录下面所有conf结尾的文件，压缩包名称为当天的时间，并拷贝到/usr/local/src目录备份。

通过find命令找到所有以.conf结尾的文件，通过xargs替换参数进行打包
[root@centos8 ~ ]#find /etc -name "*.conf" | xargs tar zcvf /usr/local/src/`date +%F`.gz
[root@centos8 ~ ]#ll /usr/local/src/2020-11-23.gz 
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 57278 Nov 23 20:22 /usr/local/src/2020-11-23.gz
[root@centos8 ~ ]#tar tf /usr/local/src/2020-11-23.gz
etc/resolv.conf
etc/dnf/dnf.conf
etc/dnf/plugins/copr.conf
etc/dnf/plugins/debuginfo-install.conf
etc/dnf/plugins/spacewalk.conf
etc/dnf/protected.d/dnf.conf
etc/dnf/protected.d/systemd.conf
etc/dnf/protected.d/yum.conf
etc/dnf/protected.d/sudo.conf
etc/pki/ca-trust/ca-legacy.conf
etc/selinux/semanage.conf
etc/selinux/targeted/setrans.conf
etc/modprobe.d/tuned.conf
etc/modprobe.d/firewalld-sysctls.conf
etc/depmod.d/dist.conf
etc/security/pwquality.conf
etc/security/access.conf
etc/security/chroot.conf
etc/security/faillock.conf
etc/security/group.conf
etc/security/limits.conf
etc/security/namespace.conf
etc/security/pam_env.conf
etc/security/sepermit.conf
etc/security/time.conf
etc/pcp/discover/pcp-kube-pods.conf
etc/pcp/pmcd/pmcd.conf
etc/pcp/pmproxy/pmproxy.conf
etc/pcp/pmseries/pmseries.conf
etc/pcp/pmrep/pmrep.conf
etc/dracut.conf
etc/sysctl.conf
etc/host.conf
etc/systemd/coredump.conf
etc/systemd/journald.conf
etc/systemd/logind.conf
etc/systemd/resolved.conf
etc/systemd/system.conf
etc/systemd/user.conf
etc/sysctl.d/99-sysctl.conf
etc/udev/udev.conf
etc/tcsd.conf
etc/X11/xorg.conf.d/00-keyboard.conf
etc/sysconfig/nftables.conf
etc/ld.so.conf
etc/ld.so.conf.d/kernel-4.18.0-193.el8.x86_64.conf
etc/ld.so.conf.d/bind-export-x86_64.conf
etc/nsswitch.conf
etc/plymouth/plymouthd.conf
etc/gcrypt/random.conf
etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.conf
etc/authselect/user-nsswitch.conf
etc/sestatus.conf
etc/libaudit.conf
etc/ssh/ssh_config.d/05-redhat.conf
etc/xattr.conf
etc/libuser.conf
etc/prelink.conf.d/grub2.conf
etc/libreport/events.d/collect_dnf.conf
etc/fuse.conf
etc/dbus-1/session.conf
etc/dbus-1/system.conf
etc/dbus-1/system.d/org.freedesktop.PolicyKit1.conf
etc/dbus-1/system.d/nm-dispatcher.conf
etc/dbus-1/system.d/nm-ifcfg-rh.conf
etc/dbus-1/system.d/org.freedesktop.NetworkManager.conf
etc/dbus-1/system.d/teamd.conf
etc/dbus-1/system.d/com.redhat.tuned.conf
etc/dbus-1/system.d/org.selinux.conf
etc/dbus-1/system.d/org.fedoraproject.SetroubleshootFixit.conf
etc/dbus-1/system.d/org.fedoraproject.Setroubleshootd.conf
etc/dbus-1/system.d/org.freedesktop.PackageKit.conf
etc/sasl2/smtpd.conf
etc/sasl2/pmcd.conf
etc/openldap/ldap.conf
etc/krb5.conf
etc/dhcp/dhclient.conf
etc/logrotate.conf
etc/idmapd.conf
etc/rsyslog.conf
etc/yum.conf
etc/kdump.conf
etc/vmware-tools/vgauth.conf
etc/tuned/tuned-main.conf
etc/firewalld/firewalld.conf
etc/audit/auditd.conf
etc/audit/plugins.d/af_unix.conf
etc/audit/plugins.d/sedispatch.conf
etc/sudo-ldap.conf
etc/sudo.conf
etc/mke2fs.conf
etc/man_db.conf
etc/vconsole.conf
etc/locale.conf
etc/autofs.conf
etc/autofs_ldap_auth.conf
etc/updatedb.conf
etc/pcp.conf
etc/fonts/conf.d/31-cantarell.conf
etc/fonts/conf.d/10-hinting-slight.conf
etc/fonts/conf.d/10-scale-bitmap-fonts.conf
etc/fonts/conf.d/20-unhint-small-vera.conf
etc/fonts/conf.d/25-unhint-nonlatin.conf
etc/fonts/conf.d/30-metric-aliases.conf
etc/fonts/conf.d/40-nonlatin.conf
etc/fonts/conf.d/45-generic.conf
etc/fonts/conf.d/45-latin.conf
etc/fonts/conf.d/49-sansserif.conf
etc/fonts/conf.d/50-user.conf
etc/fonts/conf.d/51-local.conf
etc/fonts/conf.d/60-generic.conf
etc/fonts/conf.d/60-latin.conf
etc/fonts/conf.d/65-fonts-persian.conf
etc/fonts/conf.d/65-nonlatin.conf
etc/fonts/conf.d/69-unifont.conf
etc/fonts/conf.d/80-delicious.conf
etc/fonts/conf.d/90-synthetic.conf
etc/fonts/fonts.conf
etc/setroubleshoot/setroubleshoot.conf
etc/PackageKit/PackageKit.conf
etc/PackageKit/Vendor.conf

3、利用sed 取出ifconfig命令中本机的IPv4地址

[root@10-255-20-65 ~]# ifconfig eth0 | sed -rn "2s/^[^0-9]+([0-9.]+).*$/\1/p"
10.255.20.65

4、删除/etc/fstab文件中所有以#开头，后面至少跟一个空白字符的行的行首的#和空白字符

i.bak修改并备份源文件
[root@centos8 ~ ]#sed -ri.bak "s/^#[[:blank:]]+(.*)/\1/g" /data/fstab 

[root@centos8 ~ ]#cat /data/fstab

#
/etc/fstab
Created by anaconda on Mon Sep 21 21:32:25 2020
#
Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk/'.
See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info.
#
After editing this file, run 'systemctl daemon-reload' to update systemd
units generated from this file.
#
UUID=36500084-b1ee-4e0f-a6e5-a970a5338796 /                       xfs     defaults        0 0
UUID=ef517225-47b5-4f1d-b807-0a43d39f77b0 /boot                   ext4    defaults        1 2
UUID=ae2e39f6-476d-406e-bbae-7806cfc52d05 /data                   xfs     defaults        0 0
UUID=eac19fbe-3f3c-4f1f-804e-09458838db1c swap                    swap    defaults        0 0
[root@centos8 ~ ]#cat /data/fstab.bak 

#
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Mon Sep 21 21:32:25 2020
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk/'.
# See man pages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info.
#
# After editing this file, run 'systemctl daemon-reload' to update systemd
# units generated from this file.
#
UUID=36500084-b1ee-4e0f-a6e5-a970a5338796 /                       xfs     defaults        0 0
UUID=ef517225-47b5-4f1d-b807-0a43d39f77b0 /boot                   ext4    defaults        1 2
UUID=ae2e39f6-476d-406e-bbae-7806cfc52d05 /data                   xfs     defaults        0 0
UUID=eac19fbe-3f3c-4f1f-804e-09458838db1c swap                    swap    defaults        0 0

5、处理/etc/fstab路径,使用sed命令取出其目录名和基名

[root@centos8 ~ ]#dirname /etc/fstab 
/etc
[root@centos8 ~ ]#basename /etc/fstab 
fstab
[root@centos8 ~ ]#echo /etc/fstab | sed -nr "s@^(/.*)/(.*)@\1@p"
/etc
[root@centos8 ~ ]#echo /etc/fstab | sed -nr "s@^(/.*)/(.*)@\2@p"
fstab