Python编写备份程序脚本

编写backup.py脚本，实现以下目标：

1、需要支持完全和增量备份
2、周一执行完全备份
3、其他时间执行增量备份
4、备份文件需要打包为tar文件并使用gzip格式压缩

import os
import tarfile
import hashlib
import pickle
from time import strftime

def check_md5(fname):
m = hashlib.md5()
with open(fname, ‘rb’) as fobj:
while 1:
data = fobj.read(4096)
if not data:
break
m.update(data)
return m.hexdigest()

def full_backup(src, dst, md5file):
“完全备份”
# 拼接出备份文件名
fname = ‘%s_full_%s.tar.gz’ % (os.path.basename(src), strftime(’%Y%m%d’))
fname = os.path.join(dst, fname)

# 打tar包
tar = tarfile.open(fname, 'w:gz')
tar.add(src)
tar.close()

# 计算每个文件的md5值
md5dict = {}
for path, folders, files in os.walk(src):
    for file in files:
        key = os.path.join(path, file)
        md5dict[key] = check_md5(key)

# 保存md5字典到文件
with open(md5file, 'wb') as fobj:
    pickle.dump(md5dict, fobj)

def incr_backup(src, dst, md5file):
“增量备份”
# 拼接出备份文件名
fname = ‘%s_incr_%s.tar.gz’ % (os.path.basename(src), strftime(’%Y%m%d’))
fname = os.path.join(dst, fname)

# 计算每个文件的md5值
md5dict = {}
for path, folders, files in os.walk(src):
    for file in files:
        key = os.path.join(path, file)
        md5dict[key] = check_md5(key)

# 取出前一天的md5值
with open(md5file, 'rb') as fobj:
    old_md5 = pickle.load(fobj)

# 找出新增文件和改动的文件，备份
tar = tarfile.open(fname, 'w:gz')
for key in md5dict:
    # if key not in old_md5 or md5dict[key] != old_md5[key]:
    if old_md5.get(key) != md5dict[key]:
        tar.add(key)
tar.close()

# 更新md5文件
with open(md5file, 'wb') as fobj:
    pickle.dump(md5dict, fobj)

if name == ‘main’:
src = ‘/tmp/demo/security’
dst = ‘/tmp/demo/backup’
md5file = ‘/tmp/demo/backup/md5.data’
if strftime(’%a’) == ‘Mon’:
full_backup(src, dst, md5file)
else:
incr_backup(src, dst, md5file)

mkdir -p /tmp/demo/backup

cp -r /etc/security /tmp/demo