嵌入式 Linux LED 驱动开发

I.MX6U-ALPHA开发板上的LED是连接在I.MX6ULL的GPIO1_IO03引脚上的。

        led.c        //驱动文件代码

#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/uaccess.h>
#include <linux/io.h>

#define LED_MAJOR 200
#define LED_NAME "led"

//寄存器物理地址
#define CCM_CCGR1_BASE (0X020C406C)
#define SW_MUX_GPIO1_IO03_BASE (0X020E0068)
#define SW_PAD_GPIO1_IO03_BASE (0X020E02F4)
#define GPIO1_DR_BASE (0X0209C000)
#define GPIO1_GDIR_BASE (0X0209C004)

//地址映射后的虚拟地址指针
static void __iomem *IMX6U_CCM_CCGR1;
static void __iomem *SW_MUX_GPIO1_IO03;
static void __iomem *SW_PAD_GPIO1_IO03;
static void __iomem *GPIO1_DR;
static void __iomem *GPIO1_GDIR;

#define LEDOFF 0 //关闭
#define LEDON 1  //打开

//LED打开/关闭
static void led_switch(u8 sta)
{
    u32 val = 0;
    if (sta == LEDON)
    {
        val = readl(GPIO1_DR);
        val &= ~(1 << 3); //bit清零，打开LED
        writel(val, GPIO1_DR);
    }
    else if (sta == LEDOFF)
    {
        val = readl(GPIO1_DR);
        val |= (1 << 3); //bit清零，打开LED
        writel(val, GPIO1_DR);
    }
}

static int led_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
{

    return 0;
}

static int led_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
{
    return 0;
}

static ssize_t led_write(struct file *filp, const char __user *buf, size_t count, loff_t *ppos)
{
    int retvalue;
    unsigned char databuf[1];
    retvalue = copy_from_user(databuf, buf, count);
    if (retvalue < 0)
    {
        printk("Kernel write failed\n");
        return -EFAULT;
    }

    //判断是开灯还是关灯
    led_switch(databuf[0]);
    return 0;
}

//字符设备操作集
static const struct file_operations led_fops = {
    .owner = THIS_MODULE,
    .write = led_write,
    .open = led_open,
    .release = led_release,
};

//入口
static int __init led_init(void)
{
    int ret = 0;
    unsigned int val = 0;
    //初始化LED，地址映射
    IMX6U_CCM_CCGR1 = ioremap(CCM_CCGR1_BASE, 4);
    SW_MUX_GPIO1_IO03 = ioremap(SW_MUX_GPIO1_IO03_BASE, 4);
    SW_PAD_GPIO1_IO03 = ioremap(SW_PAD_GPIO1_IO03_BASE, 4);
    GPIO1_DR = ioremap(GPIO1_DR_BASE, 4);
    GPIO1_GDIR = ioremap(GPIO1_GDIR_BASE, 4);
    //初始化
    val = readl(IMX6U_CCM_CCGR1);
    val &= ~(3 << 26); //清除之前的配置bit26,27
    val |= 3 << 26;    //bit26,27置为1
    writel(val, IMX6U_CCM_CCGR1);

    writel(0x5, SW_MUX_GPIO1_IO03);    //设置复用
    writel(0X10B0, SW_PAD_GPIO1_IO03); //设置电气属性

    val = readl(GPIO1_GDIR);
    val |= 1 << 3; //bit3置为1,设置为输出
    writel(val, GPIO1_GDIR);

    val = readl(GPIO1_DR);
    val &= ~(1 << 3); //bit清零，打开LED
    writel(val, GPIO1_DR);

    //注册字符设备
    ret = register_chrdev(LED_MAJOR, LED_NAME, &led_fops);
    if (ret < 0)
    {
        printk("register_chrdev failed\n");
        return -EIO;
    }
    printk("led_init\n");
    return 0;
}

//出口
static int __exit led_exit(void)
{
    unsigned int val = 0;
    val = readl(GPIO1_DR);
    val |= (1 << 3); //bit清零，打开LED
    writel(val, GPIO1_DR);
    //取消地址映射
    iounmap(IMX6U_CCM_CCGR1);
    iounmap(SW_MUX_GPIO1_IO03);
    iounmap(SW_PAD_GPIO1_IO03);
    iounmap(GPIO1_DR);
    iounmap(GPIO1_GDIR);
    //注销字符设备
    unregister_chrdev(LED_MAJOR, LED_NAME);
    printk("led_exit\n");
}

//注册驱动加载和卸载
module_init(led_init);
module_exit(led_exit);

MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
MODULE_AUTHOR("yjf");

led 驱动加载成功以后手动创建/dev/led 节点，APP 通过操作/dev/led 文件来完成对 LED 设备的控制。向/dev/led 文件写 0 表示关闭 LED 灯，写 1 表示打开 LED 灯。

ledAPP.c

#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

#define LEDOFF 0
#define LEDON 1

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    int fd;
    char *filename;
    unsigned char databuf[1];
    int retvalue;

    if (argc != 3)
    {
        printf("error use\n");
        return -1;
    }

    filename = argv[1];
    fd = open(filename, O_RDWR);
    if (fd < 0)
    {
        printf("file %s open failed\n", filename);
        return -1;
    }

    databuf[0] = atoi(argv[2]); //将字符转换为数字
    retvalue = write(fd, databuf, sizeof(databuf));
    if (retvalue < 0)
    {
        printf("LED control failed\n");
        close(fd);
        return -1;
    }

    close(fd);
    return 0;
}

Makefile        //通过Makefile编译驱动程序

KERNELDIR := /home/yjf/linux/IMX6ULL/linux/linux-imx-rel_imx_4.1.15_2.1.0_ga

CURRRNT_PATH := $(shell pwd)

obj-m := led.o

build: kernel_modules

kernel_modules:
	$(MAKE) -C $(KERNELDIR) M=$(CURRRNT_PATH) modules
clean:
	$(MAKE) -C $(KERNELDIR) M=$(CURRRNT_PATH) clean