黑马JAVA P113 多态的概述，优势，类型转换问题

package com.itheima.d1_polymorphic;

public abstract class Animal {
    public String name = "父类动物";
    public abstract void  run ();
}

package com.itheima.d1_polymorphic;

public class Dog extends Animal{
    public  String name = "子类狗";
    @Override
    public void run() {
        System.out.println("狗跑的贼溜~~~");
    }
}

package com.itheima.d1_polymorphic;

public class Tortoise extends  Animal{
    public String name = "子类乌龟";
    @Override
    public void run() {
        System.out.println("乌龟根本跑不快");
    }
}

package com.itheima.d1_polymorphic;

/**
 * 目标：认识多态，理解多态的形式和概念。
 */
public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //1.多态的形式：父类类型  对象名称 = new 子类构造器；
        Animal a = new Dog();
        a.run();//编译看左边，运行看右边
        System.out.println(a.name); //对于变量的调用：编译看左，运行也看左

        Animal a2 = new Tortoise();
        a2.run(); //编译看左边，运行看右边
        System.out.println(a2.name);
    }
}

 

 

package com.itheima.d2.d1_polymorphic_advantage;

/**
 * 父类
 */
public  class Animal {
    public String name = "父类动物";
    public  void  run (){
        System.out.println("动物可以跑~~");
    }
}

package com.itheima.d2.d1_polymorphic_advantage;

public class Dog extends Animal {
    public  String name = "狗名称";
    @Override
    public void run() {
        System.out.println("狗跑的贼溜~~~");
    }


    /**
     * 独有功能
     */
    public void lookDoor(){
        System.out.println("狗在看门！！");
    }

}

package com.itheima.d2.d1_polymorphic_advantage;

public class Tortoise extends Animal {
    public String name = "子类乌龟";
    @Override
    public void run() {
        System.out.println("乌龟根本跑不快");
    }
}

package com.itheima.d2.d1_polymorphic_advantage;

/**
 * 目标：认识多态，理解多态的形式和概念。
 */
public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Animal a = new Tortoise();
        go(a);

        Animal a2 = new Dog();
        go(a2);
        //a2.lookDoor(); //多态下不能访问子类独有功能
    }

    /**
     * 要求：所有的动物都可以进来比赛
     */
    public static void go(Animal a){
        System.out.println("开始。。。");
        a.run();
        System.out.println("结束。。。");
    }
}

 

 

package com.itheima.d3_polymorphic_convert;

/**
 * 父类
 */
public class Animal {
    public void run(){
        System.out.println("动物可以跑~~");
    }
}

package com.itheima.d3_polymorphic_convert;

public class Dog extends Animal{
    @Override
    public void run(){
        System.out.println("狗跑的贼溜");
    }


    /**
     * 独有功能
     */
    public void lookDoor(){
        System.out.println("狗在看门！！！");
    }
}

package com.itheima.d3_polymorphic_convert;

public class Tortoise extends Animal {
    @Override
    public void run(){
        System.out.println("乌龟跑的非常慢~~~");
    }

    /**
     * 独有功能
     */
    public void layEggs(){
        System.out.println("乌龟在下蛋~~~");
    }
}

package com.itheima.d3_polymorphic_convert;

import java.security.PublicKey;

/**
 * 目标：学习多态形式下的类中转换机制
 */
public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //自动类型转换：
        Animal a = new Dog();
        a.run();

        //强制类型转换：
        Animal a2 = new Tortoise();
        a2.run();

        //Dog d =(Dog)a2;  //强制类型转换，编译阶段不报错的（注意：有继承或者实现关系编译阶段可以强制，没有毛病）,运行时可能出错的！
        if(a2 instanceof Tortoise){
            Tortoise t = (Tortoise) a2; //从父类类型到子类类型，必须强制类型转换
            t.layEggs();
        }else if(a2 instanceof Dog){
            Dog d = new Dog();
            d.lookDoor();
        }
        System.out.println("-----------");
        go(new Dog());
        go(new Tortoise());
    }

    public static void go(Animal a){
        a.run();
        // a 到底是乌龟还是狗
        if(a instanceof Tortoise){
            Tortoise t = (Tortoise) a; //从父类类型到子类类型，必须强制类型转换
            t.layEggs();
        }else if(a instanceof Dog){
            Dog d = new Dog();
            d.lookDoor();
        }
    }
}