k8s单机版部署

1.开发环境

CentOS7.9

• centos7.9的安装是比较麻烦的，包括安装，联网，下载可视化界面，这些都是比较繁琐的
• 这里整理三篇比较好的文章，帮助大家装好开发环境
• CenOS 7 安装详解
• CentOS 7 安装完毕之后联网的解决方法
• CentOs 7 安装可视化桌面

接下来就步入正题，kubernetes部署算是有一定门槛的。为了不从入门到放弃，推荐一开始安装单机版作为入门熟悉kubectl指令、了解工作原理。

2. 开始安装

2.1.关闭防火墙

切换到root用户执行以下命令

1.关闭centos自带的防火墙

# systemctl disable firewalld


# systemctl stop firewalld 

2.安装etcd和kubernetes软件（会自动安装docker）

# yum install -y etcd kubernetes

2.2修改两处配置

1. Docker配置文件/etc/sysconfig/docker, OPTIONS=’–selinux-enabled=false –insecure-registry gcr.io’
   
2. Kubernetes apiservce配置文件/etc/kubernetes/apiserver,把–admission_control参数中的ServiceAccount删除
   

2.2.启动所有服务

# systemctl start etcd
# systemctl start docker
# systemctl start kube-apiserver
# systemctl start kube-controller-manager
# systemctl start kube-scheduler
# systemctl start kubelet
# systemctl start kube-proxy 

3.查看版本，安装完成

kubectl version

• k8s常用指令

# 查看版本
$ kubectl  version
Client Version: version.Info{Major:"1", Minor:"5", GitVersion:"v1.5.2", GitCommit:"269f928217957e7126dc87e6adfa82242bfe5b1e", GitTreeState:"clean", BuildDate:"2017-07-03T15:31:10Z", GoVersion:"go1.7.4", Compiler:"gc", Platform:"linux/amd64"}
Server Version: version.Info{Major:"1", Minor:"5", GitVersion:"v1.5.2", GitCommit:"269f928217957e7126dc87e6adfa82242bfe5b1e", GitTreeState:"clean", BuildDate:"2017-07-03T15:31:10Z", GoVersion:"go1.7.4", Compiler:"gc", Platform:"linux/amd64"}

# 显示集群信息
$ kubectl cluster-info
Kubernetes master is running at http://localhost:8080
To further debug and diagnose cluster problems, use 'kubectl cluster-info dump'.

# 查看集群中有几个Node
$ kubectl get nodes
NAME        STATUS    AGE
127.0.0.1   Ready     18h

# 运行一个镜像
$ kubectl run my-nginx --image=nginx --replicas=2 --port=80
deployment "my-nginx" created

# 查看pod
$ kubectl  get pods
NAME                       READY     STATUS              RESTARTS   AGE
my-nginx-379829228-cwlbb   0/1       ContainerCreating   0          20s
my-nginx-379829228-czk6w   1/1       Running             0          20s

# 查看服务详情信息
$ kubectl  describe pod my-nginx-379829228-cwlbb

# 查看已部署
$ kubectl  get deployments
NAME       DESIRED   CURRENT   UP-TO-DATE   AVAILABLE   AGE
my-nginx   2         2         2            2           3m

# 删除pod
$ kubectl delete pod my-nginx-379829228-cwlbb
pod "my-nginx-379829228-cwlbb" deleted

# 再次查看pod，发现由于replicas机制，pod又生成一个新的
$ kubectl  get pods
NAME                       READY     STATUS              RESTARTS   AGE
my-nginx-379829228-czk6w   1/1       Running             0          11m
my-nginx-379829228-gjd7d   0/1       ContainerCreating   0          5s

# 删除部署的my-nginx服务。彻底删除pod
$ kubectl delete deployment my-nginx
deployment "my-nginx" deleted

4.部署mysql

1. MySQL服务创建一个 RC 文件。

apiVersion: v1
kind: ReplicationController
metadata:
  name: mysql-rc
  labels:
    name: mysql-rc
spec:
  replicas: 1
  selector:
    name: mysql-pod
  template:
    metadata:
      labels: 
        name: mysql-pod
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: mysql
        image: mysql
        imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
        ports:
        - containerPort: 3306
        env:
        - name: MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD
          value: "mysql"

2. MySQL服务创建一个 SVC 文件

apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: mysql-svc
  labels: 
    name: mysql-svc
spec:
  type: NodePort
  ports:
  - port: 3306
    protocol: TCP
    targetPort: 3306
    name: http
    nodePort: 32000
  selector:
    name: mysql-pod

3. 执行下面这两句话

# kubectl create -f mysql-rc.yaml 
# kubectl create -f mysql-svc.yaml 

这样就可以部署成功了

5. 部署tomcat

1. Tomcat 服务创建一个 RC 文件

apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: myweb
spec:
  replicas: 2
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: myweb
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: myweb
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: myweb
        image: kubeguide/tomcat-app:v1
        ports:
        - containerPort: 8080
        env:
        - name: MYSQL_SERVICE_HOST
          value: '10.254.230.147'    # kubectl get svc可得

        - name: MYSQL_SERVICE_PORT
          value: '3306'

2. Tomcat 服务创建一个 SVC 文件

apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: myweb
spec:
  type: NodePort
  ports:
  - port: 8080
    nodePort: 30001
  selector:
    app: myweb

3. 执行以下两句话，就可以部署成功

# kubectl create -f myweb-rc.yaml 
# kubectl create -f myweb-svc.yaml 

接下来我们查看一下我们的部署信息

• 查看pods
  
• 查看service
  
• 查看svc
  
  

6.连接数据库

kubectl get rc,services

yum install -y mysql

mysql -h 10.254.230.147 -P 3306 -uroot -p123456

可以看到，这边连接是没有问题的

# docker ps 

找到mysql的CONTAINER ID

这里我的是2f4e3f3314c9

suir
虽然连接成功，但是我们还是看到了一个警告，现在我们要做的就是消除这个警告

• 接着再输入以下命令

mysql> alter user 'root'@'%' identified with mysql_native_password by'root';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> 
mysql> alter user 'root'@'%' identified by '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

mysql> 
mysql> use mysql;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed
mysql> 
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> 
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

• 这个时候你再用mysql -h 10.109.17.0 -P 3306 -uroot -p123456这个命令直接登录就OK了
  
  在这里我们就实现了，一个tomcat访问一个mysql，不过我们接下来要尝试在一个虚拟机上，创建两个mysql服务，用tomcat去访问这两个mysql

6. web访问mysql
   

浏览器访问：http://127.0.0.1:30001/
会看到tomcat首页

• 访问成功
  
  进入mysql查看

# mysql -uroot -p123456                                             mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| HPE_APP            |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> use HPE_APP

mysql> show tables;
+-------------------+
| Tables_in_HPE_APP |
+-------------------+
| T_USERS           |
+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from T_USERS;
+----+---------------+-------+
| ID | USER_NAME     | LEVEL |
+----+---------------+-------+
|  1 | me            | 100   |
|  2 | our team      | 100   |
|  3 | HPE           | 100   |
|  4 | teacher       | 100   |
|  5 | docker        | 100   |
|  6 | google        | 100   |
|  7 | jiangxiaolong | 10000 |
+----+---------------+-------+
7 rows in set (0.01 sec)