（2023-2024-1）20232830《Linux内核原理分析与设计》第三周作业

（2023-2024-1）20232830《Linux内核原理分析与设计》第三周作业

1. 《庖丁解牛Linux分析》第3章

苏格拉底挑战之Linux内核的启动过程。

2. 实验二：完成一个简单的时间片轮转多道程序内核代码

2.1 加载Linux内核

使用实验楼终端按要求输入如下指令，进入linux-3.9.4目录执行：

cd LinuxKernel/linux-3.9.4
rm -rf mykernel
patch -p1 < ../mykernel_for_linux3.9.4sc.patch  
make allnoconfig
make  //输入以后等待编译完成
qemu -kernel arch/x86/boot/bzImage

make完成，Kernel is ready.

执行以下命令，使用QEMU虚拟机管理器，启动一个虚拟机并且加载Linux内核：
qemu -kernel arch/x86/boot/bzImage
但是由于代码中没有实现我们所需要的时间片轮转多道程序内核，因此没有相关的输出结果，只是在不停地输出一些字符串：>>>>>>>>my_timer_handler here <<<<<<<< 和 my_start_kernel here；

关闭QEMU窗口，cd 到 mykernel文件夹，查看mymain.c 和 myinterrupt.c两个文件的内容：


通过以上两个文件可以看到，QEMU管理器一直在输出的就是mymain.c文件中my_start_kernel函数和myinterrupt.c文件中my_timer_handler函数中的内容。

2.2 实现时间片轮转

通过链接: mykernel 获取时间片轮转多道程序源代码中的三个文件：myinterrupt.c，mymain.c和mypcb.h；输入以下指令对代码进行克隆：
git clone https://github.com/mengning/mykernel
无法克隆？那就只能手动上传了；

上传之后，将这三个文件进行替换：

替换完成，并新增mypcb.h头文件：

接着重新打开终端，执行以下指令：

cd LinuxKernel/linux-3.9.4
make allnoconfig
make  //重新编译
qemu -kernel arch/x86/boot/bzImage

可以看到输出结果如下：

可以看到，系统从执行进程process3切换到进程process0的过程；至此，我们就完成了一个简单的时间片轮转多道程序。

3. 附件（修改代码）

mypcb.h

#define MAX_TASK_NUM        4
#define KERNEL_STACK_SIZE   1024*8

/* CPU-specific state of this task */
struct Thread {
    unsigned long		ip;
    unsigned long		sp;
};

typedef struct PCB{
    int pid;
    volatile long state;	/* -1 unrunnable, 0 runnable, >0 stopped */
    char stack[KERNEL_STACK_SIZE];
    /* CPU-specific state of this task */
    struct Thread thread;
    unsigned long	task_entry;
    struct PCB *next;
}tPCB;

void my_schedule(void);

mymain.c

#include <linux/types.h>
#include <linux/string.h>
#include <linux/ctype.h>
#include <linux/tty.h>
#include <linux/vmalloc.h>


#include "mypcb.h"

tPCB task[MAX_TASK_NUM];
tPCB * my_current_task = NULL;
volatile int my_need_sched = 0;

void my_process(void);


void __init my_start_kernel(void)
{
    int pid = 0;
    int i;
    /* Initialize process 0*/
    task[pid].pid = pid;
    task[pid].state = 0;/* -1 unrunnable, 0 runnable, >0 stopped */
    task[pid].task_entry = task[pid].thread.ip = (unsigned long)my_process;
    task[pid].thread.sp = (unsigned long)&task[pid].stack[KERNEL_STACK_SIZE-1];
    task[pid].next = &task[pid];
    /*fork more process */
    for(i=1;i<MAX_TASK_NUM;i++)
    {
        memcpy(&task[i],&task[0],sizeof(tPCB));
        task[i].pid = i;
        task[i].state = -1;
        task[i].thread.sp = (unsigned long)&task[i].stack[KERNEL_STACK_SIZE-1];
        task[i].next = task[i-1].next;
        task[i-1].next = &task[i];
    }
    /* start process 0 by task[0] */
    pid = 0;
    my_current_task = &task[pid];
	asm volatile(
    	"movl %1,%%esp\n\t" 	/* set task[pid].thread.sp to esp */
    	"pushl %1\n\t" 	        /* push ebp */
    	"pushl %0\n\t" 	        /* push task[pid].thread.ip */
    	"ret\n\t" 	            /* pop task[pid].thread.ip to eip */
    	"popl %%ebp\n\t"
    	: 
    	: "c" (task[pid].thread.ip),"d" (task[pid].thread.sp)	/* input c or d mean %ecx/%edx*/
	);
}   
void my_process(void)
{
    int i = 0;
    while(1)
    {
        i++;
        if(i%10000000 == 0)
        {
            printk(KERN_NOTICE "this is process %d -\n",my_current_task->pid);
            if(my_need_sched == 1)
            {
                my_need_sched = 0;
        	    my_schedule();
        	}
        	printk(KERN_NOTICE "this is process %d +\n",my_current_task->pid);
        }     
    }
}

myinterupt.c

#include <linux/types.h>
#include <linux/string.h>
#include <linux/ctype.h>
#include <linux/tty.h>
#include <linux/vmalloc.h>

#include "mypcb.h"

extern tPCB task[MAX_TASK_NUM];
extern tPCB * my_current_task;
extern volatile int my_need_sched;
volatile int time_count = 0;

/*
 * Called by timer interrupt.
 * it runs in the name of current running process,
 * so it use kernel stack of current running process
 */
void my_timer_handler(void)
{
#if 1
    if(time_count%1000 == 0 && my_need_sched != 1)
    {
        printk(KERN_NOTICE ">>>my_timer_handler here<<<\n");
        my_need_sched = 1;
    } 
    time_count ++ ;  
#endif
    return;  	
}

void my_schedule(void)
{
    tPCB * next;
    tPCB * prev;

    if(my_current_task == NULL 
        || my_current_task->next == NULL)
    {
    	return;
    }
    printk(KERN_NOTICE ">>>my_schedule<<<\n");
    /* schedule */
    next = my_current_task->next;
    prev = my_current_task;
    if(next->state == 0)/* -1 unrunnable, 0 runnable, >0 stopped */
    {
    	my_current_task = next; 
    	printk(KERN_NOTICE ">>>switch %d to %d<<<\n",prev->pid,next->pid);  
    	/* switch to next process */
    	asm volatile(	
        	"pushl %%ebp\n\t" 	    /* save ebp */
        	"movl %%esp,%0\n\t" 	/* save esp */
        	"movl %2,%%esp\n\t"     /* restore  esp */
        	"movl $1f,%1\n\t"       /* save eip */	
        	"pushl %3\n\t" 
        	"ret\n\t" 	            /* restore  eip */
        	"1:\t"                  /* next process start here */
        	"popl %%ebp\n\t"
        	: "=m" (prev->thread.sp),"=m" (prev->thread.ip)
        	: "m" (next->thread.sp),"m" (next->thread.ip)
    	); 
 	
    }
    else
    {
        next->state = 0;
        my_current_task = next;
        printk(KERN_NOTICE ">>>switch %d to %d<<<\n",prev->pid,next->pid);
    	/* switch to new process */
    	asm volatile(	
        	"pushl %%ebp\n\t" 	    /* save ebp */
        	"movl %%esp,%0\n\t" 	/* save esp */
        	"movl %2,%%esp\n\t"     /* restore  esp */
        	"movl %2,%%ebp\n\t"     /* restore  ebp */
        	"movl $1f,%1\n\t"       /* save eip */	
        	"pushl %3\n\t" 
        	"ret\n\t" 	            /* restore  eip */
        	: "=m" (prev->thread.sp),"=m" (prev->thread.ip)
        	: "m" (next->thread.sp),"m" (next->thread.ip)
    	);          
    }   
    return;	
}