cookie介绍及应用

Cookie

会话：用户打开一个浏览器，点击了很多超链接 访问多个web资源 关闭浏览器 这个过程可以称之为会话

保存会话的两种技术

cookie

客户端技术（响应，请求）

session

服务器技术，利用这个技术 可以保存用户的会话信息 我们可以把信息或者数据放在session中

服务端响应给客户端cookie

Cookie[] cookies = req.getCookies();//获得Cookie
cookie.getName(); //获得cookie中的key
cookie.getValue();//获得cookie中的vlaue
new Cookie("lastLoginTime", System.currentTimeMillis() + "");//新建一个cookie
cookie.setMaxAge(24*60*60);//设置cookie的有效期
resp.addCookie(cookie);//响应给客户端一个cookie

cookie:一般会保存在本地的用户目录下appdata

一个网站cookie是否存在上限

一个Cookie只能保存一个信息

一个web站点可以给浏览器发送多个cookie,最多存放20个cookie；

Cookie大小限制4kb

300个cookie浏览器上限

删除cookie

​ 不设置有效期，关闭浏览器，自动失效

​ 设置有效期时间为0；

测试案例

package com.chen.servlet;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.Cookie;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.Date;

public class CookieDemo01 extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        req.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        resp.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        PrintWriter out = resp.getWriter();

        //Cookie,服务器端从客户端获取
        Cookie[] cookies = req.getCookies();//这里返回数组，说明Cookie可能存在多个

        //判断Cookie是否存在
        if (cookies != null){
            //如果存在
            out.write("你上一次访问的时间是：");
            for (int i = 0; i < cookies.length; i++) {
                Cookie cookie = cookies[i];
                if (cookie.getName().equals("lastLoginTime")){
                    //获取cookie中的值
                    long lastLoginTime = Long.parseLong(cookie.getValue());
                    Date date = new Date(lastLoginTime);
                    out.write(date.toLocaleString());
                }
            }
        }else {
            out.write("这是您第一次访问本站");
        }
        //服务给客户端响应一个cookie
        Cookie cookie = new Cookie("lastLoginTime", System.currentTimeMillis() + "");
        resp.addCookie(cookie);
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
       doGet(req, resp);
    }
}

package com.chen.servlet;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.Cookie;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

public class CookieDemo02 extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        Cookie cookie = new Cookie("name", "陈路瑶");
        resp.addCookie(cookie);
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">
<display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
<servlet>
  <servlet-name>CookieDemo01</servlet-name>
  <servlet-class>com.chen.servlet.CookieDemo01</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
  <servlet-name>CookieDemo01</servlet-name>
  <url-pattern>/c1</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>

  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>CookieDemo02</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>com.chen.servlet.CookieDemo02</servlet-class>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>CookieDemo02</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/c2</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>