linux安装python3 (Python-3.8.6)
查看是否安装了python
python -V
查看是否安装python3
python3 -V
安装都在root权限下完成
1.下载安装包
wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.8.6/Python-3.8.6.tgz
2.将文件进行解压到指定目录下,并对文件重命名
1、tar -zxvf Python-3.8.6.tgz -C /usr/local/ # 解压
2、mv Python-3.8.6/ python3 # 重命名(名字中不能有-,否则后续会出错)
安装python需要的依赖。成功后(Complete!)
3.准备编译环境
yum -y install zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel gcc make
4.编译安装
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/Python3 # 此处其中--prefix=/usr/local/Python3 是Python的安装目录,一定注意修改,不然python的安装目录下会没有bin文件
make
make install
5.建立Python3和pip3的软链:
ln -s /usr/local/Python3/bin/python3.8 /usr/bin/python3 # python3软链接
ln -s /usr/local/Python3/bin/pip3.8 /usr/bin/pip3 # pip3 软链接
注:如果软链接创建错误,可以通过以下语句删除
1、ln -s /usr/local/Python3/bin/pip3.8 /usr/bin/pip3 # 软链接=地址+软链接名称
2、rm -r /usr/bin/pip3 # /usr/bin/pip3 为软链接名
6.查看软链接,注意,如果软链接的字体为红色或者闪烁,则说明链接无效
[root@localhost /]# cd /usr/bin/
[root@localhost bin]# ll
找到如下两条
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 29 Apr 14 17:07 pip3 -> /usr/local/Python3/bin/pip3.8
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 32 Apr 14 17:07 python3 -> /usr/local/Python3/bin/python3.8
7.检查Python3及pip3是否正常可用:
[root@localhost Python3]# python3 -V
Python 3.8.6
[root@localhost Python3]# pip3 -V
pip 20.2.1 from /usr/local/Python3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pip (python 3.8)
[root@localhost Python3]#
附:pip的升级
pip3命令的升级
pip3 install --upgrade pip
pip命令的升级
pip install --upgrade pip