linux下Mysql安装

（1）上传mysql

①.在 /opt 下 创建mysql文件夹

mkdir mysql

②.在/opt/mysql目录下解压mysql安装包

 tar -xvf mysql-8.0.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz 

③.重命名文件夹为mysql-8.0.20

mv mysql-8.0.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz  mysql-8.0.20

（2）安装mysql

①.创建data文件夹存储文件

mkdir /opt/mysql/mysql-8.0.20/data 

②.创建用户组以及用户和密码

 groupadd mysql

 useradd -g mysql mysql

③.授权用户

chown -R mysql.mysql /opt/mysql/mysql-8.0

④.mysql初始化

./mysqld --user=mysql --basedir=/opt/mysql/mysql-8.0.20 --datadir=/opt/mysql/mysql-8.0.20/data/ --initialize

⑤.报错信息

./mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libaio.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

出现该问题首先检查该链接库文件有没有安装使用

rpm -qa|grep libaio

运行该命令后发现系统中无该链接库文件， 使用命令安装

yum install  libaio-devel.x86_64

⑥.继续运行数据库的初始化命令，成功后得到临时密码

⑦.编辑my.cnf文件

 vi /etc/my.cnf

basedir=/opt/mysql/mysql-8.0.20 
datadir=/opt/mysql/mysql-8.0.20/data/ 
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
character-set-server=UTF8MB4

⑧.添加mysqld服务到系统

 cp -a ./support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql

⑨.授权以及添加服务

  chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysql

  chkconfig --add mysql

⑩.启动mysql服务

service mysql start

⑪.报错信息

[ roote162 mysqL-8.0.20]# service mysql start 
Starting MysqL.2022-08-02T82:00:14.169470Z mysqld_safe error: log-error set to"/var/log/mariadb/mariadb. log", however file don't exists. Create writable for user'm 
ERROR! The server quit without updating PrD file (/opt/mysql/mysql-8.0.20/data//162. novalocal. pid).

mysqld_safe 配置的日志目录并没有创建

[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log
pid-file=/var/run/mariadb/mariadb.pid

直接创建授权

mkdir /var/log/mariadb     
touch /var/log/mariadb/mariadb.log

mysql 用户和用户对目录进行授权

chown -R mysql:mysql /var/log/mariadb/

⑫再次启动mysql并查看状态

 service mysql start

 service mysql status

⑬将mysql命令添加到服务

 ln -s /opt/mysql/mysql-8.0.20/bin/mysql /usr/bin

（3）登录mysql

①.用临时密码登录

mysql mysql -uroot -p <5sYmeLFwJWx

②.修改root密码

ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'Bolanyishumysql@12';

③.刷新配置

 flush privileges;

④.选择mysql数据库

use mysql;

⑤.修改远程连接并生效,退出

update user set host='%' where user='root';

flush privileges;

exit;