SpringMVC
一、MVC
MVC模式(Model–view–controller)是软件工程中的一种软件架构模式,把软件系统分为三个基本部分:模型(Model)、视图(View)和控制器(Controller)。MVC模式的目的是实现一种动态的程式设计,使后续对程序的修改和扩展简化,并且使程序某一部分的重复利用成为可能。
*模型(Model) - 程序员编写程序应有的功能(实现算法等等)、数据库专家进行数据管理和数据库设计(可以实现具体的功能)。
*视图(View) - 界面设计人员进行图形界面设计。
*控制器(Controller)- 负责转发请求,对请求进行处理。
二、servlet
*1.新建空工程,新建模块的时候,添加web框架支持。
*2.添加pom依赖
spring-webmvc
servlet-api
jsp-api
jstl
<!-- org.springframework/spring-webmvc -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>5.3.22</version>
</dependency>
<!-- artifact/jakarta.servlet/jakarta.servlet-api -->
<dependency>
<groupId>jakarta.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jakarta.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>5.0.0</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- artifact/jakarta.servlet.jsp/jakarta.servlet.jsp-api -->
<dependency>
<groupId>jakarta.servlet.jsp</groupId>
<artifactId>jakarta.servlet.jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>3.0.0</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- artifact/jakarta.servlet.jsp.jstl/jakarta.servlet.jsp.jstl-api -->
<dependency>
<groupId>jakarta.servlet.jsp.jstl</groupId>
<artifactId>jakarta.servlet.jsp.jstl-api</artifactId>
<version>3.0.0</version>
</dependency>
*3.新建一个类去继承HttpServlet
@WebServlet("/tests")
public class HelloServlet extends HttpServlet {
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
//1.获取前段参数
String method = request.getParameter("method");
if (method.equals("add")) {
request.getSession().setAttribute("msg","执行了add方法");
}
if (method.equals("delete")) {
request.getSession().setAttribute("msg","执行了delete方法");
}
//2.调用业务层
//3.视图转发或重定向
request.getRequestDispatcher("/test.jsp").forward(request,response);
}
}
*4.index页面提交表单数据
<html>
<head>
<title>index</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="/springmvc_01_servlet/tests" method="post">
<input type="text" name="method">
<input type="submit" value="tijaio">
</form>
</body>
</html>
*5.数据展示
<html>
<head>
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
${msg}
</body>
</html>
三、SpringMVC
Spring MVC是一个基于Java的、实现了MVC设计模式的、请求驱动类型的—轻量级Web框架,通过把Model,View,Controller分离,将web层进行职责解耦,把复杂的web应用分成逻辑清晰的几部分,高效开发。
Spring MVC 与许多其他 Web 框架一样,是围绕前端控制器模式设计的,该模型非常灵活,支持多种工作流程。(DispatcherServlet)
1.代码实现
- xml方式
*1.pom添加依赖
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-webmvc -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>5.3.22</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet/javax.servlet-api -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>4.0.1</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet/jsp-api -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>2.0</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet/jstl -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
*2.web.xml中配置DispatchServlet(前端控制器)
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<!--DispatcherServlet绑定spring的配置文件-->
<!--通过初始化参数指定SpringMVC配置文件的位置来进行关联-->
<init-param>
<!-- 配置地址定位-->
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springmvc-servlet.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<!-- 启动级别:1-->
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!-- /和/*的区别:
/ 只会匹配不包括jsp页面
/* 匹配所有请求 包括jsp页面-->
所有请求过来先去DispatchServlet,通过DispatchServlet绑定的spring配置文件去找处理器映射器接着往下走。
*3.resource中新建spring的配置文件springmvc-servlet.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<!-- 处理器映射器-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping"/>
<!-- 处理器适配器-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter"/>
<!-- 视图解析器-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" id="InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/"/>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
<!-- BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping:bean-->
<bean id="/hello" class="com.hdat.HelloController"/>
</beans>
配置处理器映射器,匹配地址为/hello的请求,通过处理器适配器映射到控制器,在控制器中得到视图名和请求数据,经视图解析器将视图名拼接为完整路径。
*4.控制器配置HelloController.java
public class HelloController implements Controller {
@Override
public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();
//业务代码
String result = "HelloSpringMVC";
modelAndView.addObject("msg",result);
//视图跳转
modelAndView.setViewName("test");
return modelAndView;
}
}
*5.数据展示页面test.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>数据展示页面</title>
</head>
<body>
请求${msg}
</body>
</html>
请求http://localhost:8088/springmvc_02_hellomvc/hello,经过处理,最终跳转到数据展示页面。
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
注意点:
1.Tomcat现在还需要使用9版本
2.如果404,就去看看out里面是否有lib,如果没有,Project Structrue->Artifacts中手动加一下
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
原理图:
- 注解方式
**1.pom添加依赖
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-webmvc -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>5.3.22</version>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet/javax.servlet-api -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>4.0.1</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet/jsp-api -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>2.0</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet/jstl -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
-------------------------------------------------------------------
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/java</directory>
<includes>
<include>**/*.properties</include>
<include>**/*.xml</include>
</includes>
<filtering>false</filtering>
</resource>
</resources>
**2.web.xml中配置DispatchServlet(前端控制器)
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<!--DispatcherServlet绑定spring的配置文件-->
<!--通过初始化参数指定SpringMVC配置文件的位置来进行关联-->
<init-param>
<!-- 配置地址定位-->
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springmvc-servlet.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<!-- 启动级别:1-->
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!-- /和/*的区别:
/ 只会匹配不包括jsp页面
/* 匹配所有请求 包括jsp页面-->
所有请求过来先去DispatchServlet,通过DispatchServlet绑定的spring配置文件去找处理器映射器接着往下走。
**3.resource中新建spring的配置文件springmvc-servlet.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">
<context:component-scan base-package="com.hdat.controller"/>
<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
<!-- 视图解析器 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"
id="internalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/"/>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
</bean>
</beans>
*自动扫描包,让指定包下的注解生效,由IOC容器统一管理
*让Spring MVC不处理静态资源 .css .js .mp4
*支持mvc注解驱动。在Spring中一般采用@RequestMapping注解来完成映射关系;要想使@RequestMapping注解生效,必须向上下文中注册DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping和一个AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter实例;这两个实例分别在类级别和方法级别处理。而annotation-driven配置帮助我们自动完成上述两个实例的注入。
*放到WEB-INF下面,外面不可以直接访问
**4.控制器配置HelloController.java
@Controller
public class HelloController {
@RequestMapping("/hello")
public String hello(Model modle){
modle.addAttribute("msg","hellospringmvc");
return "jsp/test";//视图名
}
@RequestMapping("/hello2")
public String hello2(Model modle){
modle.addAttribute(
"msg","hellospringmvc2");
return "jsp/test2";
}
}
*@Controller代表这个类会被spring接管,这个类中的所有方法,如果返回值是String,并且有具体页面可以跳转,就会被视图解析器解析
*jsp就是WEB-INF下面建的子文件夹,这样写,只要拖动文件,return的值就会跟着改变,不需要手动更改,jsp前面的/放到前缀中去,稳妥一点
**5.数据展示页面1-test.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>数据展示页面</title>
</head>
<body>
请求${msg}
</body>
</html>
**6.数据展示页面2-test2.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>数据展示页面</title>
</head>
<body>
请求${msg}
</body>
</html>
2.关于@RequestMapping注解
用于映射URL到控制器类或是特定方法。用于类和方法上。
*注解在方法上
@Controller
public class HelloController {
@RequestMapping("/hello")
public String hello(Model modle){
modle.addAttribute("msg","hellospringmvc");
return "jsp/test";//视图名
}
}
访问路径:http://localhost:8088/springmvc_03_annotation/hello
*注解在方法和类上
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/admin")
public class HelloController {
@RequestMapping("/hello")
public String hello(Model modle){
modle.addAttribute("msg","hellospringmvc");
return "jsp/test";//视图名
}
}
访问路径:http://localhost:8088/springmvc_03_annotation/admin/hello
3.关于RESTful风格
RESTful(表现层状态转换)是一种万维网软件架构风格,目的是便于不同软件/程序在网络(例如互联网)中互相传递信息。需要注意的是,REST是风格而不是标准。REST模式与复杂的SOAP和XML-RPC相比更加简洁,越来越多的Web服务开始采用REST风格设计和实现. 特点:简洁高效安全
- 普通的写法
@Controller
public class RestFulController {
@RequestMapping("/add")
public String test1(int a, int b, Model model){
int res = a + b;
model.addAttribute("msg",res);
return "jsp/test";
}
}
访问路径:http://localhost:8088/springmvc_03_annotation/add?a=1&b=2
- REST
@RequestMapping("/add/{a}/{b}")
public String test2(@PathVariable int a,@PathVariable int b, Model model){
int res = a + b;
model.addAttribute("msg",res);
return "jsp/test";
}
访问路径:http://localhost:8088/springmvc_03_annotation/add/1/2
使用@PathVariable 注解,可以让参数的值绑定到一个URI变量上。这样外面看不到参数名是什么,比较安全。
请求方法不同,访问的方法体就不同。可以通过method方法约束请求类型
@RequestMapping(value = "/add/{a}/{b}",method = {RequestMethod.GET})
public String test3(@PathVariable int a,@PathVariable int b, Model model){
int res = a + b;
model.addAttribute("msg",res);
return "jsp/test";
}
或者使用注解
@GetMapping("/add/{a}/{b}")
public String test4(@PathVariable int a,@PathVariable int b, Model model){
int res = a + b;
model.addAttribute("msg",res);
return "jsp/test";
}
如果两个同路径同类型的方法同时出现,就会报500错误。方法混淆,不知道访问哪个方法了。
4.关于重定向和转发
- 传统转发
@RequestMapping("/addsss")
public void test8(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException, ServletException {
request.setAttribute("msg","hello");
request.getRequestDispatcher("/WEB-INF/jsp/test.jsp").forward(request,response);
}
转发可以访问WEB-INF下面的资源,因为转发是服务器内部跳转的。
- 传统重定向
@RequestMapping("/addss")
public void test7(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {
HttpSession session = request.getSession();
session.setAttribute("msg","hello");
response.sendRedirect(request.getContextPath()+"/index.jsp");
}
重定向不能访问WEB-INF下面的资源,因为重定向相当于客户端访问,无法访问安全目录。
- 转发
@RequestMapping(value = "/add/{a}/{b}",method = {RequestMethod.GET})
public String test3(@PathVariable int a,@PathVariable int b, Model model){
int res = a + b;
model.addAttribute("msg",res);
return "jsp/test";
}
携带着数据,默认用的就是转发,如果使用视图解析器的话,只需要返回视图名即可
@RequestMapping(value = "/add/{a}/{b}",method = {RequestMethod.GET})
public String test3(@PathVariable int a,@PathVariable int b, Model model){
int res = a + b;
model.addAttribute("msg",res);
return "forward:/WEB-INF/jsp/test.jsp";
}
如果不使用视图解析器,那就需要返回完整地址,forward只能在这个时候出现,有视图解析器的时候不能出现,否则会被拼接进去。
- 重定向
@RequestMapping("/adds")
public String test6(Model model){
return "redirect:index.jsp";
}
使用重定向的话就要加上redirect:了,不论使用或不使用视图解析器。因为即便是使用视图解析器,也不会过视图解析器,redirect:也不会被拼接进去。
- 使用重定向访问WEB-INF安全目录下资源
@RequestMapping("/adds")
public String test6(Model model){
return "redirect:/tiao";
}
@RequestMapping("/tiao")
public String test9(Model model){
return "/jsp/test";//存在视图解析器
}
先重定向再转发
5.关于数据接收与响应
- 接收
@RequestMapping("/testmsg")
public String test(@RequestParam("name") String name, Model model){
System.out.println("从前端接收到的参数是:"+name);
model.addAttribute("msg",name);
return "/jsp/test";
}
@RequestParam("name")可以写也可以不写,最好写上,可读性好。这是接收一个参数的情况。
@RequestMapping("/testmsg2")
public String test2(User user, Model model){
System.out.println(user);
return "/jsp/test";
}
如果接收的是一个对象,前端传的参数名要和实体类中属性名一致,否则返回null
现在请求http://localhost:8088/springmvc_03_annotation/testmsg2?id=1&name=hzj&age=21
打印:User(id=1, name=hzj, age=21)
- 响应
1.使用ModelAndView
public class HelloController implements Controller {
@Override
public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();
//业务代码
String result = "HelloSpringMVC";
modelAndView.addObject("msg",result);
//视图跳转
modelAndView.setViewName("test");
return modelAndView;
}
}
2.使用Model
@Controller
public class UserController {
@RequestMapping("/testmsg")
public String test(@RequestParam("name") String name, Model model){
System.out.println("从前端接收到的参数是:"+name);
model.addAttribute("msg",name);
return "/jsp/test";
}
}
参数只要名字对应,可以自动获取
3.使用Mapping
@RequestMapping("/testmsg3")
public String test3(@RequestParam("name") String name, Model model){
System.out.println("从前端接收到的参数是:"+name);
model.addAttribute("msg",name);
return "/jsp/test";
}
ModelMap 继承了LinkedMap,在实现自身一些方法的同时,也继承了LinkedMap的方法。
6.关于乱码问题
- 1.首先看一下tomcat里conf的servlet.xml是否配置了编码
<Connector port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
connectionTimeout="20000"
redirectPort="8443"
URIEncoding="UTF-8"/>
- 2.使用SpringMVC的乱码过滤器
在web.xml中配置过滤器
<filter>
<filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>utf-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
- 3.实在解决不了,尝试使用这个过滤器
package com.hdat.filter;
import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequestWrapper;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.util.Map;
/**
* @ClassName: GenericEncodingFilter
* @Author:
* @Create: 2022/8/26 0026 18:54 Created with IntelliJ IDEA
* @Description:解决get和post请求 全部乱码的过滤器
**/
public class GenericEncodingFilter implements Filter {
@Override
public void destroy() {
}
@Override
public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
//处理response的字符编码
HttpServletResponse myResponse=(HttpServletResponse) response;
myResponse.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
// 转型为与协议相关对象
HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest = (HttpServletRequest) request;
// 对request包装增强
HttpServletRequest myrequest = new MyRequest(httpServletRequest);
chain.doFilter(myrequest, response);
}
@Override
public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {
}
}
//自定义request对象,HttpServletRequest的包装类
class MyRequest extends HttpServletRequestWrapper {
private HttpServletRequest request;
//是否编码的标记
private boolean hasEncode;
//定义一个可以传入HttpServletRequest对象的构造函数,以便对其进行装饰
public MyRequest(HttpServletRequest request) {
super(request);// super必须写
this.request = request;
}
// 对需要增强方法 进行覆盖
@Override
public Map getParameterMap() {
// 先获得请求方式
String method = request.getMethod();
if (method.equalsIgnoreCase("post")) {
// post请求
try {
// 处理post乱码
request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
return request.getParameterMap();
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
} else if (method.equalsIgnoreCase("get")) {
// get请求
Map<String, String[]> parameterMap = request.getParameterMap();
if (!hasEncode) { // 确保get手动编码逻辑只运行一次
for (String parameterName : parameterMap.keySet()) {
String[] values = parameterMap.get(parameterName);
if (values != null) {
for (int i = 0; i < values.length; i++) {
try {
// 处理get乱码
values[i] = new String(values[i]
.getBytes("ISO-8859-1"), "utf-8");
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
hasEncode = true;
}
return parameterMap;
}
return super.getParameterMap();
}
//取一个值
@Override
public String getParameter(String name) {
Map<String, String[]> parameterMap = getParameterMap();
String[] values = parameterMap.get(name);
if (values == null) {
return null;
}
return values[0]; // 取回参数的第一个值
}
//取所有值
@Override
public String[] getParameterValues(String name) {
Map<String, String[]> parameterMap = getParameterMap();
String[] values = parameterMap.get(name);
return values;
}
}
web.xml
<filter>
<filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
<filter-class>com.hdat.filter.GenericEncodingFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
7.关于json的问题
- JavaScript中json的格式转换
<script type="text/javascript">
//JavaScript对象
var user = {
name : "坏蛋阿土",
age : 21,
sex : "哈哈"
};
//转换为json对象
var jsonstr = JSON.stringify(user);
console.log(jsonstr);
//转换为JavaScript对象
var user2 = JSON.parse(jsonstr);
console.log(user2);
</script>
JavaScript对象转换为json对象: JSON.stringify();
json对象转换为JavaScript对象: JSON.parse();
- Java中json的格式转换
- jackson
添加pom依赖
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.fasterxml.jackson.core/jackson-databind -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
<version>2.12.6.1</version>
</dependency>
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/router")
@ResponseBody //就不走视图解析器了,只返回字符串
public String json() throws JsonProcessingException {
//jackson
ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();
User user = new User("坏蛋阿土",21 );
String s = objectMapper.writeValueAsString(user);
return s;
}
此时返回的json还会乱码
解决
方式一:每个controller都加编码
@RequestMapping(value = "/router",produces = "application/json;charset=utf-8")
@ResponseBody //就不走视图解析器了,只返回字符串
public String json() throws JsonProcessingException {
//jackson
ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();
User user = new User("坏蛋阿土",21 );
String s = objectMapper.writeValueAsString(user);
return s;
}
produces = "application/json;charset=utf-8" 这样麻烦一点
方式二:在springmvc-servlet.xml中进行配置
<!-- json乱码解决-->
<mvc:annotation-driven>
<mvc:message-converters register-defaults="true">
<bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter">
<constructor-arg value="UTF-8"/>
</bean>
<bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter">
<property name="objectMapper">
<bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.Jackson2ObjectMapperFactoryBean">
<property name="failOnEmptyBeans" value="false"/>
</bean>
</property>
</bean>
</mvc:message-converters>
</mvc:annotation-driven>
统一解决
在类上面配置@RestController注解,类下面的方法就只会返回json字符串
@RestController
public class UserController {
@RequestMapping("/router")
public String json() throws JsonProcessingException {
//jackson
ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();
User user = new User("坏蛋阿土",21 );
String s = objectMapper.writeValueAsString(user);
return s;
}
}
前后端分离,不需要视图解析器,就使用@RestController进行注解;@Controller会走视图解析器,@RestController不会走视图解析器,直接返回字符串
返回json集合
@RequestMapping("/router2")
public String json2() throws JsonProcessingException {
//jackson
ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();
List<User> userList = new ArrayList<User>();
User user = new User("坏蛋阿土",21 );
User user2 = new User("坏蛋阿土2",22 );
userList.add(user);
userList.add(user2);
String s = objectMapper.writeValueAsString(userList);
return s;
}
[{"id":0,"name":"坏蛋阿土","age":21},{"id":0,"name":"坏蛋阿土2","age":22}]
封装工具类JsonUtils
public class JsonUtils {
public static String getJson(Object object){
return JsonUtils.getJson(object,"yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
}
public static String getJson(Object object,String dateFormat){
ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();
//不使用时间戳
objectMapper.configure(SerializationFeature.WRITE_DATES_AS_TIMESTAMPS,false);
//自定义日期格式
SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat(dateFormat);
objectMapper.setDateFormat(sdf);
try {
return objectMapper.writeValueAsString(object);
} catch (JsonProcessingException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
}
直接调用工具类即可
@RequestMapping("/router3")
public String json3() throws JsonProcessingException {
Date date = new Date();
return JsonUtils.getJson(date,"yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
}
@RequestMapping("/router4")
public String json4() throws JsonProcessingException {
User user = new User("坏蛋阿土",21 );
return JsonUtils.getJson(user);
}
- fastjson
添加pom依赖
<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.alibaba/fastjson -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
<version>2.0.12</version>
</dependency>
User user = new User("坏蛋阿土",21 );
User user2 = new User("坏蛋阿土2",22 );
//java对象->json字符串
String s = JSON.toJSONString(user);
System.out.println(s);
//json字符串->java对象
User jsonObject = JSON.parseObject(s,User.class);
System.out.println(jsonObject.toString());
//java对象->json对象
JSONObject jso = (JSONObject)JSON.toJSON(user2);
System.out.println(jso.toString());
//json对象->java对象
User jo = JSON.toJavaObject(jso,User.class);
System.out.println(jo);
java对象->json字符串----JSON.toJSONString()
json字符串->java对象----JSON.parseObject()
java对象->json对象------JSON.toJSON()
json对象->java对象------JSON.toJavaObject()
最后感谢未曾相识的师父狂神说-秦疆!致敬