Servlet级文件上传与下载【来源狂神说JavaWeb】

文件上传

import com.mysql.cj.util.StringUtils;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileItem;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.FileUploadException;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.ProgressListener;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.disk.DiskFileItemFactory;
import org.apache.commons.fileupload.servlet.ServletFileUpload;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.*;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.UUID;

public class FileUploadPractice extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //判断上传的文件是普通表单还是带文件的表单
        if(!ServletFileUpload.isMultipartContent(req)){
            return;
        }
        //创建上传文件的保存路径，建议在WEB-INF路径下，安全，用户无法直接访问上传的文件；
        String uPath = this.getServletContext().getRealPath("/WEB-INF/upload");
        File uploadPath = new File(uPath);
        if(!uploadPath.exists()){
            uploadPath.mkdir();//创建这个目录
        }

        //缓存，临时文件
        //临时路径，假设文件超过了预期的大小，我们就把他放到一个临时文件中，过几天自动删除，或者提醒用户转存为永久
        String tmp = this.getServletContext().getRealPath("/WEB-INF/tmp");
        File tmpPath = new File(tmp);
        System.out.println("ContextPath:"+this.getServletContext().getContextPath());
        if(!tmpPath.exists()){
            tmpPath.mkdir();
        }

        //处理上传的文件，一般都需要通过流来获取，我们可以使用request.getInputStream(),原生态的文件上传流获取，十分麻烦
        //但是我们都建议使用Apache的文件上传组件来实现，common-fileupload，它需要依赖于commons-io组件；

        //1.创建DiskFileItemFactory对象，处理文件上传路径或者大小限制
        DiskFileItemFactory factory = getDiskFileItemFactory(tmpPath);
        //2.获取ServletFileUpload
        ServletFileUpload upload = getServletFileUpload(factory);
        String msg = "上传错误";
        //3.处理上传的文件
        try {
            msg = uploadParseRequest(upload, req, uploadPath);
        }catch (FileUploadException | IOException e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        req.setAttribute("msg",msg);
        req.getRequestDispatcher("fileUploadPractice.jsp").forward(req,resp);
    }

    /**
     * 创建DiskFileItemFactory对象，处理文件上传路径或者大小限制
     * @param file
     * @return DiskFileItemFactory
     */
    private static DiskFileItemFactory getDiskFileItemFactory(File file){
        DiskFileItemFactory factory = new DiskFileItemFactory();
        //通过这个工厂设置一个缓冲区，当上传的文件大于这个缓冲区的时候，将他存放在临时文件中
        factory.setSizeThreshold(1024*1024);//缓冲区大小1M
        factory.setRepository(file);//临时文件的保存目录
        return factory;
    }

    private static ServletFileUpload getServletFileUpload(DiskFileItemFactory factory){
        ServletFileUpload upload = new ServletFileUpload(factory);
        //监听文件上传进度：
        upload.setProgressListener(new ProgressListener() {
            @Override
            public void update(long pBytesRead, long pContentLength, int pItems) {
                //pBytesRead:已经读取到的文件大小
                //pContentLength:文件大小
                System.out.println("总大小："+pContentLength+" 已上传："+pBytesRead);
            }
        });
        //处理乱码问题
        upload.setHeaderEncoding("UTF-8");
        //设置单个文件的最大值
        upload.setFileSizeMax(1024*1024*10);
        //设置总共能够上传文件的大小
        upload.setSizeMax(1024*1024*10);

        return upload;
    }

    private static String uploadParseRequest(ServletFileUpload upload,HttpServletRequest req,File uploadPath) throws FileUploadException,IOException {
        //把前端请求解析，封装成一个FileItem对象
        String msg = "";

        List<FileItem> fileItems = upload.parseRequest(req);
        //fileItem 每个表单对象
        for(FileItem fileItem:fileItems) {
            if (fileItem.isFormField()) {//判断上传的文件是普通的表单还是带文件的表单
                //如果是普通表单
                //getFieldName指的是前端表单控件的name
                String name = fileItem.getFieldName();
                String value = fileItem.getString("UTF-8");//处理乱码
                System.out.println(name+":"+value);
            }else {
                //如果是文件

                //=========处理文件==========//
                String uploadFilePath = fileItem.getName();
                System.out.println("上传的文件的带路径的文件名：" + uploadFilePath);
                if (StringUtils.isNullOrEmpty(uploadFilePath)) {
                    continue;
                }
                //获得上传的文件名
                String fileName = uploadFilePath.substring(uploadFilePath.lastIndexOf("/") + 1);
                //获得文件的后缀名
                String fileExtName = uploadFilePath.substring(uploadFilePath.lastIndexOf(".") + 1);
                /*
                如果文件后缀名 fileExtName 不是我们想要的
                就直接return，不处理，告诉用户文件类型不对
                 */
                System.out.println("文件信息 [件名：" + fileName + "---文件类型" + fileExtName + "]");
                //可以使用UUID（唯一识别的通用码），保证文件名唯一
                String uuidPath = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
                //=========处理文件完毕==========//

                /*
                网络传输中的东西，都需要序列化。POJO，实体类，如果想要在多个电脑上运行，传输，都要把对象序列化了
                序列化方法： implements Serializable 这个接口是一个标记接口（空接口），没有需要实现的方法，仅仅是提示JVM进行特殊处理（调用native本地方法）
                 */

                //=========存放地址==========//
                //存到哪？uploadPath
                //文件真实存在的路径 realPath
                String realPath = uploadPath + "/" + uuidPath;
                //给每个文件创建一个对应的文件夹
                File realPathDir = new File(realPath);
                if (!realPathDir.exists()) {
                    realPathDir.mkdir();
                }
                //=========存放地址处理完毕==========//

                //============文件上传=============//
                //获取文件上传的流
                InputStream inputStream = fileItem.getInputStream();
                //创建一个文件输出流
                //realPath = 真实的文件夹；
                //差了一个文件；加上输出文件的名字+"/"+uuidFileName
                FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(realPath + "/" + fileName);
                //创建一个缓冲区
                byte[] buffer = new byte[1024 * 1024];
                //判断是否读取完毕
                int len = 0;
                //如果大于0说明还存在数据
                while ((len = inputStream.read(buffer)) > 0) {
                    fos.write(buffer, 0, len);
                }

                msg = "文件上传成功！";
                fileItem.delete();//上传成功，清除临时文件
                //===========文件传输完毕=============//
            }
        }
        return msg;
    }
}

文件下载

package org.myweb.servlet;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URLEncoder;

public class FileServlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException {
        try {
            String realPath = this.getServletContext().getRealPath("照片.PNG");
            System.out.println("被下载文件的路径：" + realPath);
            String fileName = realPath.substring(realPath.lastIndexOf("\\") + 1);
            resp.setHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + URLEncoder.encode(fileName, "UTF-8"));
            FileInputStream in = new FileInputStream(realPath);
            int len = 0;
            byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
            ServletOutputStream out = resp.getOutputStream();
            while ((len = in.read(buffer)) > 0) {
                out.write(buffer, 0, len);
            }
            in.close();
            out.close();
        }catch(Exception e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
}