本文介绍了一个使用Python编写的网络设备自动化巡检脚本，包括华为、H3C、飞塔、Cisco和Radware等设备的交互脚本，通过运行这些脚本收集数据并写入文件，然后进行数据处理和邮件通知，最终实现定时任务自动化巡检，大大提高了工作效率。
1、基本信息
我公司之前采用的是人工巡检，但奈何有大量网络设备，往往巡检需要花掉一上午（还是手速快的话）,浪费时间浪费生命。
这段时间正好在学 Python ，于是乎想(其)要(实)解(就)放(是)双(懒)手。
好了，脚本很长又比较挫，有耐心就看看吧。
需要巡检的设备如下：
设备清单
|
设备型号
—|---
防火墙
|
华为 E8000E
|
H3C M9006
|
飞塔 FG3950B
交换机
|
华为 S9306
|
H3C S12508
|
Cisco N7K
路由器
|
华为 NE40E
负载
|
Radware RD5412
|
Radware RD6420
2、采集数据并写入文件
相关设备巡检命令就不介绍了。。。
01DMZ-E8000E.py # 华为 E8000E 交互脚本
#!/usr/bin/env python
import pexpect
import sys
import datetime
d1=datetime.datetime.now()
d3=d1+datetime.timedelta(days=-1)
tdy=d3.strftime('%b %d')
today=datetime.date.today().strftime('%Y%m%d')
tt=tdy.split()
if int(tt[-1]) < 10:
tdy=tdy.replace('0',' ')
ip=str(sys.argv[1])
passwd=str(sys.argv[2])
password=str(sys.argv[3])
child=pexpect.spawn('ssh 用户名@%s'%ip)
fout=file('/usr/sh/shell/linux/xunjian/'+today+'/01DMZ-E8000E.txt','w')
child.logfile = fout
child.expect('(?i)ssword:')
child.sendline("%s"%passwd)
child.expect('(?i)E8000E-1>')
child.sendline("su")
child.expect("(?i)assword:")
child.sendline("%s"%password)
child.expect("(?i)E8000E-1>")
child.sendline("dis device | ex Normal")
child.expect("(?i)E8000E-1>")
child.sendline("dis version")
index = child.expect(["(?i)---- More ----","(?i)E8000E-1>"])
if ( index == 0 ):
child.send("a")
child.expect("(?i)E8000E-1>")
child.sendline("dis temperature")
child.expect("(?i)E8000E-1>")
child.sendline("dir")
index = child.expect(["(?i)---- More ----","(?i)E8000E-1>"])
if ( index == 0 ):
child.send("a")
child.expect("(?i)E8000E-1>")
child.sendline("dis memory-usage")
child.expect("(?i)E8000E-1>")
child.sendline("dis hrp state")
child.expect("(?i)E8000E-1>")
child.sendline("dis firewall session table")
index = child.expect(["(?i)---- More ----","(?i)E8000E-1>"])
if ( index == 0 ):
child.send("a")
child.expect("(?i)E8000E-1>")
child.sendline("dis ip routing-table protocol static")
child.expect("(?i)E8000E-1>")
child.sendline("dis int brief | in up")
child.expect("(?i)E8000E-1>")
child.sendline("dis acl 3004")
index = child.expect(["(?i)---- More ----","(?i)E8000E-1>"])
if ( index == 0 ):
child.send("a")
child.expect("(?i)E8000E-1>")
child.sendline("dis acl 3005")
index = child.expect(["(?i)---- More ----","(?i)E8000E-1>"])
if ( index == 0 ):
child.send("a")
child.expect("(?i)E8000E-1>")
child.sendline("dis acl 3006")
index = child.expect(["(?i)---- More ----","(?i)E8000E-1>"])
if ( index == 0 ):
child.send("a")
child.expect("(?i)E8000E-1>")
child.sendline("dis acl 3007")
index = child.expect(["(?i)---- More ----","(?i)E8000E-1>"])
if ( index == 0 ):
child.send("a")
child.expect("(?i)E8000E-1>")
child.sendline("dis alarm all")
child.expect("(?i)E8000E-1>")
child.sendline("dis logbuffer | in %s"%tdy)
for i in range(20):
index = child.expect(["(?i)---- More ----","(?i)E8000E-1>"])
if ( index == 0 ):
child.send(" ")
else:
child.sendline("q")
break
02_03-M9006.py # H3C M9006 交互脚本
#!/usr/bin/env python
import pexpect
import sys
import datetime
d1=datetime.datetime.now()
d3=d1+datetime.timedelta(days=-1)
tdy=d3.strftime('%b')
today=datetime.date.today().strftime('%Y%m%d')
ip=str(sys.argv[1])
passwd=str(sys.argv[2])
password=str(sys.argv[3])
if ip == '判断ip，手动打码':
txt='03SM-M9006.txt'
else:
txt='02DMZ-M9006.txt'
child=pexpect.spawn('ssh 用户名@%s'%ip)
fout=file('/usr/sh/shell/linux/xunjian/'+today+'/'+txt,'w')
child.logfile = fout
child.expect('(?i)ssword:')
child.sendline("%s"%passwd)
child.expect('(?i)M9006>')
child.sendline("su")
child.expect("(?i)assword:")
child.sendline("%s"%password)
child.expect("M9006>")
child.sendline("dis device | ex Normal")
child.expect("M9006>")
child.sendline("dis version | in uptime")
child.expect("M9006>")
child.sendline("dis environment")
for i in range(10):
index = child.expect(["(?i)---- More ----","M9006>"])
if ( index == 0 ):
child.send(" ")
else:
child.sendline("dir | in total")
break
child.expect("M9006>")
child.sendline("dis memory")
for i in range(10):
index = child.expect(["(?i)---- More ----","M9006>"])
if ( index == 0 ):
child.send(" ")
else:
child.sendline("dis irf link")
break
child.expect("M9006>")
child.sendline("dis redundancy group")
child.expect("---- More ----")
child.send('a')
child.expect("M9006>")
child.sendline("dis session statistics summary")
child.expect("M9006>")
child.sendline("dis ip routing-table protocol static")
child.expect("M9006>")
child.sendline("dis int brief | in UP")
for i in range(10):
index = child.expect(["(?i)---- More ----","M9006>"])
if ( index == 0 ):
child.send(" ")
else:
break
if ip == '判断ip':
child.sendline("dis acl 3001")
for i in range(10):
index = child.expect(["(?i)---- More ----","M9006>"])
if ( index == 0 ):
child.send(" ")
else:
child.sendline("dis acl 3002")
child.expect("M9006>")
child.sendline("dis alarm")
break
else:
child.sendline("dis object-policy ip")
for i in range(20):
index = child.expect(["(?i)---- More ----","M9006>"])
if ( index == 0 ):
child.send(" ")
else:
child.sendline("dis alarm")
break
child.expect("M9006>")
child.sendline("dis logbuffer reverse | in %s"%tdy)
index = child.expect(["(?i)---- More ----","M9006>"]) 这边其实只要一个 for 循环就可以了，不高兴改了
if ( index == 0 ):
child.send(" ")
index = child.expect(["(?i)---- More ----","M9006>"])
if ( index == 0 ):
child.send(" ")
index = child.expect(["(?i)---- More ----","M9006>"])
if ( index == 0 ):
child.send(" ")
index = child.expect(["(?i)---- More ----","M9006>"])
if ( index == 0 ):
child.send(" ")
index = child.expect(["(?i)---- More ----","M9006>"])
if ( index == 0 ):
child.send(" ")
index = child.expect(["(?i)---- More ----","M9006>"])
if ( index == 0 ):
child.send(" ")
index = child.expect(["(?i)---- More ----","M9006>"])
if ( index == 0 ):
child.send(" ")
index = child.expect(["(?i)---- More ----","M9006>"])
if ( index == 0 ):
child.send(" ")
index = child.expect(["(?i)---- More ----","M9006>"])
if ( index == 0 ):
child.send(" ")
index = child.expect(["(?i)---- More ----","M9006>"])
if ( index == 0 ):
child.send("a")
index = child.expect(["(?i)---- More ----","M9006>"])
if ( index == 0 ):
child.send("a")
else:
child.sendline('')
child.expect("M9006>")
child.sendline("q")
04IN-FG3950B.py # 飞塔 FG3950B 交互脚本
#!/usr/bin/env python
import pexpect
import sys
import datetime
today=datetime.date.today().strftime('%Y%m%d')
ip=str(sys.argv[1])
passwd=str(sys.argv[2])
child=pexpect.spawn('ssh 用户@%s'%ip)
fout=file('/usr/sh/shell/linux/xunjian/'+today+'/04IN-FG3950B.txt','w')
child.logfile = fout
child.expect('(?i)ssword:')
child.sendline("%s"%passwd)
child.expect('W-IN-FG3950-1 #')
child.sendline("get sys performance status")
for i in range(5):
index = child.expect(["(?i)--More--","W-IN-FG3950-1 #"])
if ( index == 0 ):
child.send(" ")
else:
child.sendline("diagnose sys session stat")
break
child.expect('W-IN-FG3950-1 #')
child.sendline("get route info routing-table static")
child.expect('--More--')
child.send(' ')
child.expect('W-IN-FG3950-1 #')
child.sendline("exit")
05_06DMZ-S9306.py # 华为 S9306 交互脚本
#!/usr/bin/env python
import pexpect
import sys
import datetime
d1=datetime.datetime.now()
d3=d1+datetime.timedelta(days=-1)
tdy=d3.strftime('%b %d')
today=datetime.date.today().strftime('%Y%m%d')
tt=tdy.split()
if int(tt[-1]) < 10:
tdy=tdy.replace('0',' ')
ip=str(sys.argv[1])
passwd=str(sys.argv[2])
password=str(sys.argv[3])
child=pexpect.spawn('ssh 用户名@%s'%ip)
if ip == '判断ip，不止一个该类型设备':
txt='05DMZ-S9306-1.txt'
else:
txt='06DMZ-S9306-2.txt'
fout=file('/usr/sh/shell/linux/xunjian/'+today+'/'+txt,'w')
child.logfile = fout
child.expect('(?i)ssword:')
child.sendline("%s"%passwd)
child.expect('<JSYD-WX-12580-DMZ-9306')
child.sendline("su")
child.expect("(?i)assword:")
child.sendline("%s"%password)
child.expect("<JSYD-WX-12580-DMZ-9306")
child.sendline("dis device")
child.expect("<JSYD-WX-12580-DMZ-9306")
child.sendline("dis version | in Quidway")
child.expect("<JSYD-WX-12580-DMZ-9306")
child.sendline("dir")
child.expect("<JSYD-WX-12580-DMZ-9306")
child.sendline("dis cpu-usage")
index = child.expect(["(?i)---- More ----","<JSYD-WX-12580-DMZ-9306(?i)"])
if ( index == 0 ):
child.send("a")
child.expect("<JSYD-WX-12580-DMZ-9306")
child.sendline("dis memory-usage")
child.expect("<JSYD-WX-12580-DMZ-9306")
child.sendline("dis int brief | in up")
child.expect("<JSYD-WX-12580-DMZ-9306")
child.sendline("dis vrrp brief")
child.expect("<JSYD-WX-12580-DMZ-9306")
child.sendline("dis mac-address total-number")
child.expect("<JSYD-WX-12580-DMZ-9306")
child.sendline("dis arp statistics all")
child.expect("<JSYD-WX-12580-DMZ-9306")
child.sendline("dis ip routing-table protocol static")
child.expect("<JSYD-WX-12580-DMZ-9306")
child.sendline("dis temperature all")
child.expect("<JSYD-WX-12580-DMZ-9306")
child.sendline("dis alarm all")
child.expect("<JSYD-WX-12580-DMZ-9306")
child.sendline("dis logbuffer | in %s"%tdy)
for i in range(50):
index = child.expect(["(?i)---- More ----","<JSYD-WX-12580-DMZ-9306(?i)"])
if ( index == 0 ):
child.send(" ")
else:
child.sendline("q")
break
07_08-S12508.py # H3C S12508 交互脚本
#!/usr/bin/env python
import pexpect
import sys
import datetime
d1=datetime.datetime.now()
d3=d1+datetime.timedelta(days=-1)
tdy=d3.strftime('%b %d')
today=datetime.date.today().strftime('%Y%m%d')
tt=tdy.split()
if int(tt[-1]) < 10:
tdy=tdy.replace('0',' ')
ip=str(sys.argv[1])
passwd=str(sys.argv[2])
password=str(sys.argv[3])
child=pexpect.spawn('ssh 用户名@%s'%ip)
IP=['ip1','ip2']
if ip == IP[0]:
txt='07DMZ-S12508.txt'
name='<W-DMZ-G1G2-12508>'
else:
txt='08IN-S12508.txt'
name='<W-IN-G7G8-12508>'
fout=file('/usr/sh/shell/linux/xunjian/'+today+'/'+txt,'w')
child.logfile = fout
child.expect('(?i)ssword:')
child.sendline("%s"%passwd)
child.expect("%s"%name)
child.sendline("su")
child.expect("(?i)assword:")
child.sendline("%s"%password)
child.expect("%s"%name)
child.sendline("dis device | ex Normal")
child.expect("%s"%name)
child.sendline("dis version | in H3C S12508")
child.expect("%s"%name)
child.sendline("dir")
child.expect("%s"%name)
child.sendline("dis memory")
child.expect("%s"%name)
child.sendline("dis irf link")
for i in range(10):
index = child.expect(["(?i)---- More ----","%s"%name])
if ( index == 0 ):
child.send(" ")
else:
child.sendline("dis int brief | in UP")
break
for i in range(20):
index = child.expect(["(?i)---- More ----","%s"%name])
if ( index == 0 ):
child.send(" ")
else:
child.sendline("dis mac-address count")
break
child.expect("%s"%name)
child.sendline("dis arp all count")
if ip == "手动打码":
child.expect("%s"%name)
child.sendline("dis ip routing-table vpn-instance Dmz protocol static")
for i in range(20):
index = child.expect(["(?i)---- More ----","%s"%name])
if ( index == 0 ):
child.send(" ")
else:
child.sendline("dis ip routing-table vpn-instance Inside protocol static")
for i in range(20):
index = child.expect(["(?i)---- More ----","%s"%name])
if ( index == 0 ):
child.send(" ")
else:
child.sendline(" ")
break
break
child.expect("%s"%name)
child.sendline("dis environment")
for i in range(50):
index = child.expect(["(?i)---- More ----","%s"%name])
if ( index == 0 ):
child.send(" ")
else:
child.sendline("dis alarm")
break
child.expect("%s"%name)
child.sendline("dis logbuffer | in %s"%tdy)
for i in range(50):
index = child.expect(["(?i)---- More ----","%s"%name])
if ( index == 0 ):
child.send(" ")
else:
child.sendline("q")
sys.exit()
09_10SM-N7K.py # Cisco N7K 交互脚本
#!/usr/bin/env python
import pexpect
import sys
import datetime
today=datetime.date.today().strftime('%Y%m%d')
ip=str(sys.argv[1])
passwd=str(sys.argv[2])
child=pexpect.spawn('telnet %s'%ip)
if ip == '是个ip':
txt='09SM-N7K-1.txt'
name='W-SM-N7K-1#'
else:
txt='10SM-N7K-2.txt'
name='W-SM-N7K-2#'
fout=file('/usr/sh/shell/linux/xunjian/'+today+'/'+txt,'w')
child.logfile = fout
child.expect('login:')
child.sendline("发送用户名")
child.expect('(?i)ssword:')
child.sendline("%s"%passwd)
child.expect("%s"%name)
child.sendline("sh hardware | in ok")
child.expect("%s"%name)
child.sendline("sh version | in uptime")
child.expect("%s"%name)
child.sendline("dir")
child.expect("%s"%name)
child.sendline("sh int brief | in up")
for i in range(10):
index = child.expect(["(?i)More--","%s"%name])
if ( index == 0 ):
child.send(" ")
else:
child.sendline("sh hsrp brief")
break
child.expect("%s"%name)
child.sendline("sh mac address-table count")
child.expect("%s"%name)
child.sendline("sh ip arp | in number")
child.expect("%s"%name)
child.sendline("sh ip route static summary")
child.expect("%s"%name)
child.sendline("sh environment temperature")
for i in range(10):
index = child.expect(["(?i)More--","%s"%name])
if ( index == 0 ):
child.send(" ")
else:
child.sendline("sh vpc")
break
for i in range(10):
index = child.expect(["(?i)More--","%s"%name])
if ( index == 0 ):
child.send(" ")
else:
child.sendline("sh logging last 30")
break
for i in range(10):
index = child.expect(["(?i)More--","%s"%name])
if ( index == 0 ):
child.send(" ")
else:
child.sendline("exit")
sys.exit()
11_12DMZ-NE40E.py # 华为 NE40E 交互脚本
#!/usr/bin/env python
import pexpect
import sys
import datetime
d1=datetime.datetime.now()
d3=d1+datetime.timedelta(days=-1)
tdy=d3.strftime('%b %d')
today=datetime.date.today().strftime('%Y%m%d')
tt=tdy.split()
if int(tt[-1]) < 10:
tdy=tdy.replace('0',' ')
ip=str(sys.argv[1])
passwd=str(sys.argv[2])
child=pexpect.spawn('ssh 用户名@%s'%ip)
IP=['ip1','ip2']
if ip == IP[0]:
txt='11DMZ-NE40E-1.txt'
name='<W-SM-E11-NE40E-01>'
elif ip == IP[1]:
txt='12DMZ-NE40E-2.txt'
name='<W-SM-E12-NE40E-02>'
else:
print "IP Input Error!"
sys.exit()
fout=file('/usr/sh/shell/linux/xunjian/'+today+'/'+txt,'w')
child.logfile = fout
child.expect('(?i)ssword:')
child.sendline("%s"%passwd)
child.expect("(?i)N]:")
child.sendline("n")
child.expect("%s"%name)
child.sendline("dis device | ex Normal")
child.expect("%s"%name)
child.sendline("dis version | in NE40E-X8 uptime")
child.expect("%s"%name)
child.sendline("dir")
index = child.expect(["(?i)---- More ----","%s"%name])
if ( index == 0 ):
child.send(" ")
index = child.expect(["(?i)---- More ----","%s"%name])
if ( index == 0 ):
child.send(" ")
else:
child.sendline("dis memory-usage")
else:
child.sendline("dis memory-usage")
child.expect("%s"%name)
child.sendline("dis int brief | in up")
child.expect("%s"%name)
child.sendline("dis ip routing-table protocol static")
child.expect("%s"%name)
child.sendline("dis temperature")
for i in range(40):
index = child.expect(["(?i)---- More ----","%s"%name])
if ( index == 0 ):
child.send(" ")
else:
child.sendline("dis alarm all")
break
child.expect("%s"%name)
child.sendline("dis logbuffer | in %s"%tdy)
for i in range(30):
index = child.expect(["(?i)---- More ----","%s"%name])
if ( index == 0 ):
child.send(" ")
else:
child.sendline("q")
break
13_16-RD5412_6420.py # Radware RD5412 交互脚本，只要掌握一个，其他都是套路
#!/usr/bin/env python
import pexpect
import sys
import datetime
d1=datetime.datetime.now()
d3=d1+datetime.timedelta(days=-1)
tdy=d3.strftime('%b %d')
today=datetime.date.today().strftime('%Y%m%d')
tt=tdy.split()
if int(tt[-1]) < 10:
tdy=tdy.replace('0',' ')
ip=str(sys.argv[1])
passwd=str(sys.argv[2])
child=pexpect.spawn('ssh 还是用户名@%s'%ip)
IP=['ip1','ip2','ip3','ip4']
if ip == IP[0]:
txt='13DMZ-RD5412-1.txt'
elif ip == IP[1]:
txt='14DMZ-RD5412-2.txt'
elif ip == IP[2]:
txt='15SM-RD6420-1.txt'
elif ip == IP[3]:
txt='16SM-RD6420-2.txt'
else:
print "IP Input Error!"
sys.exit()
name='Standalone ADC(?i)'
fout=file('/usr/sh/shell/linux/xunjian/'+today+'/'+txt,'w')
child.logfile = fout
child.expect('(?i)ssword:')
child.sendline("%s"%passwd)
if ip == IP[3]:
child.expect("(?i)y]:")
child.sendline("y")
child.expect("%s"%name)
child.sendline("/i/sys/general")
child.expect("%s"%name)
child.sendline("/i/sys/ps")
child.expect("%s"%name)
child.sendline("/i/sys/fan")
child.expect("%s"%name)
child.sendline("/i/link")
index = child.expect(["Press q to quit, any other key to continue","%s"%name])
if ( index == 0 ):
child.send
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