解析mybatis一级缓存与二级缓存的原理

1.mybatis中的缓存是在mybatis框架中的Executor中来实现的，我们来看一下Executor的继承图

2.通过以上类图我们可以发现Executor接口下有两大实现类BaseExecutor与CachingExecutor

（1）BaseExecutor（用来存储我们的一级缓存）

@Override
  public <E> List<E> query(MappedStatement ms, Object parameter, RowBounds rowBounds, ResultHandler resultHandler, CacheKey key, BoundSql boundSql) throws SQLException {
    ErrorContext.instance().resource(ms.getResource()).activity("executing a query").object(ms.getId());
    if (closed) {
      throw new ExecutorException("Executor was closed.");
    }
    if (queryStack == 0 && ms.isFlushCacheRequired()) {
      clearLocalCache();
    }
    List<E> list;
    try {
      queryStack++;
      list = resultHandler == null ? (List<E>) localCache.getObject(key) : null;  //会先去localCache中去查找我们的数据
      if (list != null) {
        handleLocallyCachedOutputParameters(ms, key, parameter, boundSql);
      } else {
        list = queryFromDatabase(ms, parameter, rowBounds, resultHandler, key, boundSql);  //如不存在则会去数据库中查找
      }
    } finally {
      queryStack--;
    }
    if (queryStack == 0) {
      for (DeferredLoad deferredLoad : deferredLoads) {
        deferredLoad.load();
      }
      // issue #601
      deferredLoads.clear();
      if (configuration.getLocalCacheScope() == LocalCacheScope.STATEMENT) {
        // issue #482
        clearLocalCache();
      }
    }
    return list;
  }

（2）CachingExecutor（是装饰器模式的实现，用来查询我们的二级缓存）

@Override
  public <E> List<E> query(MappedStatement ms, Object parameterObject, RowBounds rowBounds, ResultHandler resultHandler, CacheKey key, BoundSql boundSql)
      throws SQLException {
    Cache cache = ms.getCache();    //在MappedStatement中去获取二级缓存的类型。
    if (cache != null) {
      flushCacheIfRequired(ms);
      if (ms.isUseCache() && resultHandler == null) {
        ensureNoOutParams(ms, boundSql);
        @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
        List<E> list = (List<E>) tcm.getObject(cache, key); //通过tcm来查询缓存，而tcm是CachingExecutor中的变量TransactionalCacheManager
        if (list == null) {
          list = delegate.<E> query(ms, parameterObject, rowBounds, resultHandler, key, boundSql); //delegate为CachingExecutor中保存的BaseExecutor的引用，若二级缓存不存在回去调用BaseExecutor的方法。
          tcm.putObject(cache, key, list); // issue #578 and #116
        }
        return list;
      }
    }

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3.当我们开启二级缓存后Mybatis会使用CachingExecutor去装饰我们的BaseExecutor,所以会先查询二级缓存后再去查询一级缓存。

Configuration中的newExecutor方法public Executor newExecutor(Transaction transaction, ExecutorType executorType) {
    executorType = executorType == null ? defaultExecutorType : executorType;
    executorType = executorType == null ? ExecutorType.SIMPLE : executorType;
    Executor executor;
    if (ExecutorType.BATCH == executorType) {    //判断Executor的类型
      executor = new BatchExecutor(this, transaction);
    } else if (ExecutorType.REUSE == executorType) {
      executor = new ReuseExecutor(this, transaction);
    } else {
      executor = new SimpleExecutor(this, transaction);
    }
    if (cacheEnabled) {                          //如果二级缓存开启则使用CachingExecutor去装饰我们的executor;
      executor = new CachingExecutor(executor);
    }
    executor = (Executor) interceptorChain.pluginAll(executor);
    return executor;
  }

4.一级缓存与二级缓存的作用范围

（1）一级缓存(由于一级缓存是存在BaseExecutor中的，而Executor又作为创建SqlSession的参数，因此一级缓存具有和sqlsession一样的生命周期)

这是在SqlSessionFactory中调用openSession（）中调用的方法private SqlSession openSessionFromDataSource(ExecutorType execType, TransactionIsolationLevel level, boolean autoCommit) {
    Transaction tx = null;
    try {
      final Environment environment = configuration.getEnvironment();
      final TransactionFactory transactionFactory = getTransactionFactoryFromEnvironment(environment);
      tx = transactionFactory.newTransaction(environment.getDataSource(), level, autoCommit);
      final Executor executor = configuration.newExecutor(tx, execType);  //新建一个Executor作为参数传给DefaultSqlSession
      return new DefaultSqlSession(configuration, executor, autoCommit);
    } catch (Exception e) {
      closeTransaction(tx); // may have fetched a connection so lets call close()
      throw ExceptionFactory.wrapException("Error opening session.  Cause: " + e, e);
    } finally {
      ErrorContext.instance().reset();
    }
  }

（2）二级缓存(使用CachingExecutor来装饰)

//CachingExecutor中的query方法@Override
  public <E> List<E> query(MappedStatement ms, Object parameterObject, RowBounds rowBounds, ResultHandler resultHandler, CacheKey key, BoundSql boundSql)
      throws SQLException {
    Cache cache = ms.getCache();        //由此可见我们的二级缓存并不是储存在CachingExecutor中的，而是从MappedStatement中去获取。因此mybatis的二级缓存的生命周期为mapper级别的
    if (cache != null) {
      flushCacheIfRequired(ms);
      if (ms.isUseCache() && resultHandler == null) {
        ensureNoOutParams(ms, boundSql);
        @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
        List<E> list = (List<E>) tcm.getObject(cache, key);
        if (list == null) {
          list = delegate.<E> query(ms, parameterObject, rowBounds, resultHandler, key, boundSql);
          tcm.putObject(cache, key, list); // issue #578 and #116
        }
        return list;
      }
    }
    return delegate.<E> query(ms, parameterObject, rowBounds, resultHandler, key, boundSql);
  }