cookie和session

最新推荐文章于 2024-05-21 23:21:19 发布

weixin_51646732

最新推荐文章于 2024-05-21 23:21:19 发布

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文章标签： servlet 前端服务器

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_51646732/article/details/124310522

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怎么让网站知道你之前访问过？

服务器给客户端发送一个信件（cookie），下次客户端再来的时候带着信件来服务器就知道了
服务器记录客户端的信息，下次过来的时候服务器再匹配（会话session）
- cookie 客户端技术通过request得到客户端信息
- session 服务器技术通过servletcontext保存信息

public class TestCookie extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        resp.setHeader("Content-Type", "text/html");
        resp.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        req.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        PrintWriter out = resp.getWriter();

//获取客户端带过来的cookie
        Cookie[] cookies = req.getCookies();
        if (cookies!=null){
            for (int i = 0; i < cookies.length; i++) {

                Cookie cookie = cookies[i];
                //        获取cookie的名字
                String name = cookie.getName();
                //把cookie的有效时间设置为1天
                cookie.setMaxAge(24*60*60);
                //如果cookie的名字是服务端上次给客户端的名字就
                if (name.equals("lastlogintime")){
                    out.write("你上次访问的时间是：");
                    String time = cookie.getValue();
                    long t = Long.parseLong(time);
                    Date date = new Date(t);
                    out.write(date.toLocaleString());
                }else {
                    out.write("您是第一次访问网站");
                }

            }
        }

//创建一个cookie
        Cookie cookie = new Cookie("lastlogintime",System.currentTimeMillis()+"");
//        将cookie送给客户端
        resp.addCookie(cookie);
    }

<servlet>
    <servlet-name>cookie</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>com.n.TestCookie</servlet-class>
</servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>cookie</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/c</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

删除cookie

把cookie的有效时间设为0
不设置有效时间的情况下关闭浏览器结束会话，cookie就失效了

public class delCookie extends HttpServlet
{
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
//        创建一个名字为lastlogintime的cookie，并把它的有效时间设置为0（就把刚刚那个cookie给删除了）
        Cookie cookie = new Cookie("lastlogintime", System.currentTimeMillis()+"");
        cookie.setMaxAge(0);
        resp.addCookie(cookie);
    }

<servlet>
    <servlet-name>delcookie</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>com.n.delCookie</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>delcookie</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/d</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>

转码，解码

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保存位置

细节：一个网站的cookie是否存在上限

一个cookie只能保存一个信息
一个web站点可给浏览器发送多个cookie，最多20个
cookie大小限制4kb
300个cookie浏览器上限

session

什么是session：

服务器会给每一个用户（浏览器）创建一个session对象
一个session独占一个浏览器，只要session没有关闭就session就存在
用户登录后，整个网站里面的所有页面都可以使用，–》保存用户的信息，保存购物车的信息

一个session独占一个浏览器

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public class TestSession extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
     //解决乱码问题
        resp.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        req.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        resp.setContentType("text/html");
        //进入网站后服务器自动给客户端一个session，现在先get一个session
        HttpSession session = req.getSession();
        //给session存一个东西
        session.setAttribute("name","妮妮");
        //获取session的id
        String sessionId = session.getId();
        //判断session是不是新生成的
        if (session.isNew()){
            resp.getWriter().write("session创建成功了，sessionid:"+sessionId);
        }else {
            resp.getWriter().write("session已经在服务器中存在了"+sessionId);
        }
//session创建的时候做了什么
//        Cookie cookie = new Cookie("JSESSIONID",sessionId);
//        resp.addCookie(cookie);
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }

public class TestSession extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
     //解决乱码问题
        resp.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        req.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        resp.setContentType("text/html");
        //进入网站后服务器自动给客户端一个session，现在先get一个session
        HttpSession session = req.getSession();
        //给session存一个东西
        session.setAttribute("name",new Person("妮娜",18));
        //获取session的id
        String sessionId = session.getId();
        //判断session是不是新生成的
        if (session.isNew()){
            resp.getWriter().write("session创建成功了，sessionid:"+sessionId);
        }else {
            resp.getWriter().write("session已经在服务器中存在了"+sessionId);
        }
//session创建的时候做了什么
//        Cookie cookie = new Cookie("JSESSIONID",sessionId);
//        resp.addCookie(cookie);
    }

public class getSession extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //解决乱码问题
        resp.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        req.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        resp.setContentType("text/html");
        HttpSession session = req.getSession();
        String name = (String) session.getAttribute("name");
        System.out.println(name);
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
}

public class getSession2 extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //解决乱码问题
        resp.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        req.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
        resp.setContentType("text/html");
        HttpSession session = req.getSession();
        Person name = (Person) session.getAttribute("name");
        System.out.println(name.toString());
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
}

package pojo;

public class Person {
    private String name;
    private int age;

    public Person(String name, int age) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }

    public Person() {

    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public void setAge(int age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Person{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", age=" + age +
                '}';
    }
}

public class delSession extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        HttpSession session = req.getSession();
//        移除掉保存的数据
        session.removeAttribute("name");
//        删除session
        session.invalidate();
    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
       doGet(req, resp);
    }
}

   <servlet>
        <servlet-name>TestSession</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>com.n.TestSession</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>TestSession</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/s1</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>getSession</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>com.n.getSession</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>getSession</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/s2</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>delSession</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>com.n.delSession</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>delSession</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/s3</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>getSession2</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>com.n.getSession2</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>getSession2</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/s4</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

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cookie和session

怎么让网站知道你之前访问过？服务器给客户端发送一个信件（cookie），下次客户端再来的时候带着信件来服务器就知道了服务器记录客户端的信息，下次过来的时候服务器再匹配（会话session）cookie 客户端技术通过request得到客户端信息session 服务器技术通过servletcontext保存信息public class TestCookie extends HttpServlet { @Override protected void doGet
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cookie和session

保存位置

session

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