滤波步骤:
理想低通滤波器可以表示为:
理想高通滤波器表示为:
低通与高通的不同在于生成的矩阵中1与0分布的不同
1.1 矩形孔--低通
(D0=40)
f = imread('guangshan.png');
f = rgb2gray(f);
f = im2double(f);
subplot(2,3,1) ;imshow(f);title('原图');
% 计算填充图像大小
[M,N] = size(f);
M2 = 2*M;
N2 = 2*N;
% 傅里叶变换
F = fftshift(fft2(f,M2,N2));
subplot(2,3,2);imshow(mat2gray(log(1+abs(F))));title('傅里叶频谱');
% 设计滤波器
D0=40;
h=zeros(M2,N2);
for i=1:M2
for j=1:N2
if((abs(M2/2-i)<D0)&&(abs(N2/2-j)<D0))
h(i,j)=1;
end
end
end
H = mat2gray(h);% 理想低通滤波器
subplot(2,3,3);imshow(H);title('理想低通滤波器');
% 频域滤波
G = F.*H;
subplot(2,3,4);imshow(mat2gray(log(1+abs(G))));title('频域滤波');
g0 = ifft2(fftshift(G));
g = g0(1:M,1:N);
g = real(g);
subplot(2,3,5);imshow(g);title('滤波后的图像');
(D0=80)
f = imread('guangshan.png');
f = rgb2gray(f);
f = im2double(f);
subplot(2,3,1) ;imshow(f);title('原图');
% 计算填充图像大小
[M,N] = size(f);
M2 = 2*M;
N2 = 2*N;
% 傅里叶变换
F = fftshift(fft2(f,M2,N2));
subplot(2,3,2);imshow(mat2gray(log(1+abs(F))));title('傅里叶频谱');
% 设计滤波器
D0=80;
h=zeros(M2,N2);
for i=1:M2
for j=1:N2
if((abs(M2/2-i)<D0)&&(abs(N2/2-j)<D0))
h(i,j)=1;
end
end
end
H = mat2gray(h);% 理想低通滤波器
subplot(2,3,3);imshow(H);title('理想低通滤波器');
% 频域滤波
G = F.*H;
subplot(2,3,4);imshow(mat2gray(log(1+abs(G))));title('频域滤波');
g0 = ifft2(fftshift(G));
g = g0(1:M,1:N);
g = real(g);
subplot(2,3,5);imshow(g);title('滤波后的图像');
1.2 矩形孔--高通
(D0=40)
f = imread('guangshan.png');
f = rgb2gray(f);
f = im2double(f);
subplot(2,3,1) ;imshow(f);title('原图');
% 计算填充图像大小
[M,N] = size(f);
M2 = 2*M;
N2 = 2*N;
% 傅里叶变换
F = fftshift(fft2(f,M2,N2));
subplot(2,3,2);imshow(mat2gray(log(1+abs(F))));title('傅里叶频谱');
% 设计滤波器
D0=40;
h=zeros(M2,N2);
for i=1:M2
for j=1:N2
if((abs(M2/2-i)<D0)&&(abs(N2/2-j)<D0))
h(i,j)=0;
else
h(i,j)=1;
end
end
end
H = mat2gray(h);% 理想低通滤波器
subplot(2,3,3);imshow(H);title('理想高通滤波器');
% 频域滤波
G = F.*H;
subplot(2,3,4);imshow(mat2gray(log(1+abs(G))));title('频域滤波');
g0 = ifft2(fftshift(G));
g = g0(1:M,1:N);
g = real(g);
subplot(2,3,5);imshow(g);title('滤波后的图像');
(D0=80)
f = imread('guangshan.png');
f = rgb2gray(f);
f = im2double(f);
subplot(2,3,1) ;imshow(f);title('原图');
% 计算填充图像大小
[M,N] = size(f);
M2 = 2*M;
N2 = 2*N;
% 傅里叶变换
F = fftshift(fft2(f,M2,N2));
subplot(2,3,2);imshow(mat2gray(log(1+abs(F))));title('傅里叶频谱');
% 设计滤波器
D0=80;
h=zeros(M2,N2);
for i=1:M2
for j=1:N2
if((abs(M2/2-i)<D0)&&(abs(N2/2-j)<D0))
h(i,j)=0;
else
h(i,j)=1;
end
end
end
H = mat2gray(h);% 理想低通滤波器
subplot(2,3,3);imshow(H);title('理想高通滤波器');
% 频域滤波
G = F.*H;
subplot(2,3,4);imshow(mat2gray(log(1+abs(G))));title('频域滤波');
g0 = ifft2(fftshift(G));
g = g0(1:M,1:N);
g = real(g);
subplot(2,3,5);imshow(g);title('滤波后的图像');
在上一个代码中修改:
D0=80;
矩形孔滤波器的低通与高通差别是代码中for里判断后的赋值不同。
2.1 圆形孔径--低通
f = imread('guangshan.png');
f = rgb2gray(f);
f = im2double(f);
subplot(2,3,1) ;imshow(f);title('原图');
% 计算填充图像大小
[M,N] = size(f);
M2 = 2*M;
N2 = 2*N;
% 傅里叶变换
F = fftshift(fft2(f,M2,N2));
% 设计滤波器
u=-N:N-1;
v=-M:M-1;
[U,V]=meshgrid(u,v);
D=hypot(U,V);
D0=40;
H=mat2gray(D<D0);%圆心孔径低通滤波器40
subplot(2,3,2);imshow(H);title('理想低通滤波器半径40');
D1=80;
HH=mat2gray(D<D1);%圆心孔径低通滤波器80
subplot(2,3,3);imshow(HH);title('理想低通滤波器半径80');
% 频域滤波
G = F.*H;
GG= F.*HH;
%傅里叶逆变换
g0 = ifft2(fftshift(G));
g1 = ifft2(fftshift(GG));
g = g0(1:M,1:N);
gg = g1(1:M,1:N);
g = real(g);
gg = real(gg);
subplot(2,3,4);imshow(g);title('半径40滤波后的图像');
subplot(2,3,5);imshow(gg);title('半径80滤波后的图像');
2.2 圆形孔径--高通
f = imread('guangshan.png');
f = rgb2gray(f);
f = im2double(f);
subplot(2,3,1) ;imshow(f);title('原图');
% 计算填充图像大小
[M,N] = size(f);
M2 = 2*M;
N2 = 2*N;
% 傅里叶变换
F = fftshift(fft2(f,M2,N2));
% 设计滤波器
u=-N:N-1;
v=-M:M-1;
[U,V]=meshgrid(u,v);
D=hypot(U,V);
D0=40;
H=mat2gray(D>D0);%圆心孔径低通滤波器40
subplot(2,3,2);imshow(H);title('理想低通滤波器半径40');
D1=80;
HH=mat2gray(D>D1);%圆心孔径低通滤波器80
subplot(2,3,3);imshow(HH);title('理想低通滤波器半径80');
% 频域滤波
G = F.*H;
GG= F.*HH;
%傅里叶逆变换
g0 = ifft2(fftshift(G));
g1 = ifft2(fftshift(GG));
g = g0(1:M,1:N);
gg = g1(1:M,1:N);
g = real(g);
gg = real(gg);
subplot(2,3,4);imshow(g);title('半径40滤波后的图像');
subplot(2,3,5);imshow(gg);title('半径80滤波后的图像');
圆形孔径滤波器的低通与高通差别是代码中矩阵转灰度图像函数(mat2gray())中判断不同导致赋值不同。