图书馆管理系统实现（完整作品和后端实现）
文章示例程序下载地址：
https://download.csdn.net/download/weixin_51717597/85422178
github完整项目源码
https://github.com/Junzhou-Chen/MFCLibrary
图书馆管理系统需求
1、图书管理基本业务模拟
- 书的登记内容包括书号、书名、著作者、现存量和库存量；
- 建立索引表（线性表）以提高查找效率；
a)采编入库：新购一种书，确定书号后，登记到图书帐目表中，如果表中已有，则只将库存量增加；
b)借阅：如果一种书的现存量大于0，则借出一本，登记借阅者的书证号和归还期限，改变现存量；
c)归还：注销对借阅者的登记，改变该书的现存量。 - 主要功能如下：
输出形式：能按书号、书名、著作者查找库存的书籍信息
能按学生的借书证号显示学生信息和借阅信息
书籍入库
借书功能实现
还书功能实现
设计思想
后端数据处理
利用面向对象思想，实例对象书和学生，对两者附加相关方法和属性，同时使用XML对文件信息进行存储，方法为调用tinystr.h的一个xml读写库。之后将其封装为静态lib库进行接口调用
可视化实现
使用MFC进行窗口编写，实现图书馆可视化。
效果展示
后端代码
注：首先在官网下载xml文件包，链接：https://sourceforge.net/projects/tinyxml/
引入自己的库，然后开始实现接口，写好后端接口封装为lib静态库，根据接口撰写前端可视化就好啦。
LibraryMes.h
#pragma once
#ifndef LIBRARY_H
#define LIBRARY_H
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <unordered_map>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;
#define FENGZHUANGCPP_API __declspec(dllexport)
class FENGZHUANGCPP_API Library
{
public:
class StudentS {
public:
// 变量
struct StudentMes
{
int stu_num = 0; // 学生借阅号
std::string stu_name = 0; // 学生姓名
std::pair<int, string> stu_borrow1 = { 0,"" }; // 借阅书籍信息1（书号，时间）
std::pair<int, string> stu_borrow2 = { 0,"" };; // 借阅书籍信息2（书号，时间）
StudentMes() :stu_num(0), stu_name(""), stu_borrow1({ 0,"" }), stu_borrow2({ 0,"" }) {}
StudentMes(std::string name, int num) :stu_name(name), stu_num(num), stu_borrow1({ 0, "" }), stu_borrow2({ 0, "" }) {}
};
std::unordered_map<int, StudentMes*> stu_hash_save; // 通过字典存储学生学号和信息，key为学生学号，val为学生信息
std::vector<StudentMes*> stu_mes_save; // 将所有学生信息存储到容器中
// 方法
void writeStuXml(); // 将学生信息写入xml文件
void getStuMes(string name, int num); // 键盘读取学生信息
bool saveStuMes(); // 从student.xml文件中读取学生信息，存储到哈希表和容器，同时也是初始化函数
StudentMes* searchStuMes(int stu_number); // 输入学号，返回学生对应信息的指针
StudentMes* searchStuName(string name); // 输入姓名，返回学生对应信息的指针
//void showStuMes(int stu_num_search); // 输入学号，输出该学生所有信息
//void showStuMes(); // 输出所有学生所有信息
};
class BookS {
public:
// 变量
struct Book
{
int book_num = 0; // 书籍号
std::string book_name = ""; // 书名
std::string writer = ""; // 作者
int now_save = 0; // 现存量
int all_save = 0; // 库存量
std::vector<int> book_borrow; // 书籍借阅信息
Book() :book_num(0), book_name(""), writer(""), now_save(0), all_save(0), book_borrow(NULL) {}
Book(int book_num, std::string s1, std::string s2) :book_num(book_num), book_name(s1), writer(s2), now_save(1), all_save(1), book_borrow(NULL) {}
};
vector<Book*> book_save;
unordered_map<int, Book*> book_num_hash;
unordered_map<string, Book*> book_name_hash;
// 方法
void writeBookMes(string name,int num,string wirter); // 建立图书信息
void writeStuXml(); // 将图书信息写入xml文件
Book* searchBookName(string name_of_book); // 通过书名查找
vector<Book*> searchBookWriter(string writer_book); // 通过作者查找
Book* searchBookNum(int num_of_book); // 通过书籍号查找
bool saveBookMes(); // 变量初始化函数/将xml文件数据读取至代码
};
bool borrowBook(int book_num, int stu_num, StudentS stu_run, BookS Book_run); // 借书
bool returnBook(int book_num, int stu_num, StudentS stu_run, BookS Book_run); // 还书
};
#endif // !LIBRARY_H
LibraryMes.cpp
#include <iostream>
#include <typeinfo>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <unordered_map>
#include <fstream>
#include <time.h>
#pragma warning( disable : 4996 )
#include "tinyxml.h"
#define STUDENT_FILE "student"
#define BOOKS_FILE "book"
using namespace std;
#include "LibraryMes.h"
//struct StudentMes
//{
// int stu_num; // 学生借阅号
// std::string stu_name; // 学生姓名
// std::pair<int, string> stu_borrow1; // 借阅书籍信息1（书号，时间）
// std::pair<int, string> stu_borrow2; // 借阅书籍信息2（书号，时间）
// StudentMes() :stu_num(0), stu_name(""), stu_borrow1({ 0,"" }), stu_borrow2({ 0,"" }) {}
// StudentMes(std::string name, int num) :stu_name(name), stu_num(num), stu_borrow1({ 0, "" }), stu_borrow2({ 0, "" }) {}
//};
void addChile(TiXmlElement* parent, const char* node, int value)
{
//创建节点
TiXmlElement* xml_node = new TiXmlElement(node);
//将int转为char
//char buf[32];
string data = to_string(value);
char* buff = (char*)data.data();
xml_node->LinkEndChild(new TiXmlText(buff));
parent->LinkEndChild(xml_node);
}
void addChile(TiXmlElement* parent, const char* node, const char* value)
{
//创建节点
TiXmlElement* xml_node = new TiXmlElement(node);
//将int转为char
xml_node->LinkEndChild(new TiXmlText(value));
parent->LinkEndChild(xml_node);
}
void Library::StudentS::writeStuXml()
{
TiXmlDocument xml;
xml.LinkEndChild(new TiXmlDeclaration("1.0", "GBK", ""));
TiXmlElement* xml_root = new TiXmlElement("root");
xml.LinkEndChild(xml_root);
for (int i = 0; i < stu_mes_save.size(); i++)
{
StudentMes* node = stu_mes_save[i];
//创建一个节点
string node_name = "student";
TiXmlElement* xml_node = new TiXmlElement((char*)node_name.data());
xml_root->LinkEndChild(xml_node);
//创建第一个子节点
if (true)
{
addChile(xml_node, "id", node->stu_num);
addChile(xml_node, "name", (char*)node->stu_name.data());
addChile(xml_node, "borrowBook1", node->stu_borrow1.first);
addChile(xml_node, "borrowTime1", (char*)node->stu_borrow1.second.data());
addChile(xml_node, "borrowBook2", node->stu_borrow2.first);
addChile(xml_node, "borrowTime2", (char*)node->stu_borrow2.second.data());
}
}
xml.SaveFile(STUDENT_FILE".xml");
}
void Library::StudentS::getStuMes(string name,int num)
{
StudentMes* node = new StudentMes(name, num);
stu_mes_save.push_back(node);
writeStuXml();
}
bool Library::StudentS::saveStuMes()
{
//开始解析
TiXmlDocument xml_doc;
if (!xml_doc.LoadFile(STUDENT_FILE".xml"))return -1;
//获取根元素
TiXmlElement* xml_root = xml_doc.RootElement();
if (xml_root == NULL)return false;
TiXmlElement* xml_note = xml_root->FirstChildElement("student");
stu_hash_save.clear();
stu_mes_save.clear();
while (xml_note)
{
StudentMes* stusave = new StudentMes();
TiXmlElement* xml_id = xml_note->FirstChildElement("id");
auto aid = xml_id->GetText();
stusave->stu_num = atoi(aid);
TiXmlElement* xml_name = xml_note->FirstChildElement("name");
auto aname = xml_name->GetText();
stusave->stu_name = string(aname);
TiXmlElement* xml_num1 = xml_note->FirstChildElement("borrowBook1");
auto anum1 = xml_num1->GetText();
stusave->stu_borrow1.first = atoi(anum1);
TiXmlElement* xml_str1 = xml_note->FirstChildElement("borrowTime1");
auto atime1 = xml_str1->GetText();
if (atime1)
stusave->stu_borrow1.second = string(atime1);
TiXmlElement* xml_num2 = xml_note->FirstChildElement("borrowBook2");
auto anum2 = xml_num2->GetText();
stusave->stu_borrow2.first = atoi(anum2);
TiXmlElement* xml_str2 = xml_note->FirstChildElement("borrowTime2");
auto atime2 = xml_str2->GetText();
if (atime2)
stusave->stu_borrow1.second = string(atime2);
stu_hash_save.insert(pair<int, StudentMes*>(stusave->stu_num, stusave)); // 存储哈希指
stu_mes_save.push_back(stusave); // 容器存储学生编号
//指向下一个兄弟节点
xml_note = xml_note->NextSiblingElement();
}
return true;
}
Library::StudentS::StudentMes* Library::StudentS::searchStuMes(int stu_number)
{
StudentMes* result;
if (stu_hash_save.find(stu_number) != stu_hash_save.end())
{
result = stu_hash_save.at(stu_number);
return result;
}
return NULL;
}
Library::StudentS::StudentMes* Library::StudentS::searchStuName(string name)
{
for (auto a : stu_mes_save) {
if (name == a->stu_name)
{
return a;
}
}
return NULL;
}
void Library::BookS::writeBookMes(string name, int num, string wirter)
{
if (book_num_hash.find(num) != book_num_hash.end()) {
book_num_hash.at(num)->all_save++;
book_num_hash.at(num)->now_save++;
}
else
{
Book* node = new Book(num, name, wirter);
book_save.push_back(node);
book_name_hash.insert(pair<string, Book*>(name, node));
book_num_hash.insert(pair<int, Book*>(num, node));
}
writeStuXml();
}
void Library::BookS::writeStuXml()
{
TiXmlDocument xml;
xml.LinkEndChild(new TiXmlDeclaration("1.0", "GBK", ""));
TiXmlElement* xml_root = new TiXmlElement("root");
xml.LinkEndChild(xml_root);
for (int i = 0; i < book_save.size(); i++)
{
Book* node = book_save[i];
//创建一个节点
string node_name = "book";
TiXmlElement* xml_node = new TiXmlElement((char*)node_name.data());
xml_root->LinkEndChild(xml_node);
if (true)
{
addChile(xml_node, "id", node->book_num);
addChile(xml_node, "name", (char*)node->book_name.data());
addChile(xml_node, "writer", (char*)node->writer.data());
addChile(xml_node, "allSave", node->all_save);
addChile(xml_node, "nowSave", node->now_save);
string BorrowNum = "BorrowNum";
TiXmlElement* xml_node_sert = new TiXmlElement((char*)BorrowNum.data());
xml_node->LinkEndChild(xml_node_sert);
if (!node->book_borrow.empty()) {
for (int j : node->book_borrow) {
addChile(xml_node_sert, "borrowID", j);
}
}
}
}
xml.SaveFile(BOOKS_FILE".xml");
}
Library::BookS::Book* Library::BookS::searchBookName(string name_of_book)
{
Book* result = NULL;
if (book_name_hash.find(name_of_book) != book_name_hash.end())
{
result = book_name_hash.at(name_of_book);
}
return result;
}
vector<Library::BookS::Book*> Library::BookS::searchBookWriter(string writer_book)
{
vector<Book*>result;
for (Book* a : book_save) {
if (a->writer == writer_book)
{
result.push_back(a);
}
}
return result;
}
Library::BookS::Book* Library::BookS::searchBookNum(int num_of_book)
{
Book* result = NULL;
if (book_num_hash.find(num_of_book) != book_num_hash.end())
{
result = book_num_hash.at(num_of_book);
}
return result;
}
bool Library::BookS::saveBookMes()
{
//开始解析
TiXmlDocument xml_doc;
if (!xml_doc.LoadFile(BOOKS_FILE".xml"))return -1;
//获取根元素
TiXmlElement* xml_root = xml_doc.RootElement();
if (xml_root == NULL)return false;
TiXmlElement* xml_note = xml_root->FirstChildElement("book");
book_num_hash.clear();
book_name_hash.clear();
book_save.clear();
while (xml_note)
{
Book* stusave = new Book();
TiXmlElement* xml_id = xml_note->FirstChildElement("id");
auto aid = xml_id->GetText();
stusave->book_num = atoi(aid);
TiXmlElement* xml_name = xml_note->FirstChildElement("name");
auto aname = xml_name->GetText();
stusave->book_name = string(aname);
xml_name = xml_note->FirstChildElement("writer");
auto anWame = xml_name->GetText();
stusave->writer = string(anWame);
TiXmlElement* xml_num1 = xml_note->FirstChildElement("allSave");
aid = xml_num1->GetText();
stusave->all_save = atoi(aid);
TiXmlElement* xml_str1 = xml_note->FirstChildElement("nowSave");
aid = xml_str1->GetText();
stusave->now_save = atoi(aid);
TiXmlElement* xml_boor = xml_note->FirstChildElement("BorrowNum")->FirstChildElement("BorrowID");
while (xml_boor) {
auto c = xml_boor->GetText();
stusave->book_borrow.push_back(atoi(c));
xml_boor = xml_boor->NextSiblingElement();
}
book_num_hash.insert(pair<int, Book*>(stusave->book_num, stusave)); // 存储哈希指
book_name_hash.insert(pair<string, Book*>(stusave->book_name, stusave));
book_save.push_back(stusave);
//指向下一个兄弟节点
xml_note = xml_note->NextSiblingElement();
}
return true;
}
bool Library::borrowBook(int book_num, int stu_num, StudentS stu_run, BookS Book_run)
{
BookS::Book* book_mes = Book_run.searchBookNum(book_num);
StudentS::StudentMes* stu_mes = stu_run.searchStuMes(stu_num);
if (book_mes->book_num && stu_mes->stu_num && book_mes->now_save)
{
if (!stu_mes->stu_borrow1.first || !stu_mes->stu_borrow2.first)
{
book_mes->now_save--;
book_mes->book_borrow.push_back(stu_mes->stu_num);
time_t t = time(0);
char tmp[32] = { NULL };
strftime(tmp, sizeof(tmp), "%Y-%m-%d", localtime(&t));
if (!stu_mes->stu_borrow1.first) {
stu_mes->stu_borrow1.first = book_mes->book_num;
stu_mes->stu_borrow1.second = string(tmp);
}
else {
stu_mes->stu_borrow2.first = book_mes->book_num;
stu_mes->stu_borrow2.second = string(tmp);
}
stu_run.writeStuXml();
Book_run.writeStuXml();
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
bool Library::returnBook(int book_num, int stu_num, StudentS stu_run, BookS Book_run)
{
BookS::Book* book_mes = Book_run.searchBookNum(book_num);
StudentS::StudentMes* stu_mes = stu_run.searchStuMes(stu_num);
if (book_mes->book_num && stu_mes->stu_num)
{
if (stu_mes->stu_borrow1.first == book_num || stu_mes->stu_borrow2.first == book_num) {
book_mes->now_save++;
if (stu_mes->stu_borrow2.first == book_num) {
stu_mes->stu_borrow2.first = 0;
stu_mes->stu_borrow2.second = "";
}
else {
stu_mes->stu_borrow1.first = 0;
stu_mes->stu_borrow1.second = "";
}
for (int i = 0; i < book_mes->book_borrow.size(); i++)if (book_mes->book_borrow[i] == stu_mes->stu_num){
book_mes->book_borrow.erase(book_mes->book_borrow.begin() + i);
break;
}
stu_run.writeStuXml();
Book_run.writeStuXml();
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
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