servletcontext对象,文件下载案例

universerobot

已于 2022-10-30 16:20:16 修改

阅读量133

点赞数

文章标签： java web servlet

于 2022-10-26 21:40:18 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_51914501/article/details/127540906

版权

ServletContext对象

1、概念：代表整个web应用，可以和程序的容器(服务器)来通信

2、获取：

1、通过request对象获取

request.getServletContext();

2、通过HttpServlet获取

this.getServletContext();

@WebServlet("/servletcontextdemo1")
public class ServletContextDemo1 extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //1、通过request对象获取
        ServletContext context1 = request.getServletContext();
        // 2、通过HttpServlet获取
        ServletContext context2 = this.getServletContext();
        System.out.println(context1);
        System.out.println(context2);
        System.out.println("----------------");

        boolean equals = context1.equals(context2);
        System.out.println(equals);
        System.out.println("---------------------");
        System.out.println(context1==context2);
    }

3、功能：

1、获取MIME类型：

* MIME类型：就是互联网在通信过程中定义的一种文件数据类型

* 格式：大类型/小类型 text/html image/jpeg

* 获取：String geiMimeType(String file)

@WebServlet("/servletcontextdemo2")
public class ServletContextDemo2 extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
     
        // 1、通过HttpServlet获取
        ServletContext context = this.getServletContext();
        //2、定义文件名称
        String file="a.jpg";
        //3、获取MIME类型
        String mimeType = context.getMimeType(file);
        System.out.println(mimeType);
    }

2、域对象：共享数据

1、setAttribute(String name,Object value);

@WebServlet("/servletcontextdemo3")
public class ServletContextDemo3 extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        // 1、通过HttpServlet获取
        ServletContext context = this.getServletContext();
        //2、设置数据
        context.setAttribute("msg","haha");
    }

2、getAttribute(String name);

@WebServlet("/servletcontextdemo4")
public class ServletContextDemo4 extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        // 1、通过HttpServlet获取
        ServletContext context = this.getServletContext();
        //2、打印数据
        Object msg = context.getAttribute("msg");
        System.out.println(msg);
    }

3、removeAttribute(String name)

*ServletContext对象范围：所有用户所有请求的数据

3、获取文件的真实(服务器)路径

1、获取文件的真实(服务器)路径

1、方法：String getRealpath(String path);

@WebServlet("/servletcontextdemo5")
public class ServletContextDemo5 extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        // 1、通过HttpServlet获取
        ServletContext context = this.getServletContext();
        //2、获取文件的真实(服务器)路径
        String realPath = context.getRealPath("b.txt");//web目录下资源访问
        System.out.println(realPath);

        String c = context.getRealPath("/WEB-INF/c.txt");//WEB-INF目录下资源访问
        System.out.println(c);

        String a = context.getRealPath("/src/a.txt");//注意，服务器发布后是在/WEB-INF/classes目录下
        System.out.println(a);
    }

文件下载案例

踩坑：content-disposition写成content-dispositiin

response.setHeader("content-disposition","attachment;filename="+filename);//固定写法

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>我的</title>
    <!--
文件下载需求:
    1、页面显示超链接
    2、点击超链接后弹出下载提示框
    3、完成图片下载

分析：
    1、超链接指向的资源如果能够被浏览器解析，则在浏览器中展示，如果不能解析，则弹出下载框，不满足需求
    2、任何资源都必须弹出下载提示框
    3、使用响应头设置资源的打开方式
        content-disposition:attachment;filename=xxx;

步骤：
    1、定义页面，编辑超链接href属性，指向Servlet，传递资源名称filename
    2、定义Sevlet
        1、获取文件的名称
        2、使用字节输入流加载文件进内存
        3、指定response的响应头: content-disposition:attachment;filename=xxx;
        4、将数据写出到response的输出流
    -->
</head>
<body>
<a href="/day15_response_war_exploded/img/12b01.jpg">图片1</a>
<a href="/day15_response_war_exploded/img/12b03.mp4">视频</a>
<hr>
<a href="/day15_response_war_exploded/downloadServlet1?filename=12b02.jpg">图片1</a>
<a href="/day15_response_war_exploded/downloadServlet1?filename=12b03.mp4">视频</a>

</body>
</html>

@WebServlet("/downloadServlet1")
public class downloadservlet1 extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //1、获取请求参数，文件名称
        String filename = request.getParameter("filename");
        //2、使用字节输入流加载文件进内存
            //2.1找到文件服务器路径
        ServletContext servletContext = this.getServletContext();
        String realPath = servletContext.getRealPath("/img/"+filename);
            //2.2用字节流关联
        FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(realPath);

        //4、设置response的响应头
        //4.1设置响应头类型：content-type
        String mimeType = servletContext.getMimeType(filename);
        response.setHeader("content-type",mimeType);//获取文件的mime类型
        //4.2设置响应头打开方式：content-dispositiion
        response.setHeader("content-disposition","attachment;filename="+filename);//固定写法

        //3、将输入流的数据写到输出流中
        ServletOutputStream sos = response.getOutputStream();
        byte[] buff=new byte[1024 * 8];
        int len=0;
        while ((len = fis.read(buff)) != -1){
            sos.write(buff,0,len);
        }
        fis.close();

    }

解决中文乱码就是

@WebServlet("/downloadServlet")
public class DownloadServlet extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //1.获取请求参数，文件名称
        String filename = request.getParameter("filename");
        //2.使用字节输入流加载文件进内存
        //2.1找到文件服务器路径
        ServletContext servletContext = this.getServletContext();
        String realPath = servletContext.getRealPath("/img/" + filename);
        //2.2用字节流关联
        FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream(realPath);

        //3.设置response的响应头
        //3.1设置响应头类型：content-type
        String mimeType = servletContext.getMimeType(filename);//获取文件的mime类型
        response.setHeader("content-type",mimeType);
        //3.2设置响应头打开方式:content-disposition

        //解决中文文件名问题
        //1.获取user-agent请求头、
        String agent = request.getHeader("user-agent");
        //2.使用工具类方法编码文件名即可
        filename = DownLoadUtils.getFileName(agent, filename);

        response.setHeader("content-disposition","attachment;filename="+filename);
        //4.将输入流的数据写出到输出流中
        ServletOutputStream sos = response.getOutputStream();
        byte[] buff = new byte[1024 * 8];
        int len = 0;
        while((len = fis.read(buff)) != -1){
            sos.write(buff,0,len);
        }

        fis.close();


    }