JWT安装配置
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安装JWT
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pip install djangorestframework-jwt==1.11.0
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syl/settings.py 配置jwt载荷中的有效期设置
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# jwt载荷中的有效期设置 JWT_AUTH = { # 1.token前缀:headers中 Authorization 值的前缀 'JWT_AUTH_HEADER_PREFIX': 'JWT', # 2.token有效期:一天有效 'JWT_EXPIRATION_DELTA': datetime.timedelta(days=1), # 3.刷新token:允许使用旧的token换新token 'JWT_ALLOW_REFRESH': True, # 4.token有效期:token在24小时内过期, 可续期token 'JWT_REFRESH_EXPIRATION_DELTA': datetime.timedelta(hours=24 ), # 5.自定义JWT载荷信息:自定义返回格式,需要手工创建 'JWT_RESPONSE_PAYLOAD_HANDLER': 'user.utils.jwt_response_payload_handler', }
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syl/settings.py JWT结合DRF进行认证权限配置
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REST_FRAMEWORK = { # 1.认证器(全局):用户登录校验用户名密码或者token是否合法 'DEFAULT_AUTHENTICATION_CLASSES': [ 'rest_framework_jwt.authentication.JSONWebTokenAuthentication', # 在 DRF中配置JWT认证 # 'rest_framework.authentication.SessionAuthentication', # 使用session时的认证器 # 'rest_framework.authentication.BasicAuthentication' # 提交表单时的认证器 ], # 2.权限配置(全局): 顺序靠上的严格(根据不同的用户角色,可以操作不同的表) 'DEFAULT_PERMISSION_CLASSES': [ # 'rest_framework.permissions.IsAdminUser', # 管理员可以访问 'rest_framework.permissions.IsAuthenticated', # 认证用户可以访问 # 'rest_framework.permissions.IsAuthenticatedOrReadOnly', # 认证用户可以访问, 否则只能读取 # 'rest_framework.permissions.AllowAny', # 所有用户都可以访问 ], }
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user/urls.py 增加获取token接口和刷新token接口
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from django.urls import include, path from rest_framework.routers import SimpleRouter, DefaultRouter from rest_framework_jwt.views import obtain_jwt_token, refresh_jwt_token # 自动生成路由方法, 必须使用视图集 # router = SimpleRouter() # 没有根路由 /user/ 无法识别 from . import views router = DefaultRouter() # 1.有根路由 router.register(r'user', views.UserViewSet) # 2.配置路由 router.register(r'user', views.UserViewSet) urlpatterns = [ # path('apiview', views.UserInfoViewSet.as_view()), path('index/', views.index), path('apiview/', views.UserView.as_view()), path('api-auth/', include('rest_framework.urls', namespace='rest_framework')), path('login/', obtain_jwt_token), # 获取token,登录视图 # 认证地址, ] urlpatterns += router.urls # 3.模块地址 urlpatterns += router.urls print(urlpatterns)
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在user/utils.py中从写jwt_response_payload_handler
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def jwt_response_payload_handler(token, user=None, request=None, role=None): """ 自定义jwt认证成功返回数据 :token 返回的jwt :user 当前登录的用户信息[对象] :request 当前本次客户端提交过来的数据 :role 角色 """ if user.first_name: name = user.first_name else: name = user.username return { 'authenticated': 'true', 'id': user.id, "role": role, 'name': name, 'username': user.username, 'email': user.email, 'token': token, }
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postman测试接口
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postman测试接口
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http://192.168.56.100:8888/user/login/
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'''自定义认证和权限优先级更高,可以覆盖settings.py中的 ''' # 自定义权限类 permission_classes = (MyPermission,) # 自定义认证类, 自定义会覆盖全局配置 authentication_classes = (JSONWebTokenAuthentication,)
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使用获得的token获取所有用户信息
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http://192.168.56.100:8888/user/user/
.源码分析
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class JSONWebTokenAPIView(APIView): """ Base API View that various JWT interactions inherit from. """ permission_classes = () authentication_classes = () def get_serializer_context(self): """ Extra context provided to the serializer class. """ return { 'request': self.request, 'view': self, } def get_serializer_class(self): """ Return the class to use for the serializer. Defaults to using `self.serializer_class`. You may want to override this if you need to provide different serializations depending on the incoming request. (Eg. admins get full serialization, others get basic serialization) """ assert self.serializer_class is not None, ( "'%s' should either include a `serializer_class` attribute, " "or override the `get_serializer_class()` method." % self.__class__.__name__) return self.serializer_class def get_serializer(self, *args, **kwargs): """ Return the serializer instance that should be used for validating and deserializing input, and for serializing output. """ serializer_class = self.get_serializer_class() kwargs['context'] = self.get_serializer_context() return serializer_class(*args, **kwargs) def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs): serializer = self.get_serializer(data=request.data) if serializer.is_valid(): user = serializer.object.get('user') or request.user # User表对象 token = serializer.object.get('token') # 获取到生成的 token response_data = jwt_response_payload_handler(token, user, request) response = Response(response_data) if api_settings.JWT_AUTH_COOKIE: expiration = (datetime.utcnow() + api_settings.JWT_EXPIRATION_DELTA) response.set_cookie(api_settings.JWT_AUTH_COOKIE,token,expires=expiration,httponly=True) return response return Response(serializer.errors, status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)