运算符重载（流提取和插入运算符）

 一个很简单的关于运算符重载的小的样例。

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;

class Complex {
public:
    friend ostream &operator<<(ostream &, Complex &);
    friend istream &operator>>(istream &, Complex &);

private:
    double real;
    double imag;
};
//istream和ostream类对象的引用，两个参数也是类对象的引用
//operator<<可以理解为重载函数名，编译系统将之解释为operator<<(cout,c3)
ostream &operator<<(ostream &output, Complex &c) {
    output << "(" << c.real ;
    if(c.imag>=0){
        output<<"+";
    }
    output<<c.imag<<"i)"<<endl;
    return output;
}
//形参input和output就是cin和cout的别名
istream &operator>>(istream &input, Complex &c) {
    cout << "input real part and imaginary part of complex number:";
    input >> c.real >> c.imag;
    return input;
}

int main() {
    Complex c1, c2;
    cin >> c1 >> c2;
    cout << "c1=" << c1 << endl;
    cout << "c2=" << c2 << endl;
}