使用java监听器（Listener）统计在线人数

使用java监听器统计在线人数

1. 监听器的简介

监听器就是一个实现特定接口的普通java程序，这个程序专门用于监听另一个java对象的方法调用或属性改变，当被监听对象发生上述事件后，监听器某个方法将立即被执行。

2. 怎么去使用java监听器

ServletContextListener：用于监听WEB
应用启动和销毁的事件，监听器类需要实现javax.servlet.ServletContextListener 接口。
ServletContextAttributeListener：用于监听WEB应用属性改变的事件，包括：增加属性、删除属性、修改属性，监听器类需要实现javax.servlet.ServletContextAttributeListener接口。
HttpSessionListener：用于监听Session对象的创建和销毁，监听器类需要实现javax.servlet.http.HttpSessionListener接口或者javax.servlet.http.HttpSessionActivationListener接口，或者两个都实现。
HttpSessionActivationListener：用于监听Session对象的钝化/活化事件，监听器类需要实现javax.servlet.http.HttpSessionListener接口或者javax.servlet.http.HttpSessionActivationListener接口，或者两个都实现。
HttpSessionAttributeListener：用于监听Session对象属性
的改变事件，监听器类需要实现javax.servlet.http.HttpSes sionAttributeListener接口。

3. 我会以java监听器统计在线人数的实例来告诉大家
(1)先创建监听器包listener在新建OnlineListener类

package listener;
 
import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletContextEvent;
import javax.servlet.ServletContextListener;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebListener;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSessionAttributeListener;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSessionEvent;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSessionListener;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpSessionBindingEvent;
 
@WebListener()
public class OnlineListener implements ServletContextListener,
        HttpSessionListener, HttpSessionAttributeListener {
 
    private static int count=0;
 
    // Public constructor is required by servlet spec
    public OnlineListener() {//构造函数
    }
 
    // -------------------------------------------------------
    // ServletContextListener implementation
    // -------------------------------------------------------
    public void contextInitialized(ServletContextEvent sce) {//应用初始化完成
      /* This method is called when the servlet context is
         initialized(when the Web application is deployed). 
         You can initialize servlet context related data here.
      */
    }
 
    public void contextDestroyed(ServletContextEvent sce) {
      /* This method is invoked when the Servlet Context 
         (the Web application) is undeployed or 
         Application Server shuts down.
      */
    }
 
    // -------------------------------------------------------
    // HttpSessionListener implementation
    // -------------------------------------------------------
    public void sessionCreated(HttpSessionEvent se) {//创建
      /* Session is created. */
      count++;
        ServletContext app = se.getSession().getServletContext();
        app.setAttribute("count",count);
    }
 
    public void sessionDestroyed(HttpSessionEvent se) {//销毁
      /* Session is destroyed. */
        count--;
        ServletContext app = se.getSession().getServletContext();
        app.setAttribute("count",count);
    }
}

3. 创建接口

（2）创建监听器servlet的接口
import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
 
@WebServlet(name = "OnlineServlet",urlPatterns = "/online")
public class OnlineServlet extends HttpServlet {
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
 
    }
 
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
      String op=request.getParameter("op");
      String result="";
      switch (op){
          case "login":
              //request.getSession()触发监听器的sessionCreated
              ServletContext app=request.getSession().getServletContext();
              int count= (int) app.getAttribute("count");
              result=String.format("当前%d人在线",count);
              break;
          case "logout":
              //销毁session，触发监听器的sessionDestroy
              request.getSession().invalidate();//销毁session
              result="您已经退出了！";
      }
 
 
        response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8");
        PrintWriter out=response.getWriter();
        out.write(result);
        out.close();
    }
}

可以在浏览器上输入要访问的IP地址，会显示当前在线的人数，你也可以访问别人的IP地址
前提是别人是允许方法IP地址的