DFS算法走迷宫（python实现）

最新推荐文章于 2024-08-28 12:34:50 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-08-28 12:34:50 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_52369224/article/details/122961032

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深度优先搜索迷宫 DFS算法路径探索递归

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从@走到！31*31的迷宫

map = [[1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
1, 1, 1, 1], [1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1], [1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1,
1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1], [1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0,
0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1], [1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1,
1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1], [1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1], [1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1], [1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1], [1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1,
0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1], [1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1,
0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1], [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1], [1, 0, 0, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1], [1, 0, 1,
1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1], [1,
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0,
1], [1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1,
1, 1, 1], [1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 1], [1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1,
1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1], [1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0,
0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1], [1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0,
1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1], [1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0,
1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1], [1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1,
1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1], [1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1], [1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1,
1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1], [1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0,
1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1], [1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0,
1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1], [1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0,
1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 1], [1, 1, 1, 1,
1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1], [1, 0,
0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1],
[1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
0, 1], [1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0,
0, 0, 0, 1], [1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1]]

usedmap = [[0 for i in range(len(map))] for i in range(len(map))] #初始化未被标记的地图
flag = ''


def DFS(x, y):
    global flag #声明全局变量
    if x == len(map) - 2 and y == len(map) - 2:  # 31x31的迷宫 终点也就是数组的(29,29)
       print(flag)
       return

    if map[x + 1][y] == 0 and usedmap[x + 1][y] == 0:  # 如果下⼀步不是墙 且没⾛过
      usedmap[x][y] = 1  # 标记当前坐标⾛过（不是下⼀步）
      flag += 's'
      DFS(x + 1, y)  # 尝试向下⾛
      flag = flag[:-1]  # 回溯到这说明这条路不可⾏ 所以去掉's'
      usedmap[x][y] = 0  # 再设置当前坐标为0 重新找路
    if map[x - 1][y] == 0 and usedmap[x - 1][y] == 0:
        usedmap[x][y] = 1
        flag += 'w'
        DFS(x - 1, y)
        flag = flag[:-1]
        usedmap[x][y] = 0
    if map[x][y + 1] == 0 and usedmap[x][y + 1] == 0:
        usedmap[x][y] = 1
        flag += 'd'
        DFS(x, y + 1)
        flag = flag[:-1]
        usedmap[x][y] = 0
    if map[x][y - 1] == 0 and usedmap[x][y - 1] == 0:
        usedmap[x][y] = 1
        flag += 'a'
        DFS(x, y - 1)
        flag = flag[:-1]
        usedmap[x][y] = 0


print("path:")
x = 1  # 设置起始坐标
y = 1
DFS(x, y)