Zabbix分布式监控系统

Zabbix是一个企业级的分布式开源监控方案。Zabbix是一款能够监控各种网络参数以及服务器健康性和完整性的软件。Zabbix使用灵活的通知机制，允许用户为几乎任何事件配置基于邮件的告警。这样可以快速反馈服务器的问题。基于已存储的数据，Zabbix提供了出色的报告和数据可视化功能。
Zabbix是一个高度集成的网络监控解决方案，一个简单的安装包中提供多样性的功能。

Zabbix结构

1. Server
Zabbix server是监控代理程序报告系统可用性、系统完整性和统计信息的核心组件。Zabbix Server是所有配置信息、统计信息和操作数据的核心存储器。
2. 数据库存储
所有配置信息和Zabbix收集到的数据都被存储在数据库中。
3. Web界面
为了在任何地方和任何平台都能轻松地访问Zabbix，Zabbix提供了基于Web的界面。该界面是Zabbix Server的一部分，通常跟Zabbix Server运行在同一台物理机器上。
如果使用SQLite，Zabbix Web界面必须要跟Zabbix Server运行在同一台物理机器上。
4. Proxy代理服务器
Zabbix Proxy可以替Zabbix Server收集性能和可用性数据。Proxy代理服务器是Zabbix软件可选择部署的一部分。当然，Proxy代理服务器可以帮助单台Zabbix Server分担负载压力。
5. Agent监控代理
Zabbix Agents监控代理部署在监控目标上，能够主动监控本地资源和应用程序，并将收集到的数据报告给Zabbix Server。

规划节点

IP	主机名	节点
10.30.59.205	zabbix-server01	Server节点
10.30.59.215	zabbix-agent	Agent节点

修改主机名

[root@localhost ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname zabbix-server01
[root@localhost ~]# bash
[root@zabbix-server01 ~]# ifconfig ens192 |awk 'NR==2 {print $2}'             查看IP

关闭防火墙
[root@zabbix-server01 ~]# sed -i 's/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/'   /etc/selinux/config
[root@zabbix-server01 ~]# systemctl stop firewalld      
[root@zabbix-server01 ~]# systemctl disable firewalld   
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/firewalld.service.
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service.

[root@zabbix-server01 ~]# free -m         查看内存
              total        used        free      shared  buff/cache   available
Mem:           3790         122        3511           8         155        3453
Swap:          3967           0        3967

安装zabbix（获取官方源）
[root@zabbix-server01 ~]# rpm -Uvh https://mirrors.aliyun.com/zabbix/zabbix/5.0/rhel/7/x86_64/zabbix-release-5.0-1.el7.noarch.rpm
Retrieving https://mirrors.aliyun.com/zabbix/zabbix/5.0/rhel/7/x86_64/zabbix-release-5.0-1.el7.noarch.rpm
warning: /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.Jzneux: Header V4 RSA/SHA512 Signature, key ID a14fe591: NOKEY
Preparing...                                            ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
   1:zabbix-release-5.0-1.el7                           ################################# [100%]

检查/查看zabbix.repo   
[root@zabbix-server01 ~]# ls /etc/yum.repos.d/
CentOS-Base.repo       CentOS-Media.repo
CentOS-CR.repo         CentOS-Sources.repo
CentOS-Debuginfo.repo  CentOS-Vault.repo
CentOS-fasttrack.repo  zabbix.repo
[root@zabbix-server01 ~]# sed -i 's#http://repo.zabbix.com#https://mirrors.aliyun.com/zabbix#' /etc/yum.repos.d/zabbix.repo
[root@zabbix-server01 ~]# yum clean all     清楚缓存

安装工具包
[root@zabbix-server01 ~]# yum install zabbix-server-mysql zabbix-agent -y
[root@zabbix-server01 ~]# yum install centos-release-scl -y

修改zabbix.repo的文件
[root@zabbix-server01 ~]# vi /etc/yum.repos.d/zabbix.repo 
[zabbix-frontend]
enabled=1        修改为1
[root@zabbix-server01 ~]# yum install zabbix-web-mysql-scl zabbix-apache-conf-scl  -y 
[root@zabbix-server01 ~]# yum install mariadb-server -y

配置数据库开机启动
[root@zabbix-server01 ~]# systemctl enable --now mariadb
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mariadb.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/mariadb.service.

[root@zabbix-server01 ~]# mysql_secure_installation     初始化
Enter current password for root (enter for none):      默按回车
OK, successfully used password, moving on...
Set root password? [Y/n] y
New password: 
Re-enter new password: 
Password updated successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..
 ... Success!
 
添加数据库用户，以及zabbix所需的数据库信息
[root@zabbix-server01 ~]# mysql -uroot -p000000
MariaDB [(none)]> create database zabbix character set utf8 collate utf8_bin;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> create user zabbix@localhost identified by '000000';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> grant all privileges on zabbix.* to zabbix@localhost;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> Ctrl-C -- exit!
Aborted

使用zabbix-mysql命令，导入数据库信息

[root@zabbix-server01 ~]# zcat /usr/share/doc/zabbix-server-mysql-5.0.12/create.sql.gz  |mysql -uzabbix -p zabbix
Enter password:000000 
[root@zabbix-server01 ~]# mysql -uzabbix -p000000
MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| zabbix             |
+--------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> use zabbix
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A

Database changed
MariaDB [zabbix]> show tables;
+----------------------------+
| Tables_in_zabbix           |
+----------------------------+
| acknowledges               |
| actions                    |
| alerts                     |
| application_discovery      |
| application_prototype      |
| application_template       |
| applications               |
| auditlog                   |
| auditlog_details           |
| autoreg_host               |
| conditions                 |
| config                     |
| config_autoreg_tls         |
| corr_condition             |
| corr_condition_group       |
| corr_condition_tag         |
| corr_condition_tagpair     |
| corr_condition_tagvalue    |
| corr_operation             |
| correlation                |
| dashboard                  |
| dashboard_user             |
| dashboard_usrgrp           |
| dbversion                  |
| dchecks                    |
| dhosts                     |
| drules                     |
| dservices                  |
| escalations                |
| event_recovery             |
| event_suppress             |
| event_tag                  |
| events                     |
| expressions                |
| functions                  |
| globalmacro                |
| globalvars                 |
| graph_discovery            |
| graph_theme                |
| graphs                     |
| graphs_items               |
| group_discovery            |
| group_prototype            |
| history                    |
| history_log                |
| history_str                |
| history_text               |
| history_uint               |
| host_discovery             |
| host_inventory             |
| host_tag                   |
| hostmacro                  |
| hosts                      |
| hosts_groups               |
| hosts_templates            |
| housekeeper                |
| hstgrp                     |
| httpstep                   |
| httpstep_field             |
| httpstepitem               |
| httptest                   |
| httptest_field             |
| httptestitem               |
| icon_map                   |
| icon_mapping               |
| ids                        |
| images                     |
| interface                  |
| interface_discovery        |
| interface_snmp             |
| item_application_prototype |
| item_condition             |
| item_discovery             |
| item_preproc               |
| item_rtdata                |
| items                      |
| items_applications         |
| lld_macro_path             |
| lld_override               |
| lld_override_condition     |
| lld_override_opdiscover    |
| lld_override_operation     |
| lld_override_ophistory     |
| lld_override_opinventory   |
| lld_override_opperiod      |
| lld_override_opseverity    |
| lld_override_opstatus      |
| lld_override_optag         |
| lld_override_optemplate    |
| lld_override_optrends      |
| maintenance_tag            |
| maintenances               |
| maintenances_groups        |
| maintenances_hosts         |
| maintenances_windows       |
| mappings                   |
| media                      |
| media_type                 |
| media_type_message         |
| media_type_param           |
| module                     |
| opcommand                  |
| opcommand_grp              |
| opcommand_hst              |
| opconditions               |
| operations                 |
| opgroup                    |
| opinventory                |
| opmessage                  |
| opmessage_grp              |
| opmessage_usr              |
| optemplate                 |
| problem                    |
| problem_tag                |
| profiles                   |
| proxy_autoreg_host         |
| proxy_dhistory             |
| proxy_history              |
| regexps                    |
| rights                     |
| screen_user                |
| screen_usrgrp              |
| screens                    |
| screens_items              |
| scripts                    |
| service_alarms             |
| services                   |
| services_links             |
| services_times             |
| sessions                   |
| slides                     |
| slideshow_user             |
| slideshow_usrgrp           |
| slideshows                 |
| sysmap_element_trigger     |
| sysmap_element_url         |
| sysmap_shape               |
| sysmap_url                 |
| sysmap_user                |
| sysmap_usrgrp              |
| sysmaps                    |
| sysmaps_elements           |
| sysmaps_link_triggers      |
| sysmaps_links              |
| tag_filter                 |
| task                       |
| task_acknowledge           |
| task_check_now             |
| task_close_problem         |
| task_data                  |
| task_remote_command        |
| task_remote_command_result |
| task_result                |
| timeperiods                |
| trends                     |
| trends_uint                |
| trigger_depends            |
| trigger_discovery          |
| trigger_tag                |
| triggers                   |
| users                      |
| users_groups               |
| usrgrp                     |
| valuemaps                  |
| widget                     |
| widget_field               |
+----------------------------+
166 rows in set (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [zabbix]> Ctrl-C -- exit!
Aborted

修改配置文件的数据库密码
[root@zabbix-server01 ~]# vi /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf 
 DBPassword=000000            修改此句
[root@zabbix-server01 ~]# grep '^DBpa' /etc/zabbix/zabbix_server.conf

修改php配置文件的时区信息
[root@zabbix-server01 ~]# vi /etc/opt/rh/rh-php72/php-fpm.d/zabbix.conf  
php_value[date.timezone] = Asia/Shanghai   修改这一句

启动zabbix相关服务
[root@zabbix-server01 ~]# systemctl restart  zabbix-server zabbix-agent httpd rh-php72-php-fpm
[root@zabbix-server01 ~]# systemctl enable zabbix-server zabbix-agent httpd rh-php72-php-fpm        
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/zabbix-server.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/zabbix-server.service.
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/zabbix-agent.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/zabbix-agent.service.
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/httpd.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/httpd.service.
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/rh-php72-php-fpm.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/rh-php72-php-fpm.service.

显示PHP版本信息等内容(需要全部显示OK)

填写连接数据库的必要信息，Password为000000(其他不需要修改)

填写Zabbix服务端的详细信息，Name字段可以随意填写，是给监控平台起个名字

安装Zabbix，安装成功后，单击右下角“Finish”按钮

进入登录界面，使用默认的用户名和密码Admin/zabbix登录

进入Zabbix主页

点击 User setting ,将“Language”一栏修改为“Chinexe（zh CN）”