HashMap的几种遍历方式（java）

一、HashMap的几种遍历方式

 Map<Integer, String> map = new HashMap<>();
        map.put(1, "路遥");
        map.put(2, "村上春树");
        map.put(3, "余秋雨");
        map.put(4, "莫言");

我们以map为例

方法一：
  先取出map所有的key值， 通过key值获取对应的value值

 System.out.println("方法一");
        Set keySet = map.keySet();
        System.out.printf("增强for循环实现:\t");
        for (Object key : keySet) {
            System.out.print(key + "-" +  map.get(key) + " ");
        }

        System.out.println();

        System.out.printf("迭代器实现:\t");
       Iterator iterator = keySet.iterator();
        while (iterator.hasNext()) { //判断步骤不可少
            Object key = iterator.next();
            System.out.print(key + "-" + map.get(key) + " ");
        }

方法二：
  直接取出map所有的value值 （这种方法无法获取key）

System.out.println("方法二");
        Collection values = map.values();

        System.out.print("增强for循环实现：\t");
        for (Object value : values) {
            System.out.print(value + " ");
        }

        System.out.println();
        
        System.out.print("迭代器实现：\t");
        Iterator iterator = values.iterator();
        while (iterator.hasNext()) {
            Object value = iterator.next();
            System.out.print(value + " ");
        }

方法三：
  通过EntrySet 获取key-value

System.out.println("方法三");
        Set entrySet = map.entrySet();

        System.out.print("增强for循环实现：\t");
        for (Object entry : entrySet) {
            Map.Entry element = (Map.Entry) entry;
            System.out.print(element.getKey() + "-" + element.getValue() + " ");
        }

        System.out.println();

        System.out.print("迭代器实现：\t\t");
        Iterator iterator = entrySet.iterator();
        while (iterator.hasNext()) {
            Object entry = iterator.next();
            Map.Entry element = (Map.Entry) entry;
            System.out.print(element.getKey() + "-" + element.getValue() + " ");
        }

完整代码

import java.util.*;

/**
 * @author 谢鑫
 * @version 1.0
 * @date 2021/12/8 20:54
 */
public class Test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Map<Integer, String> map = new HashMap<>();
        map.put(1, "路遥");
        map.put(2, "村上春树");
        map.put(3, "余秋雨");
        map.put(4, "莫言");
        System.out.println(map);

        System.out.println("方法一");
        Set keySet = map.keySet();

        System.out.print("增强for循环实现:\t");
        for (Object key : keySet) {
            System.out.print(key + "-" +  map.get(key) + " ");
        }

        System.out.println();

        System.out.printf("迭代器实现:\t\t");
        Iterator iterator = keySet.iterator();
        while (iterator.hasNext()) { //判断步骤不可少
            Object key = iterator.next();
            System.out.print(key + "-" + map.get(key) + " ");
        }

        System.out.println("\n");

        System.out.println("方法二");
        Collection values = map.values();

        System.out.print("增强for循环实现：\t");
        for (Object value : values) {
            System.out.print(value + " ");
        }

        System.out.println();
        System.out.print("迭代器实现：\t\t");
        iterator = values.iterator();
        while (iterator.hasNext()) {
            Object value = iterator.next();
            System.out.print(value + " ");
        }

        System.out.println("\n");

        System.out.println("方法三");
        Set entrySet = map.entrySet();

        System.out.print("增强for循环实现：\t");
        for (Object entry : entrySet) {
            Map.Entry element = (Map.Entry) entry;
            System.out.print(element.getKey() + "-" + element.getValue() + " ");
        }

        System.out.println();

        System.out.print("迭代器实现：\t\t");
        iterator = entrySet.iterator();
        while (iterator.hasNext()) {
            Object entry = iterator.next();
            Map.Entry element = (Map.Entry) entry;
            System.out.print(element.getKey() + "-" + element.getValue() + " ");
        }
    }
}

输出结果：

2021 12.20更新
今天在看java核心技术卷一 映射一章时，学习到了一个更简单明了的lambda表达式遍历 代码如下

        map.forEach((Integer, String) -> System.out.println(Integer + "-" + String));

输出结果如下