equals, hashCode, toString方法重写,深入探究equals

首先是超类Employee:

package chapter5_inheritance.equals;

import java.time.LocalDate;
import java.util.Objects;

public class Employee {

    private String name;
    private double salary;
    private LocalDate hireDay;

    public Employee(String name, double salary, int year, int month, int day) {
        this.hireDay = LocalDate.of(year, month, day);
        this.name = name;
        this.salary = salary;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public double getSalary() {
        return salary;
    }

    public LocalDate getHireDay() {
        return hireDay;
    }

    public void raiseSalary(double byPercent) {
        double delta = salary * byPercent / 100;
        salary += delta;
    }

    public boolean equals(Object otherObject) {

        if (this == otherObject) {
            return true;
        }
        if (otherObject == null) {
            return false;
        }
        if (getClass() != otherObject.getClass()) {
            return false;
        }
        Employee other = (Employee) otherObject;

        return Objects.equals(name, other.name) && salary == other.salary
                && Objects.equals(hireDay, other.hireDay);
    }

    public int hashCode() {
        return Objects.hash(name, salary, hireDay);
    }

    public String toString() {
        return getClass().getName() + "[name=" + name + ",salary=" + salary
                + ",hireDay=" + hireDay + "]";
    }
}

其次是子类Manager:

package chapter5_inheritance.equals;

public class Manager extends Employee{
    private double bonus;

    public Manager(String name, double salary, int year, int month, int day) {
        super(name, salary, year, month, day);
        bonus = 0;
    }

    public void setBonus(double bou) {
        bonus = bou;
    }

    public double getSalary() {
        double baseSalary = super.getSalary();
        return baseSalary + bonus;
    }

    public boolean equals(Manager otherObject) {
        if(!super.equals(otherObject)) return false;
        return bonus == ((Manager) otherObject).bonus;
    }

    public int hashCode() {
        return java.util.Objects.hash(super.hashCode(), bonus);
    }

    public String toString() {
        return super.toString() + "[bonus=" + bonus + ']';
    }
}

最后主函数代码:

package chapter5_inheritance.equals;

import java.util.Objects;

public class equals_test {

    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        var alice1 = new Employee("Alice Adams", 75000, 1987, 12, 15);
        var alice2 = alice1;
        var alice3 = new Employee("Alice Adams", 75000, 1987, 12, 15);
        var bob = new Employee("Bob Brandson", 50000, 1989, 10, 1);

        System.out.println("alice1 == alice2: " + (alice1 == alice2)); /* 引用都是一样的*//* true */

        System.out.println("alice1 == alice3: " + (alice1 == alice3)); /* false */

        System.out.println("----------Have a test-----------------");
        System.out.println(alice1 == alice3); /* false */
        System.out.println(alice1.getClass() == alice3.getClass()); /* true */
        System.out.println(Objects.equals(alice1.getName(), alice3.getName())); /* true */
        System.out.println(alice1.getSalary() == alice3.getSalary()); /* true */
        System.out.println(Objects.equals(alice1.getHireDay(), alice3.getHireDay())); /* true */
        System.out.println("---------------------------------------");

        System.out.println("alice1.equals(alice3): " + alice1.equals(alice3)); /* true */

        System.out.println("alice1.equals(bob): " + alice1.equals(bob)); /* false */

        System.out.println("bob.toString(): " + bob);
        System.out.println();

        var carl = new Manager("Carl Cracker", 80000, 1987, 12, 15);
        var boss = new Manager("Carl Cracker", 80000, 1987, 12, 15);
        boss.setBonus(5000);
        System.out.println("boss.toString(): " + boss);
        System.out.println("carl.equals(boss): " + carl.equals(boss)); /* false */
        System.out.println("alice1.hashCode(): " + alice1.hashCode());
        System.out.println("alice3.hashCode(): " + alice3.hashCode()); /* 这两个散列码是一样的 */
        System.out.println("bob.hashCode(): " + bob.hashCode());
        System.out.println("carl.hashCode(): " + carl.hashCode());

        /*
            alice1 == alice2: true
            alice1 == alice3: false
            alice1.equals(alice3): true
            alice1.equals(bob): false
            bob.toString(): chapter5_inheritance.equals.Employee[name=Bob Brandson,salary=50000.0,hireDay=1989-10-01]
            boss.toString(): chapter5_inheritance.equals.Manager[name=Carl Cracker,salary=80000.0,hireDay=1987-12-15][bonus=5000.0]
            carl.equals(boss): false
            alice1.hashCode(): -808853550
            alice3.hashCode(): -808853550
            bob.hashCode(): -624019882
            carl.hashCode(): -2004699436
         **/
    }
}