INFO1113 - Week6 Notes

Lecture

• Part A: Abstract Classes, Abstract Classes UML, Interfaces Interfaces and UML
• Part B: Default method in Interfaces, Packaging

Abstract Class

• Can define methods and attributes
• Cannot be instantiated

// Declaration
[modifier] abstract class ClassName

// Abstract methods
public static void stack (ClassName element);

Interfaces

• Attributes must be static / constant
• Cannot be instantiated
• Interface is not a class

// Declaration
[modifier] interface InteraceName

• Default method

[modifier] default <returntype> MethodName([parameters])

Subclass can override the default method

Organising

• Classpath: defines a set of dictories exposed to the program
• Packages

package <identifier>[.<nested ident>[...]]

• Java Archives

Tutorial

• Packages:

package my.library

javac -cp .:<directory to .class/.java files> Program.java
java -cp .:<directory to .class files> Program

• Archive

jar -cfm manifest.txt project.jar project/*.class

Challenges

• rounding to 2 decimal place

// Method 1
String toTwoDP = String.format("%.2f",test.cost());
// 1.998 => 2.00

// Method 2 - not always the case
DecimalFormat df = new DecimalFormat("#.##");
String toTwoDP = df.format(test.cost());
// 2.001 => 2
// 2.345 => 2.35

// Method 3
System.out.printf("This trip will cost $%.02f %n",test.cost());