该博客介绍了如何使用Java的Apache Commons CSV库导出CSV文件，包括设置列头、数据写入等操作。同时，还讲解了如何将对象转换为Map，以及读取CSV文件为List<CSVRecord>。示例代码展示了从Controller到Service的完整流程，适用于数据导出场景。
Java 导出 CSV 文件
首先第一步 导入坐标
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-csv</artifactId>
<version>1.6</version>
</dependency>
第二布
引入工具类 说明下 因为这个工具类用到是List
import org.apache.commons.csv.CSVFormat;
import org.apache.commons.csv.CSVParser;
import org.apache.commons.csv.CSVPrinter;
import org.apache.commons.csv.CSVRecord;
import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import java.io.*;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
/**
* 导出至csv文件
* */
public class CsvUtil {
//CSV文件分隔符
private final static String NEW_LINE_SEPARATOR="\n";
/** CSV文件列分隔符 */
private static final String CSV_COLUMN_SEPARATOR = ",";
/** CSV文件列分隔符 */
private static final String CSV_RN = "\r\n";
/**写入csv文件
* @param headers 列头
* @param data 数据内容
* @param filePath 创建的csv文件路径
* @throws IOException **/
public static void writeCsvWithHeader(String[] headers, List<Object[]> data, String filePath) {
//初始化csvformat
CSVFormat format = CSVFormat.DEFAULT.withHeader(headers);
try {
//根据路径创建文件，并设置编码格式
FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(filePath);
OutputStreamWriter osw = new OutputStreamWriter(fos, "GBK");
//创建CSVPrinter对象
CSVPrinter printer = new CSVPrinter(osw, format);
if(null!=data){
//循环写入数据
for(Object[] lineData:data){
printer.printRecord(lineData);
}
}
printer.flush();
printer.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**写入csv文件
* @param headers 列头
* @param data 数据内容
* @param filePath 创建的csv文件路径
* @throws IOException **/
public static void writeCsvWithRecordSeparator(Object[] headers, List<Object[]> data, String filePath){
//初始化csvformat
CSVFormat format = CSVFormat.DEFAULT.withRecordSeparator(NEW_LINE_SEPARATOR);
try {
//根据路径创建文件，并设置编码格式
FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(filePath);
OutputStreamWriter osw = new OutputStreamWriter(fos, "GBK");
//创建CSVPrinter对象
CSVPrinter printer = new CSVPrinter(osw,format);
//写入列头数据
printer.printRecord(headers);
if(null!=data){
//循环写入数据
for(Object[] lineData:data){
printer.printRecord(lineData);
}
}
printer.flush();
printer.close();
System.out.println("CSV文件创建成功,文件路径:"+filePath);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
/**
* @filePath 文件路径
*/
public static List<CSVRecord> readCsvParse(String filePath){
List<CSVRecord> records = new ArrayList<>();
try {
FileInputStream in = new FileInputStream(filePath);
BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader (new InputStreamReader(in,"GBK"));
CSVParser parser = CSVFormat.EXCEL.parse(reader);
records = parser.getRecords();
parser.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}finally {
return records;
}
}
/**
* 自定义字段
* @filePath 文件路径
*/
public static List<CSVRecord> readCsvParseWithHeader(String filePath,String[] headers){
List<CSVRecord> records = new ArrayList<>();
try {
FileInputStream in = new FileInputStream(filePath);
BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader (new InputStreamReader(in,"GBK"));
CSVParser parser = CSVFormat.EXCEL.withHeader(headers).parse(reader);
records = parser.getRecords();
/*for (CSVRecord record : parser.getRecords()) {
System.out.println(record.get("id") + ","
+ record.get("name") + ","
+ record.get("code"));
}*/
parser.close();
}catch (IOException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}finally {
return records;
}
}
/**
* 导出至多个csv文件
* */
public void writeMuti() throws InterruptedException {
ExecutorService executorService = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(3);
CountDownLatch doneSignal = new CountDownLatch(2);
List<Map<String, String>> recordList = new ArrayList<>();
executorService.submit(new CsvExportThread("E:/0.csv", recordList, doneSignal));
executorService.submit(new CsvExportThread("E:/1.csv", recordList, doneSignal));
doneSignal.await();
System.out.println("Finish!!!");
}
/**
* @param colNames 表头部数据
* @param dataList 集合数据
* @param mapKeys 查找的对应数据
*/
public static ByteArrayOutputStream doExport(String[] colNames, String[] mapKeys, List<Map> dataList) {
try {
StringBuffer buf = new StringBuffer();
// 完成数据csv文件的封装
// 输出列头
for (int i = 0; i < colNames.length; i++) {
buf.append(colNames[i]).append(CSV_COLUMN_SEPARATOR);
}
buf.append(CSV_RN);
if (null != dataList) { // 输出数据
for (int i = 0; i < dataList.size(); i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < mapKeys.length; j++) {
buf.append(dataList.get(i).get(mapKeys[j])).append(CSV_COLUMN_SEPARATOR);
}
buf.append(CSV_RN);
}
}
// 写出响应
ByteArrayOutputStream os = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
//OutputStream os = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
os.write(buf.toString().getBytes("GBK"));
os.flush();
os.close();
return os;
} catch (Exception e) {
LogUtils.error("doExport错误...", e);
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
public static HttpHeaders setCsvHeader(String fileName) {
HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();
try {
// 设置文件后缀
SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMddHHmmss");
String filename = new String(fileName.getBytes("gbk"), "iso8859-1") + sdf.format(new Date()) + ".csv";
headers.add("Pragma", "public");
headers.add("Cache-Control", "max-age=30");
headers.add("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename="+filename);
headers.setContentType(MediaType.valueOf("application/vnd.ms-excel;charset=UTF-8"));
}catch (Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
return headers;
}
}
第三部
controller 层
package com.example.demo.controller;
import com.example.demo.service.DemoService;
import com.example.demo.util.CsvUtil;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/demo")
public class DemoController {
@Autowired
private DemoService demoService;
@RequestMapping("/exportCsv")
public ResponseEntity<byte[]> exportCsv(){
//设置excel文件名
String fileName="用户表";
//设置HttpHeaders，设置fileName编码，排除导出文档名称乱码问题
HttpHeaders headers = CsvUtil.setCsvHeader(fileName);
byte[] value = null;
try {
//获取要导出的数据
value = this.demoService.exportCsv();
}catch (Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
return new ResponseEntity<byte[]>(value,headers, HttpStatus.OK);
}
}
第四步
service 接口
package com.example.demo.service;
public interface DemoService {
/*导出csv文件*/
byte[] exportCsv();
}
第五步
service 实现类
package com.example.demo.service.impl;
import com.example.demo.pojo.User;
import com.example.demo.service.DemoService;
import com.example.demo.util.CsvUtil;
import org.apache.commons.beanutils.BeanUtils;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
@Service
public class DemoServiceImpl implements DemoService {
@Override
public byte[] exportCsv() {
byte[] content = null;
try {
String[] sTitles = new String[]{"名称","年龄","性别"};
String[] mapKeys = new String[]{"name","age","sex"};
List<Map> dataList = new ArrayList<>();
//数据
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
User user = new User("小明" + i, i, "男" + i);
Map map = BeanUtils.describe(user);
dataList.add(map);
}
ByteArrayOutputStream os = CsvUtil.doExport(sTitles,mapKeys,dataList);
content = os.toByteArray();
}catch (Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
return content;
}
}
补充 :
对象和map 互相转换
坐标
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-beanutils</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-beanutils</artifactId>
<version>1.9.3</version>
</dependency>
用到的工具类
BeanUtils
1. bean(实体类)转Map
例子:
Person person=new Person();
person1.setName("张三");
person1.setSex("不男不女");
Map<String, Object> map=null;
map = BeanUtils.describe(person1);
2. map转bean(实体类)
例子: 估计谁没事也不会用map 转bean 可能是我见识短了
/**
* Map转换层Bean，使用泛型免去了类型转换的麻烦。
* @param <T>
* @param map
* @param class1
* @return
*/
public static <T> T map2Bean(Map<String, String> map, Class<T> class1) {
T bean = null;
try {
bean = class1.newInstance();
BeanUtils.populate(bean, map);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return bean;
}
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