leetcode--链表总结

链表基础知识

1.链表介绍

链表就是通过指针串联在一起的线性结构，每一个节点由两部分组成，一个是数据域，另一个为指针域，其指向下一个节点，最后一个节点指向null。

2.链表分类

• 链表分类
  • 单链表
  • 双链表
  • 循环链表

3.链表的定义

public class ListNode{
	//结点的值
	int val;
	//下一个结点
	ListNode next;
	//无参构造
	public ListNode(){
	}
	//一个参数
	public ListNode(int val){
		this.val = val;
	}
	//两个参数
	public ListNode(int val, ListNode next){
		this.val = val;
		this.next = next;
	}
}

203 移除链表元素

给你一个链表的头节点 head 和一个整数 val ，请你删除链表中所有满足 Node.val == val 的节点，并返回 新的头节点 。

class Solution {
    public ListNode removeElements(ListNode head, int val) {
        
        while(head != null && head.val == val){
            head = head.next;
        }

        if(head == null){
            return head;
        }

        ListNode preNode = head;
        ListNode curNode = head.next;
        while(curNode != null){
            if(curNode.val == val){
                preNode.next = curNode.next;
            }else{
                preNode = curNode;
            }
            curNode = curNode.next;
        }
        return head;
    }
}

707 设计链表

class ListNode {
    int val;
    ListNode next;
    ListNode(){}
    ListNode(int val) {
        this.val=val;
    }
}
class MyLinkedList {
    //size存储链表元素的个数
    int size;
    //虚拟头结点
    ListNode head;

    //初始化链表
    public MyLinkedList() {
        size = 0;
        head = new ListNode(0);
    }

    //获取第index个节点的数值
    public int get(int index) {
        //如果index非法，返回-1
        if (index < 0 || index >= size) {
            return -1;
        }
        ListNode currentNode = head;
        //包含一个虚拟头节点，所以查找第 index+1 个节点
        for (int i = 0; i <= index; i++) {
            currentNode = currentNode.next;
        }
        return currentNode.val;
    }

    //在链表最前面插入一个节点
    public void addAtHead(int val) {
        addAtIndex(0, val);
    }

    //在链表的最后插入一个节点
    public void addAtTail(int val) {
        addAtIndex(size, val);
    }

    // 在第 index 个节点之前插入一个新节点，例如index为0，那么新插入的节点为链表的新头节点。
    // 如果 index 等于链表的长度，则说明是新插入的节点为链表的尾结点
    // 如果 index 大于链表的长度，则返回空
    public void addAtIndex(int index, int val) {
        if (index > size) {
            return;
        }
        if (index < 0) {
            index = 0;
        }
        size++;
        //找到要插入节点的前驱
        ListNode pred = head;
        for (int i = 0; i < index; i++) {
            pred = pred.next;
        }
        ListNode toAdd = new ListNode(val);
        toAdd.next = pred.next;
        pred.next = toAdd;
    }

    //删除第index个节点
    public void deleteAtIndex(int index) {
        if (index < 0 || index >= size) {
            return;
        }
        size--;
        ListNode pred = head;
        for (int i = 0; i < index; i++) {
            pred = pred.next;
        }
        pred.next = pred.next.next;
    }
}

/**
 * Your MyLinkedList object will be instantiated and called as such:
 * MyLinkedList obj = new MyLinkedList();
 * int param_1 = obj.get(index);
 * obj.addAtHead(val);
 * obj.addAtTail(val);
 * obj.addAtIndex(index,val);
 * obj.deleteAtIndex(index);
 */

206 反转列表

给你单链表的头节点 head ，请你反转链表，并返回反转后的链表。
分析：

/**
 * Definition for singly-linked list.
 * public class ListNode {
 *     int val;
 *     ListNode next;
 *     ListNode() {}
 *     ListNode(int val) { this.val = val; }
 *     ListNode(int val, ListNode next) { this.val = val; this.next = next; }
 * }
 */
 //双指针法
class Solution {
    public ListNode reverseList(ListNode head) {
        ListNode pre = null;
        ListNode cur = head;
        ListNode temp = null;
        while(cur != null){
            temp = cur.next;
            cur.next = pre;
            pre = cur;
            cur = temp;
        }
        return pre;
    }
}

//递归
class Solution {
    public ListNode reverseList(ListNode head) {
        return reverseHelper(null, head);
    }
    private ListNode reverseHelper(ListNode pre, ListNode cur){
        if(cur == null){
            return pre;
        }

        ListNode temp = null;
        temp = cur.next;
        cur.next = pre;
        return reverseHelper(cur, temp);
    }
}

24 两两交换链表中的结点

有点难度

/**
 * Definition for singly-linked list.
 * public class ListNode {
 *     int val;
 *     ListNode next;
 *     ListNode() {}
 *     ListNode(int val) { this.val = val; }
 *     ListNode(int val, ListNode next) { this.val = val; this.next = next; }
 * }
 */
class Solution {
    public ListNode swapPairs(ListNode head) {
       
        if(head == null || head.next == null){
            return head;
        }
        
        ListNode dummyNode = new ListNode(0);
        dummyNode.next = head;
        ListNode pre = dummyNode;

        while(pre.next != null && pre.next.next != null){
            ListNode temp = head.next.next;
            pre.next = head.next;
            head.next.next = head;
            head.next = temp;
            pre = head;
            head = head.next;
        }
        return dummyNode.next;
    }
}

19 删除链表的倒数第 N 个结点

给你一个链表，删除链表的倒数第 n 个结点，并且返回链表的头结点。

    public ListNode removeNthFromEnd(ListNode head, int n) {
        ListNode fakeNode = new ListNode(0);
        fakeNode.next = head;
        ListNode fast = fakeNode;
        ListNode slow = fakeNode;
        for(int i = 0; i < n; i++){
            fast = fast.next;
        }
        while(fast.next != null){
            fast = fast.next;
            slow = slow.next;
        }
        slow.next = slow.next.next;
        return fakeNode.next;
    }
}

02.07 链表相交

给你两个单链表的头节点 headA 和 headB ，请你找出并返回两个单链表相交的起始节点。如果两个链表没有交点，返回 null 。

/**
 * Definition for singly-linked list.
 * public class ListNode {
 *     int val;
 *     ListNode next;
 *     ListNode(int x) {
 *         val = x;
 *         next = null;
 *     }
 * }
 */
public class Solution {
    public ListNode getIntersectionNode(ListNode headA, ListNode headB) {
        ListNode curA = headA;
        ListNode curB = headB;
        int lenA = 0 , lenB = 0;
        while(curA != null){
            curA = curA.next;
            lenA++;
        }

        while(curB != null){
            curB = curB.next;
            lenB++;
        }

        curA = headA;
        curB = headB;

        //让curA为最长链表的头，lenA为其长度
        if (lenB > lenA){
            //1.swap(lenA,lenB);
            int tmpLen = lenA;
            lenA = lenB;
            lenB = tmpLen;
            
            //2.swap(curA,curB);
            ListNode tmpNode = curA;
            curA = curB;
            curB = tmpNode;
        }
        
        //求长度差
        int gap = lenA - lenB;
        //让curA和curB在同一起点位置上（末尾位置对其）
        while (gap-- > 0){
            curA = curA.next;
        }
        
        //遍历curA和curB，遇到相同的值即返回
        while (curA != null){
            if (curA == curB){
                return curA;
            }
            
            curA = curA.next;
            curB = curB.next;
        }
        
        return null;
    }
}

142 环形列表Ⅱ

/**
 * Definition for singly-linked list.
 * class ListNode {
 *     int val;
 *     ListNode next;
 *     ListNode(int x) {
 *         val = x;
 *         next = null;
 *     }
 * }
 */
public class Solution {
    public ListNode detectCycle(ListNode head) {
        ListNode slow = head;
        ListNode fast = head;

        while(fast != null && fast.next != null){
            slow = slow.next;
            fast = fast.next.next;
            if(slow == fast){
                ListNode index1 = fast;
                ListNode index2 = head;

                while(index1 != index2){
                    index1 = index1.next;
                    index2 = index2.next;
                }
                return index1;
            }
        }
        return null;
    }
}