Docker容器内部下载常用工具
首先声明,我的是Debian 11(bulleye),我们需要先将镜像更换为国内镜像源以保证网络下载顺畅,docker启动sudo service docker start
一、推荐几个常用的国内镜像源
阿里云镜像站
deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ bullseye main non-free contrib
deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ bullseye main non-free contrib
deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian-security/ bullseye-security main
deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian-security/ bullseye-security main
deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ bullseye-updates main non-free contrib
deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ bullseye-updates main non-free contrib
deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ bullseye-backports main non-free contrib
deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ bullseye-backports main non-free contrib
网易镜像站
deb https://mirrors.163.com/debian/ bullseye main non-free contrib
deb-src https://mirrors.163.com/debian/ bullseye main non-free contrib
deb https://mirrors.163.com/debian-security/ bullseye-security main
deb-src https://mirrors.163.com/debian-security/ bullseye-security main
deb https://mirrors.163.com/debian/ bullseye-updates main non-free contrib
deb-src https://mirrors.163.com/debian/ bullseye-updates main non-free contrib
deb https://mirrors.163.com/debian/ bullseye-backports main non-free contrib
deb-src https://mirrors.163.com/debian/ bullseye-backports main non-free contrib
使用方法
一般情况下,将/etc/apt/sources.list文件中Debian默认的软件仓库地址和安全更新仓库地址修改为国内的镜像地址即可,比如将deb.debian.org和security.debian.org改为mirrors.xxx.com,并使用https访问,可使用如下命令:
sed -i "s@http://\(deb\|security\).debian.org@https://mirrors.xxx.com@g" /etc/apt/sources.list
设置好镜像源之后进行更新
apt update
二、开装
1.安装方法
安装Ping工具命令
apt install -y inetutils-ping
安装wget工具命令
apt install -y wget
2.解决每次进入容器都要重新安装工具问题
可用如下方法:
(1).查看已经安装了工具包的容器id
docker ps -a
(2).将容器保存为另一个新的镜像(下次直接运行新镜像)
docker commit <container_id> new_image_name:tag_name(optional)
下次再次进入的时候就是进入新的镜像即可,新镜像=旧镜像+安装的包
三、总结
上面简单介绍了如何在 docker 容器中安装常用的工具,主要介绍如何配置国内镜像源,本质上跟普通的 Linux 系统的配置是一样的,只是这个是在容器中配置并安装,容器删除以后,相关的安装配置也会一并删除。在容器中安装这些工具主要是为了方便调试,比如一些网络的问题,也可以自定义一个基础镜像,把相关的工具和配置安装在基础镜像中。