前言
当我们学习完Spring SpringMVC MyBatis之后,我们就应该需要将他们整合起来使用,因为只有这样我们才算是真正掌握了SSM框架的使用,本文将会详细的带领大家进行SSM框架的整合!
一、整合前的环境搭建
1.新建一Maven项目!添加web的支持
这个可以参考我以前的文章Maven的创建和添加web
2、导入相关的pom依赖
<dependencies>
<!--Junit-->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.12</version>
</dependency>
<!--数据库驱动-->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.47</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 数据库连接池 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
<artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
<version>0.9.5.2</version>
</dependency>
<!--Servlet - JSP -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>2.5</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
<artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>2.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<!--Mybatis-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>3.5.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>2.0.2</version>
</dependency>
<!--Spring-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>5.1.9.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>5.1.9.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!--Lombok-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<version>1.16.10</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>5.2.8.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Spring5和Thymeleaf整合包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.thymeleaf</groupId>
<artifactId>thymeleaf-spring5</artifactId>
<version>3.0.12.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
3、Maven资源过滤设置
<!--静态资源导出问题-->
<build>
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/java</directory>
<includes>
<include>**/*.properties</include>
<include>**/*.xml</include>
</includes>
<filtering>false</filtering>
</resource>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/resources</directory>
<includes>
<include>**/*.properties</include>
<include>**/*.xml</include>
</includes>
<filtering>false</filtering>
</resource>
</resources>
</build>
4、创建基本结构和包
在项目中创建mapper(也可以称为dao)、controller、service、pojo包
在资源里创建mybatis-config和applicationContext.xml
二、Mybatis层编写
1、数据库配置文件 jdbc.properties
jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
#如果使用Mysql8.0+,增加一个时区的配置;
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/ssmbuild?useSSL=true&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=root
2、编写MyBatis的核心配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<!--配置数据源,交给Spring去做-->
<typeAliases>
<package name="com.JJL.pojo"/>
</typeAliases>
<mappers>
<package name="com.JJL.mapper"/>
</mappers>
</configuration>
3、编写数据库对应的实体类 com.kuang.pojo.Books(使用lombok插件!)
因为想偷懒就用lombok插件,这些注释就包含了set,get方法,有参无参构造,toString方法。
package com.JJL.pojo;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
@Data //除了有参构造都有了
@AllArgsConstructor //加上有参构造,就剩无参构造
@NoArgsConstructor
public class Books {
private int bookID;
private String bookName;
private int bookCounts;
private String detail;
}
4、编写Mapper层的 Mapper接口!
在mapper包里面写一个接口
import com.JJL.pojo.Books;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;
import java.util.List;
public interface BookMapper {
//增加一本书
int addBook(Books books);
//删除一本书
int deleteBookById(@Param("id") int id);
//更新一本书
int updateBook(Books books);
//查询一本书
Books queryBookById(@Param("id") int id);
//查询全部的书
List<Books> queryAllBook();
//根据书名查询书籍信息
Books queryBookByName(@Param("bookName") String bookName);
}
5、编写接口对应的 Mapper.xml 文件。需要导入MyBatis的包;
一般情况下,我都喜欢吧接口对应的Mapper.xml文件,放在resources下面,与接口的包也相对应。
这个BookMapper就相当于接口的实现方法
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.JJL.mapper.BookMapper">
<!--增加一本书int addBook(Books books);-->
<insert id="addBook" parameterType="Books">
insert into books (bookName,bookCounts,detail) values (#{bookName},#{bookCounts},#{detail});
</insert>
<!--删除一本书int deleteBookById(int id);-->
<delete id="deleteBookById" parameterType="int">
delete from books where bookID=#{id};
</delete>
<!--更新一本书int updateBook(Books books);-->
<update id="updateBook" parameterType="Books">
update books set bookName=#{bookName},bookCounts=#{bookCounts},detail=#{detail} where bookID=#{bookID};
</update>
<!--查询一本书Books queryBookById(@Param("id") int id);-->
<select id="queryBookById" resultType="Books">
select * from books where bookID=#{id};
</select>
<!--查询全部的书List<Books> queryAllBook();-->
<select id="queryAllBook" resultType="Books">
select * from books;
</select>
<!--根据书名查询书籍信息 Books queryBookByName(String bookName);-->
<select id="queryBookByName" resultType="Books">
select * from books where bookName=#{bookName}
</select>
</mapper>
6、编写Service层的接口和实现类
接口:
import java.util.List;
public interface BookService {
//增加一本书
int addBook(Books books);
//删除一本书
int deleteBookById(int id);
//更新一本书
int updateBook(Books books);
//查询一本书
Books queryBookById(int id);
//查询全部的书
List<Books> queryAllBook();
//根据书名查询书籍信息
Books queryBookByName(String bookName);
}
实现类:
import com.JJL.mapper.BookMapper;
import com.JJL.pojo.Books;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import java.util.List;
@Service
public class BookServiceImpl implements BookService{
//service调Dao层;组合Dao
@Autowired
private BookMapper bookMapper;
public void setBookMapper(BookMapper bookMapper) {
this.bookMapper = bookMapper;
}
@Override
public int addBook(Books books) {
return bookMapper.addBook(books);
}
@Override
public int deleteBookById(int id) {
return bookMapper.deleteBookById(id);
}
@Override
public int updateBook(Books books) {
return bookMapper.updateBook(books);
}
@Override
public Books queryBookById(int id) {
return bookMapper.queryBookById(id);
}
@Override
public List<Books> queryAllBook() {
return bookMapper.queryAllBook();
}
@Override
public Books queryBookByName(String bookName) {
return bookMapper.queryBookByName(bookName);
}
}
因此到这里,底层的编写就结束了
三、Spring层编写
1、配置Spring整合MyBatis,我们这里数据源使用c3p0连接池
c3p0的依赖包我们一开始就已经导入过了。
2、我们去编写Spring整合Mybatis的相关的配置文件;spring-dao.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!--1、关联数据库配置文件-->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"/>
<!--2、连接池
dbcp:半自动化操作,不能自动连接
c3p0:自动化操作(自动化的加载配置文件,并且可以自动设置到对象中!)
druid:
-->
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
<property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
<property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
<property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
<!-- c3p0连接池的私有属性 -->
<property name="maxPoolSize" value="30"/>
<property name="minPoolSize" value="10"/>
<!-- 关闭连接后不自动commit -->
<property name="autoCommitOnClose" value="false"/>
<!-- 获取连接超时时间 -->
<property name="checkoutTimeout" value="10000"/>
<!-- 当获取连接失败重试次数 -->
<property name="acquireRetryAttempts" value="2"/>
</bean>
<!--3、sqlsessionFactory-->
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
<!--绑定Mybatis的配置文件-->
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"/>
</bean>
<!--4、配置mapper接口扫描包,动态实现了mapper接口可以注入到Spring容器中!-->
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<!--注入sqlsessionFactory-->
<property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/>
<!--要扫描的mapper包-->
<property name="basePackage" value="com.JJL.mapper"/>
</bean>
</beans>
3、Spring整合service层
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!--1、扫描service下的包-->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.JJL.service"/>
<!--2、将我们的所有业务类,注入到Spring,可以通过配置,或者注解实现-->
<bean id="BookServiceImpl" class="com.JJL.service.BookServiceImpl">
<property name="bookMapper" ref="bookMapper"/>
</bean>
<!--3、声明事务配置-->
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<!--注入数据源-->
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
</bean>
<!--4、aop事务支持!-->
</beans>
Spring层就解决了,理解一下,Spring就是一个容器!
四、SpringMVC层编写
1、web.xml
web.xml就开始处理请求,以及过滤器的问题
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
version="4.0">
<!--DispatchServlet-->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!--乱码过滤-->
<filter>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>utf-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!--Session 过期时间-->
<session-config>
<session-timeout>15</session-timeout>
</session-config>
</web-app>
2、spring-mvc.xml
这次框架使用的是thymeleaf视图解析器
注意:视图解析器中
property name=“prefix” value="/WEB-INF/html/"/>
property name=“suffix” value=".html"/>
一个是前缀,一个是后缀。
前缀代表是必须在/WEB-INF/html/文件中
后缀是.html
然后视图解析器每次都会我们传的名字包装成.html让其能够跳转
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!--1、注解驱动-->
<mvc:annotation-driven/>
<!--2、静态资源过滤-->
<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
<!--3、扫描包:controller-->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.JJL.controller"/>
<!-- 4、配置Thymeleaf视图解析器 -->
<bean id="viewResolver" class="org.thymeleaf.spring5.view.ThymeleafViewResolver">
<property name="order" value="1"/>
<property name="characterEncoding" value="UTF-8"/>
<property name="templateEngine">
<bean class="org.thymeleaf.spring5.SpringTemplateEngine">
<property name="templateResolver">
<bean class="org.thymeleaf.spring5.templateresolver.SpringResourceTemplateResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/html/"/>
<property name="suffix" value=".html"/>
<property name="templateMode" value="HTML5"/>
<property name="characterEncoding" value="UTF-8" />
</bean>
</property>
</bean>
</property>
</bean>
<!--5、path:设置处理的请求地址 view-name:设置请求地址所对应的视图名称-->
<mvc:view-controller path="/" view-name="index"></mvc:view-controller>
</beans>
3、Spring配置整合文件,applicationContext.xml
在applicationContext.xml文件中整合文件,否则会报错,有些地方找不到资源
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<import resource="classpath:spring-service.xml"/>
<import resource="classpath:spring-dao.xml"/>
<import resource="classpath:spring-mvc.xml"/>
</beans>
配置文件,暂时结束!
五、Controller 和 视图层编写
1、BookController 类编写
查询全部书籍,添加书籍,修改书籍,删除书籍的全部方法
import com.JJL.pojo.Books;
import com.JJL.service.BookService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
@Controller
public class BookController {
//controller 调service层
@Autowired
@Qualifier("BookServiceImpl")
private BookService bookService;
//查询全部的书籍,并且返回到一个书籍展示页面
@RequestMapping("/allBook")
public String list(Model model){
List<Books> list=bookService.queryAllBook();
model.addAttribute("list",list);
return "allBook";
}
//跳转到增加书籍页面
@RequestMapping("/toAddBook")
public String toAddPaper(){
return "addBook";
}
//添加书籍的请求
@RequestMapping("/addBook")
public String addBook(Books books){
bookService.addBook(books);
return "redirect:allBook"; //重定向到我们的@RequestMapping("/allBook")请求
}
//
//跳转到修改书籍页面
@RequestMapping("/toUpdateBook")
public String toUpdatePaper(int id,Model model){
Books books=bookService.queryBookById(id);
model.addAttribute("books",books);
return "UpdateBook";
}
//修改书籍
@RequestMapping("updateBook")
public String updateBook(Books books){
bookService.updateBook(books);
return "redirect:allBook";
}
//删除数据
@RequestMapping("/deleteBook")
public String updateBook(int id){
bookService.deleteBookById(id);
return "redirect:allBook";
}
//查询书籍
@RequestMapping("queryBook")
public String queryBook(String queryBookName,Model model){
Books books = bookService.queryBookByName(queryBookName);
List<Books> list=new ArrayList<Books>();
list.add(books);
if(books==null){
list=bookService.queryAllBook();
model.addAttribute("error","未查到");
}
model.addAttribute("list",list);
return "allBook";
}
}
2、index.html的编写
本篇文章用的是BootStrap样式编写(因为真的很好用!!,还能偷懒)
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>首页</title>
<style>
a{
text-decoration: none;
color:black;
font-size: 18px;
}
h3{
width: 180px;
height: 38px;
margin: 100px auto;
text-align: center;
line-height: 38px;
background: aquamarine;
border-radius: 5px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h3>
<a th:href="@{/allBook}">进入书籍页面</a>
</h3>
</body>
</html>
3、allBook.html的编写(书籍页面)
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>书籍展示页面</title>
<!--BootStrap美化界面-->
<link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<div class="row clearfix"> <!--清除浮动-->
<div class="col-md-12 column"> <!--均分十二列-->
<div class="page-header">
<h1>
<small>书籍列表——————显示所有书籍</small>
</h1>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-4 column">
<a class="btn btn-primary" th:href="@{/toAddBook}">新增书籍</a>
<a class="btn btn-primary" th:href="@{/allBook}">显示全部书籍</a>
</div>
<div class="col-md-4 column"></div>
<div class="col-md-4 column">
<form class="form-inline" th:action="@{/queryBook}" method="post" style="float: right">
<span style="color: red;font-weight: bold" th:text="${error}"></span>
<input type="text" name="queryBookName" class="form-control" placeholder="请输入要查询的书籍名称">
<input type="submit" value="查询" class="btn btn-primary">
</form>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row clearfix"> <!--清除浮动-->
<div class="col-md-12 column">
<table class="table table-hover table-striped">
<thead>
<th>书籍编号</th>
<th>书籍名称</th>
<th>书籍数量</th>
<th>书籍详情</th>
<th>操作</th>
</thead>
<!--书籍从数据库中查询出来,从这个list中遍历出来:foreach-->
<tbody>
<tr th:each="book : ${list}">
<td th:text="${book.bookID}"></td>
<td th:text="${book.bookName}"></td>
<td th:text="${book.bookCounts}"></td>
<td th:text="${book.detail}"></td>
<td>
<a th:href="@{/toUpdateBook(id=${book.bookID})}">修改</a>
|
<a th:href="@{/deleteBook(id=${book.bookID})}">删除</a>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
4、addBook.html的编写(添加书籍页面)
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>新增页面</title>
<!--BootStrap美化界面-->
<link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<div class="row clearfix"> <!--清除浮动-->
<div class="col-md-12 column"> <!--均分十二列-->
<div class="page-header">
<h1>
<small>书籍列表——————新增书籍</small>
</h1>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<form th:action="@{/addBook}" method="post">
<div class="form-group">
<label for="bookname">书籍名称</label>
<input type="text" name="bookName" class="form-control" id="bookname">
</div>
<div>
<label for="bookcount">书籍数量</label>
<input type="text" name="bookCounts" class="form-control" id="bookcount">
</div>
<div>
<label for="bookdescribe">书籍描述</label>
<input type="text" name="detail" class="form-control" id="bookdescribe">
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<input type="submit" class="form-control" value="添加">
</div>
</form>
</div>
</body>
</html>
5、updateBook.html的编写(修改和删除书籍页面)
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>修改书籍</title>
<link href="https://cdn.bootcss.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<div class="row clearfix"> <!--清除浮动-->
<div class="col-md-12 column"> <!--均分十二列-->
<div class="page-header">
<h1>
<small>书籍列表——————修改书籍</small>
</h1>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<form th:action="@{/updateBook}" method="post">
<!--前端传递隐藏域-->
<input type="hidden" name="bookID" th:value="${books.bookID}">
<div class="form-group">
<label for="bookname">书籍名称</label>
<input type="text" name="bookName" class="form-control" th:value="${books.bookName}" id="bookname" required>
</div>
<div>
<label for="bookcount">书籍数量</label>
<input type="text" name="bookCounts" class="form-control" th:value="${books.bookCounts}" id="bookcount" required>
</div>
<div>
<label for="bookdescribe">书籍描述</label>
<input type="text" name="detail" class="form-control" th:value="${books.detail}" id="bookdescribe" required>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<input type="submit" class="form-control" value="修改">
</div>
</form>
</div>
</body>
</html>
配置Tomcat,进行运行!
到目前为止,这个SSM项目整合已经完全的OK了,可以直接运行进行测试!
大家也可以将其保存下来当做一个模板使用,因为大部分SSM框架一开始搭建步骤都是一样的,有一个模板可以节省许多时间!!!
项目结构图
总结
SSM整合案例,一定要烂熟于心!
SSM框架的重要程度是不言而喻的,学到这里,大家已经可以进行基本网站的单独开发。但是这仅仅只是增删改查的基本操作。可以说学到这里,大家才算是真正的步入了后台开发的门。后面还要继续努力学习!!!!