python基础之循环语句

循环

重复执行某一个固定的动作或者任务

for语句

基础语法:

for 临时变量(可以是多个,用逗号隔开) in iterable(可迭代元素):
某一件事情
某几件事情

再次强调:python中iterable元素:bytes str tuple list set dict

for输出不同数据类型

输入:for i in b'123':
    print(i)  #输出其对应Ascii码值
结果:49
     50
     51
输入:for i in {1: 2, 2: 3, 3: 4}:
    print(i) #字典默认结果为输出他的key值
结果:1  
     2
     3
输入:for i in {1: 2, 2: 3, 3: 4}.values():
    print(i)  #通过语句后指定输出键值可以改变输出
结果:2
     3
     4
输入:for i in {1: 2, 2: 3, 3: 4}.items():
     print(i) #通过末尾指定可以以元组形式分别输出。
结果:(12)
     (23)
     (34)
输入:for i, j in {1: 2, 2: 3, 3: 4}.items():
     print(i, j) #指定输出多个变量
结果:1 2
     2 3
     3 4

嵌套语句

输入:color_list = ["red", "blue", "black"]
     size_list = ["S", "M", "L"]
     for i in color_list:
         for j in size_list:
             print(i, j)
结果: #可以看出执行一次外循环需要执行三次内循环。
red S
red M
red L
blue S
blue M
blue L
black S
black M
black L
打印99乘法表
输入:for i in range(1,10):
     for j in range(1,i+1):
        print(i, '*', j, "=", i*j, end="\t" )
    print() #换行输出
结果:
1 * 1 = 1	
2 * 1 = 2	2 * 2 = 4	
3 * 1 = 3	3 * 2 = 6	3 * 3 = 9	
4 * 1 = 4	4 * 2 = 8	4 * 3 = 12	4 * 4 = 16	
5 * 1 = 5	5 * 2 = 10	5 * 3 = 15	5 * 4 = 20	5 * 5 = 25	
6 * 1 = 6	6 * 2 = 12	6 * 3 = 18	6 * 4 = 24	6 * 5 = 30	6 * 6 = 36	
7 * 1 = 7	7 * 2 = 14	7 * 3 = 21	7 * 4 = 28	7 * 5 = 35	7 * 6 = 42	7 * 7 = 49	
8 * 1 = 8	8 * 2 = 16	8 * 3 = 24	8 * 4 = 32	8 * 5 = 40	8 * 6 = 48	8 * 7 = 56	8 * 8 = 64	
9 * 1 = 9	9 * 2 = 18	9 * 3 = 27	9 * 4 = 36	9 * 5 = 45	9 * 6 = 54	9 * 7 = 63	9 * 8 = 72	9 * 9 = 81	

break和cintinue语句

break语句
输入:for i in range(10):
     if i > 5: 当满足结果时退出循环
        break 
     print(i)
结果:
0
1
2
3
4
5
continue语句
输入:
for i in range(10):
        if i == 5: #当满足条件时跳过该循环进入下一个循环
            continue
        print(i)
结果:
0
1
2
3
4
6
7
8
9

enumerate命令

序列下标和值对应列举出来。

输入:for index, value in enumerate([1, 2, 3]):
     print(index, value)
结果:0 1
     1 2
     2 3

rang范围命令

明确一点:
若 range(a, b) 则范围为:a<= num <b 且 都是整数(左开右闭)

输入:for s in range(10):  #默认start=0,step = 1
     print(s)
结果:
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
输入:for r in range(1, 10): #start=1, stop=10, 默认step=1
     print(r)
结果:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
输入:for b in range(1, 10, 1): #start==1,stop=10,step=1
     print(b)
结果:1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0-100之间所有数之和
输入:sum_data = 0 
     for i in range(1, 101): #start=1,stop=101,   step=1
     sum_data += i
     print(sum_data)
结果: 5050

while语句

只要条件满足,就不断循环,条件不满足时退出循环

基础语句

输入:num = 0
while num <= 4:
    print(num)
    num += 1
结果:1
     2
     3
     4

嵌套语句

color_list = ["red", "blue", "black"]
size_list = ["S", "M", "L"]
print(len(color_list))
print(len(size_list))
i = 0
while i < len(color_list):
    j = 0 #注意内部循环结束后内部循环需要重置才能进行下一次内部循环
    while j < len(size_list):
        print(color_list[i], size_list[j])
        j += 1
    i += 1
结果:
red S
red M
red L
blue S
blue M
blue L
black S
black M
black L
打印99乘法表
输入:
i = 1
while i < 10:
    j = 1
    while j <= i:
        print(i, '*', j, "=", i*j, end="\t" ) #这里\t为制表符
        j += 1
    print()  
    i += 1
结果:
1 * 1 = 1	
2 * 1 = 2	2 * 2 = 4	
3 * 1 = 3	3 * 2 = 6	3 * 3 = 9	
4 * 1 = 4	4 * 2 = 8	4 * 3 = 12	4 * 4 = 16	
5 * 1 = 5	5 * 2 = 10	5 * 3 = 15	5 * 4 = 20	5 * 5 = 25	
6 * 1 = 6	6 * 2 = 12	6 * 3 = 18	6 * 4 = 24	6 * 5 = 30	6 * 6 = 36	
7 * 1 = 7	7 * 2 = 14	7 * 3 = 21	7 * 4 = 28	7 * 5 = 35	7 * 6 = 42	7 * 7 = 49	
8 * 1 = 8	8 * 2 = 16	8 * 3 = 24	8 * 4 = 32	8 * 5 = 40	8 * 6 = 48	8 * 7 = 56	8 * 8 = 64	
9 * 1 = 9	9 * 2 = 18	9 * 3 = 27	9 * 4 = 36	9 * 5 = 45	9 * 6 = 54	9 * 7 = 63	9 * 8 = 72	9 * 9 = 81	

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