替换replace，translate

1. replace用法

str = "12346上山打老虎"
str.replace("6","5")#'12345上山打老虎'

replace(old,new[,count = -1])
如果不改count值，默认全部替换

str = "知否知否，应是绿肥红瘦"
str.replace("知否","不知")#'不知不知，应是绿肥红瘦'

str = "知否知否，应是绿肥红瘦"
str.replace("知否","不知",1)#'不知知否，应是绿肥红瘦'

2. translate(table)用法
   首先获取表格转换规则(table)

table = str.maketrans("01234567","〇一二三四五六七")
year = "2021"
year.translate(table)#二〇二一

year = "2021"
year.translate(str.maketrans("01234567","〇一二三四五六七"))