utf8字符串转gb2312代码

因iconv方法有些编译器不支持，则采用下面映射方法

完全代码参考：https://download.csdn.net/download/weixin_55163060/84566848

unsigned short giGB2312[21243][2];
const unsigned short giGBCount=21243;

/*
Unicode符号范围     |        UTF-8编码方式
(十六进制)        |              （二进制）
----------------------+---------------------------------------------
0000 0000-0000 007F | 0xxxxxxx
0000 0080-0000 07FF | 110xxxxx 10xxxxxx
0000 0800-0000 FFFF | 1110xxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx
0001 0000-0010 FFFF | 11110xxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx 10xxxxxx
*/
/**
 * @brief utf8编码转unicode字符集(usc4)，最大支持4字节utf8编码，(4字节以上在中日韩文中为生僻字)
 * @param *utf8 utf8变长编码字节集1~4个字节
 * @param *unicode utf8编码转unicode字符集结果，最大4个字节，返回的字节序与utf8编码序一致
 * @return length 0：utf8解码异常，others：本次utf8编码长度
 */
unsigned char UTF8ToUnicode(unsigned char *utf8, unsigned int *unicode) {
    const unsigned char lut_size = 3;
    const unsigned char length_lut[] = {2, 3, 4};
    const unsigned char range_lut[] = {0xE0, 0xF0, 0xF8};
    const unsigned char mask_lut[] = {0x1F, 0x0F, 0x07};

    unsigned char length = 0;
    char b = *(utf8 + 0);
    unsigned int i = 0;

    if(utf8 == NULL) {
        *unicode = 0;
        return -1;
    }
    // utf8编码兼容ASCII编码,使用0xxxxxx 表示00~7F
    if(b < 0x80) {
        *unicode =  b;
        return 1;
    }
    // utf8不兼容ISO8859-1 ASCII拓展字符集
    // 同时最大支持编码6个字节即1111110X
    if(b < 0xC0 || b > 0xFD) {
        *unicode = 0;
        return -1;
    }
    for(i = 0; i < lut_size; i++) {
        if(b < range_lut[i]) {
            *unicode = b & mask_lut[i];
            length = length_lut[i];
            break;
        }
    }
    // 超过四字节的utf8编码不进行解析
    if(length == 0) {
        *unicode = 0;
        return -1;
    }
    // 取后续字节数据
    for(i = 1; i < length; i++ ) {
        b = *(utf8 + i);
        // 多字节utf8编码后续字节范围10xxxxxx‬~‭10111111‬
        if( b < 0x80 || b > 0xBF ) {
            break;
        }
        *unicode <<= 6;
        // ‭00111111‬
        *unicode |= (b & 0x3F);
    }
    // 长度校验
    return (i < length) ? -1 : length;
}

unsigned short UnicodeToGB2312 (int unicode, unsigned short *gb2312)
{
	int i;
	if(unicode<0x80)
	{
		*gb2312 = unicode;
		return 1;
	}	

	for(i=0;i<giGBCount;i++)
	{
		if (giGB2312[i][1]==unicode)
			*gb2312 = giGB2312[i][0];
	}
	return 2;
}

int get_size_from_utf8(unsigned char ch)
{
    int count;
  
    if ((ch & 0x80) == 0)
        //这是用来兼容ASSIC的。也就是说一个标准的ASSIC文件就是UTF-8文件
        count = 1;
    else if ((ch & 0xE0) == 0xC0)
         //0xE0是11100000
         //0xC0是11000000
         //是说前面3个bit 是110 ，那当前的字符和后面的一个字符组成一个汉字
        count = 2;
    else if ((ch & 0xF0) == 0xE0)
         //0xF0是11110000
         //0xE0是11100000
         //是说前面4个bit 是1110 ，那当前的字符和后面的两个字符组成一个汉字
        count = 3;
    else if ((ch & 0xF8) == 0xF0)
        count = 4;
    else if ((ch & 0xFC) == 0xF8)
        count = 5;
    else if ((ch & 0xFE) == 0xFC)
        count = 6;
    else
 		count = 1;

    return count;
}


int utf8togb2312(char *utf8str, int utf8len, char *gb2312str, int gb2312len)
{
	unsigned int unicode  = 0;
	int i=0;
	gb2312len = 0;

	for(i=0; i<utf8len;)
	{
		unsigned char *str = (unsigned char *)&utf8str[i];
		int bytes_utf8 = get_size_from_utf8(str[0]);
        int bytes_gb2312 = 0;
		UTF8ToUnicode(str, &unicode);
        printf("unicode=0x%04x\n", unicode);
		bytes_gb2312 = UnicodeToGB2312(unicode, (unsigned short *)&gb2312str[gb2312len]);
		printf("bytes=%d, %02x, gb2312len=%d, %02x\n", bytes_utf8, str[0], gb2312len, *((short*)&gb2312str[gb2312len]));
		gb2312len += bytes_gb2312;
		i += bytes_utf8;

	}

    return 0;
}

unsigned short giGB2312[21243][2]={
{0xa1a1,0x3000},{0xa2a1,0x3001},{0xa3a1,0x3002},{0xa8a1,0x3003},{0xa9a1,0x3005},
{0x65a9,0x3006},{0x96a9,0x3007},{0xb4a1,0x3008},{0xb5a1,0x3009},{0xb6a1,0x300a},
... ...