常用类 12.31

最新推荐文章于 2024-11-08 14:58:24 发布

海宽宽

最新推荐文章于 2024-11-08 14:58:24 发布

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文章标签： java

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_55845798/article/details/122248063

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有关常用类

包装类

八种基本类型的包装类(Wrapper)

基本数据类型	包装类
boolean	Boolean
char	Char
byte	Byte
short	Short
int	Int
long	Long
float	Float
double	Double

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装箱和拆箱，包装类和基本数据类型之间的转换

public static void main(String[] args) {
    int a = 2;
    Integer b = a; //自动装箱
    int c = b; //自动拆箱
    System.out.println("a="+a);
    System.out.println("b="+b);
    System.out.println("c="+c);

}

a=2
b=2
c=2

包装类和String之间的转换

public class WrapperVsString {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
     //Integer -> String
     Integer i = 200;
     //No.1
     String s = i + "";
     //No.2
     String s1 = i.toString();
     //No.3
     String s2 = String.valueOf(i);

     //String -> Integer
     String str = "300";
     //No.1
     Integer integer = Integer.parseInt(str);
     //No.2
     Integer integer1 = new Integer(str);
        
    }
}

常用方法

System.out.println("最大值："+Integer.MAX_VALUE);
System.out.println("最小值："+Integer.MIN_VALUE);

Character c = 'a';
System.out.println("是不是数字"+Character.isDigit(c));
System.out.println("是不是字母"+Character.isLetter(c));
System.out.println("是不是大写" + Character.isUpperCase(c));
System.out.println("是不是小写" + Character.isLowerCase(c));
System.out.println("是不是空格" + Character.isWhitespace(c));
System.out.println("转大写" + Character.toUpperCase(c));
System.out.println("转小写" + Character.toLowerCase(c));

String

基本概念

String 中的字符是Unicode字符编码，一个字符占2个字节，对比char，char一个字符占1个

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CharSequence：实现字符序列接口
Comparable：实现此接口，说明String对象可以比较
Serializable：实现此接口，说明String可以串行化，即可以网络传输

构造器

String可以有很多种构造器，常用的有5个

String是final类不能被继承

private final char value[]; 
//value是final类型，不可以修改地址，字符内容可以改
//用于存放字符串内容

解释一下第二句话：
    
        final char value[] = {'a','b','c'};
        value[1] = 'k'; //这一行并不报错
        char value1[] = {'t','o','m'};
        value = value1; //这一行报错

public class String01 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String s = "hsp";
        String string1 = new String("hsp");
        System.out.println(s.equals(string1));	//true
        //都指向常量池中的0x9
        System.out.println(s == string1);		//false
        //两者地址不一样，如下图，s1的地址0x11 , s的地址0x99
    }
}

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常用方法

String str1 = "I love java!";
String str2 = "I LOVE JAVA!";
System.out.println("字符串比较"+str1.equals(str2));
System.out.println("字符串比较忽略大小写"+str1.equalsIgnoreCase(str2));
System.out.println("索引a第一次出现"+str1.indexOf("a"));
System.out.println("索引a最后一次出现"+str2.lastIndexOf("a"));
System.out.println("截取下标4之后的内容"+str1.substring(4));
System.out.println("截取下标0~5之间的内容"+str1.substring(0, 5));
String str3 = "i loVe JAvA!";
System.out.println("转大写"+str3.toUpperCase());
System.out.println("转小写"+str3.toLowerCase());
String str4 = "赤瞳";
System.out.println("拼接："+str4.concat("黑瞳").concat("塔兹米").concat("雷欧奈"));
String str5 = "F:\\a\\b\\ccc";
String[] split = str5.split("\\\\");
System.out.println("===分隔输出===");
for (String s : split) {
    System.out.print(" "+s);
}
String str6 = "abcd";
String str7 = "AbC";
System.out.println(str6.compareTo(str7));

char[] chars = str6.toCharArray();
System.out.println("===转成字符数组输出===");
for (char aChar : chars) {
    System.out.print( " " + aChar);
}
System.out.println("======格式化(format)输出======");
int a = 14;
String  b = "i love";
double c = 7.0;
String format = String.format("%d,  %s  ,  %.2f ", a, b, c);//.2 小数点后保留两位输出
System.out.println(format);

增强String：StringBuffer，StringBuilder

基本概念

String类是保存字符串常量，每次更新需要重新开辟空间，因此有了后来的StringBuilder和StringBuffer

stringbuffer是一个容器，可变长度，即对字符串内容进行增删

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stringBuffer注意点:
1.继承父类  AbstractStringBuilder
abstract class AbstractStringBuilder implements Appendable, CharSequence {
char[] value; //区别与String ,不是final
//该数组存放字符串内容，直接放到堆中
2.继承 Serializable,可以串行化
3.StringBuffer是final类，不能被继承

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构造器

public static void main(String[] args) {
    //构造器char数组大小默认16
    StringBuffer stringBuffer = new StringBuffer();
    //构造器char数组大小100
    StringBuffer stringBuffer1 = new StringBuffer(100);
    //构造器char数组大小16+6
    StringBuffer string = new StringBuffer("string");
}

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String和StringBuffer之间的转换

public static void main(String[] args) {
    //String转StringBuffer
    String str = "abc";
    //No.1 append方法
    StringBuffer stringBuffer = new StringBuffer();
    stringBuffer.append(str);
    //No.2 构造器
    StringBuffer stringBuffer1 = new StringBuffer(str);
    //StringBuffer转String
    StringBuffer tom = new StringBuffer("Tom");
    //No.1 toString方法
    System.out.println(tom.toString());
    //No.2 构造器
    String s = new String(tom);
}

常用方法

StringBuffer stringBuffer = new StringBuffer("I");
//增
stringBuffer.append(" love java!");
System.out.println(stringBuffer);
//删
stringBuffer.delete(0,2);
//改
stringBuffer.replace(0,4,"replace");
//查
System.out.println(stringBuffer.indexOf("va"));
System.out.println(stringBuffer);
//插入
stringBuffer.insert(3,"插入");
System.out.println(stringBuffer);
//获取长度
System.out.println(stringBuffer.length());

StringBuilder类似于StringBuffer，但不是线程安全的，用于单线程，但是比StringBuffer快
有大量修改操作用StringBuffer，StringBuilder，否则String

Math

public static void main(String[] args) {
    System.out.println(Math.abs(-88) + "绝对值");
    System.out.println(Math.pow(2, 3) + "幂");
    System.out.println(Math.ceil(1.1) + " 1.1 向上取整");
    System.out.println(Math.floor(1.1) + " 1.1 向下取整");
    System.out.println(Math.round(1.1) + " 1.1 四舍五入");
    System.out.println(Math.sqrt(4) + "开方");
    System.out.printf("%.2f + 随机数",10*(Math.random()));
    System.out.println();
    System.out.println(Math.max(6, 89));
    System.out.println(Math.min(67, 8));
}

Arrays

public static void main(String[] args) {
    Integer []integer = {1,5,9,4,7};
    System.out.println("字符串形式"+Arrays.toString(integer));
    Arrays.sort(integer);
    System.out.println("排序:");
    for (Integer integer1 : integer) {
        System.out.print(" "+integer1);
    }
    System.out.println();
    System.out.println("二分查找" + Arrays.binarySearch(integer, 9));
    //复制
    Integer[] integers = Arrays.copyOf(integer, integer.length);
    System.out.println(Arrays.toString(integer));
    System.out.println();
    //填充
    Arrays.fill(integer,99);
    System.out.println(Arrays.toString(integer));
    //比较
    int[] ints = {1,2,3,4,5,6};
    int[] ints1 = {1,2,3,4,5,6,7};
    System.out.println(Arrays.equals(ints, ints1));
    //集合
    List<Integer> asList = Arrays.asList(1, 3, 4, 5, 56, 6);
    System.out.println("asList:"+asList);
}

System

public static void main(String[] args) {
        int a = 1;
        System.out.println(a);
//        System.exit(a);//退出当前程序
        System.out.println(a);
        System.out.println("======");
        int[] b = {1,23,45};//复制
        int[] b1 = new int[3];
        System.arraycopy(b,0,b1,0,b.length);
        System.out.println(Arrays.toString(b1));
        System.out.println("======");
        //计算当前时间与1970-1-1的毫秒数
        System.out.println("计算当前时间与1970-1-1的毫秒数\n"+System.currentTimeMillis());
        System.gc();
    }

大数

public static void main(String[] args) {
    //No.1 BigInteger 整数
    BigInteger i1 = new BigInteger("11111111111111111111111111111111111111111111");
    BigInteger i2 = new BigInteger("2");
    System.out.println(i1.add(i2) + " 加");
    System.out.println(i1.subtract(i2) + " 减");
    System.out.println(i1.multiply(i2) + " 乘");
    System.out.println(i1.divide(i2) + " 除");
    System.out.println("=============");
    //No.2 BigDecimal 小数
    BigDecimal d1 = new BigDecimal("2.2222222222222222222222222");
    BigDecimal d2 = new BigDecimal("2.24343245");
    System.out.println(d1.add(d2));
    System.out.println(d1.subtract(d2));
    System.out.println(d1.multiply(d2));
    System.out.println(d1.divide(d2, BigDecimal.ROUND_CEILING) + "保留d1的小数位数");
}

日期类

Date SimpleDateFormat

public static void main(String[] args) throws ParseException {
    Date r = new Date();
    System.out.println(r + "系统时间");
    System.out.println(new Date(78787878) + " 通过毫秒数得到时间");
    System.out.println(r.getTime() + " 通过时间获得毫秒数");
    System.out.println(new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy年MM月dd日 hh:mm:ss E").format(r) + "系统时间转换成格式规则日期");
    System.out.println(new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy年MM月dd日 hh:mm:ss E").parse("2021年12月30日 13:18:20 星期四") + "规则转系统时间");
}

Calendar

public static void main(String[] args) {
    Calendar c = Calendar.getInstance();
    System.out.println(c);
    System.out.println(c.get(Calendar.YEAR) + "年" + (c.get(Calendar.MONTH)+1) + "月" + c.get(Calendar.DATE) + "日");
    System.out.println(c.get(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY) + "时" + c.get(Calendar.MINUTE) + "分" + c.get(Calendar.SECOND) + "秒");

}

LocalDate LocalTime LocalDateTime

public static void main(String[] args) {
    System.out.println(LocalDate.now());
    System.out.println(LocalTime.now());
    System.out.println(LocalDateTime.now());
    LocalDateTime t = LocalDateTime.now();
    System.out.println(t.getYear());
    System.out.println(t.getMonth());
    System.out.println(t.getMonthValue());
    System.out.println(t.getDayOfMonth());
    System.out.println(t.getHour());
    System.out.println(t.getMinute());
    System.out.println(t.getSecond());

    System.out.println(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyy年MM月dd日 hh:mm:ss E").format(t));

    System.out.println(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyy年MM月dd日 hh:mm:ss E").format(t.plusMinutes(6666)) + "加上6666分钟的时间");

    System.out.println(DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyy年MM月dd日 hh:mm:ss E").format(t.minusDays(34)) + "减去34天的时间");
}

Instant 时间戳

public static void main(String[] args) {
    //和Date之间的相互转换
    Instant now = Instant.now();
    Date date = Date.from(now);
    Instant instant = date.toInstant();
    System.out.println(now);
    System.out.println(date);
    System.out.println(instant);
}

ateTimeFormatter.ofPattern(“yyyy年MM月dd日 hh:mm:ss E”).format(t.minusDays(34)) + “减去34天的时间”);
}


### Instant 时间戳

```java
public static void main(String[] args) {
    //和Date之间的相互转换
    Instant now = Instant.now();
    Date date = Date.from(now);
    Instant instant = date.toInstant();
    System.out.println(now);
    System.out.println(date);
    System.out.println(instant);
}