【IP关键词 2】北邮 互联网协议 Internet Protocol 3.Transport Layer

序号为课件内每章节序号

3.

缩写	En	Move
MUX	multiplexing	serveral streams of data into a singal stream; handle data from multiple socket, add transport header
DEMUX	demultiplexing	separated out into its individual component; use header info to deliver received segment to correct socket
UDP	User datagram protocol	8 Bytes; src port, dest port, len, checksum
	Encapsulation/Decapsulation	add layers headers
rdt	reliable data transfer protocol	看下方rdt总结
FSM	finite state machines	有限状态机
	Utilization	$U=\frac{L/R}{RTT+L/R}$
GBN	Go-Back-N	只回复序列号最高那个；如果有Gap，回Gap前序号最高的
	Selective Repeat	对每一个包都回ACK；如果有Gap，等待Gap填充上再接着回
TCP	Transmission Control Protocol	20 Bytes; 比UDP多了: Seq#, Ack#, Rwnd, Options, Head len, ACK,RST,SYN,FIN…
Seq#	Sequency number	为byte stream中，segment data第一个byte的位置
Ack#	acknowledgement number	期待从另一端收到的下一个Seq#的号
RTT	Round Trip Time
	TCP Fast Retransmit	3 ACKs for same data
	Flow Control	Receiver advertise its buffer size to sender
rwnd	receiver window	The purpose of this window: not too fast for receiver
MSS	Maximum Segment Size	传输层的Segment中包含的应用层数据的最大长度
MTU	Maximum Transmission Unit	最大链路层Frame大小 MTU=MSS+IP+TCP
	Nagle’s Algorithm	通过减少需要通过网络发送包的数量来提高TCP/IP传输速率，小包问题；FlowControl
	Silly Window Syndrome
	Congestion Control	The purpose of it:
AIMD	Additive Increase, Multiplicative Decrease	AI: increase cwnd 1 MSS every RTT; MD: cut cwnd in half after loss
cwnd	congestion window	The purpose of this window: not too fast for network
	Slow Start	Initial: cwmd = 1 MSS; double cwnd every RTT
	TCP RENO	cut cwnd in half; (3 duplicate acks)
	TCP Tahoe	set cwnd to 1; (timeout or 3 duplicate acks)
	TCP throughput	as function of window size and RTT $thruput=\frac{3W}{4RTT}$